I PEESIAN LITEEATUBE A BIO-BTBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY Section II FASCICULUS 1 A. GENERAL HISTORY B. THE PROPHETS AND EARLY ISLAM BY C. A. STOREY LUZAC & CO., GREAT RUSSELL STREET, LONDON, CENTRA riS^RCH A For Or rr ■ ‘ *"••••** Date rflHE first fasciculus of tMs work formed the subject of aa extremely valuable review in the Orientalistische Literatur- zeitung (1928, coll. 1121-7) by Professor H. Ritter, who had taken the trouble to examine most of the Istanbul manuscripts mentioned in the fasciculus and was thus in a position to correct much of the information which I had derived from the Turkish handlists. That these handlists, or many of them, were in- accurate was commonly known, but the extent of the inaccuracy, as revealed by Professor Ritter’s corrections, was, to me at least, a surprise. ‘ ' Bei der Auswertung der Stambuler Kataloge, ’ ’ says Professor Ritter, wird nun freilich nicht inimer geniigend beachtet, dass etwa 40% der ilngaben falsch sind.” Fortunately in compiling the present fasciculus I have been able to draw information concerning the manuscripts at Istanbul from a trustworthy source. In a series of articles entitled Les manuscrits persans historiques des bibliotheques de Stamboul and published in the Archiv Orientdlni (voL iii (Prague 1931) pp. 87-118, 303-26, 462-91, vol. iv (1932), pp. 92-107, 193-207) Dr. Felix Tauer has accurately described most of the historical manuscripts in the Istanbul libraries. In the preface to the first fasciculus I expressed regret that the libraries of Persia had not published catalogues of their collections. 1 was unaware of the fact that the Shrine of the Imam Rida at Mashhad had published a valuable catalogue of its library in 1345/1926. Since then has appeared a concise, hut good, catalogue of the Majlis Library at Tihran. In consequence of my removal from London I have been compelled to abandon my intention of dealing exhaustively with those India Office manuscripts of which no published catalogue exists. So far as the Delhi Collection is concerned, I have been able to use, in a typewritten copy, a concise card-catalogue compiled some thirty years ago by the late Saiyid "All Bilgrami, but for more than one reason I have not aimed at completeness XXVlll PREFACE in recording the manuscripts belonging to that collection. Only in rare cases have I been able to attempt a verification of the details and numbers given (not always correctly, I am afraid) by Saiyid ^Ali BilgramL In the case of the printed books at the India Office I have used typewritten copies of various card- catalogues and handlists, but here again completeness of the Idnd at which I formerly aimed is no longer practicable. To several persons, who, by reviewing and correcting the first fasciculus or in other ways, have helped or encouraged this work, my appreciative thanks are due, especially to Mr. W. Ivanow, Professor R. A. Nicholson, Professor H. Ritter, and Dr. Felix Tauer. March, 1935. 0. A. Storey. LIST OF AUTHOBITIES AND ABBREVIATIONS [Snpplementaiy to tlie list printed on pp. jx~xxiii of Section I.] A.H.S. == Anno Hegirae Solaris. I have prefixed these letters to dates in the Hijri i Shamsi era adopted some years ago in Persia, Adabiyat Kutub-lAanah-si = The Adabiyat Kutub-lianah-si preserved in the University Library at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer (q.v. infra).) Ahmad ThalM = The Library of Ahmad III preserved in the Top Qapu Saray at Istanbul, (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) Amiri Efendi = The Library of Amiri (Emiri) Efendi preserved in the MiUat Kutub-^anah-si at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) ‘Amujah Husain Pa^a = Daftar i Eutub-Tfhmiah i 'Amujah Husain Pdskd [now preserved in the Millat Kutub-IAanah-si], Istanbul, 1310. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) Asafiyah III = Jildi siwwum i Fihrist i kutub i 'Arahl wa Fdrisi iva Urdu maMzunah i Kutub-JMnah i Asafiyah i Sarkdr i m . . . HaidarabM, 1347/1928^-9. Ata^-hadah (circ. a.h. 1174-93/1760-79), by Lutf-'^Ali Beg. References are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ethe’s description of the MS. Bodleian 384. ‘Atif Efendi = Daftar i Kutuh-Mdnah i 'Atif Efendi. Istanbul, 1310. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) B.S.O.S. == Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies. LIST OF AUTHORITIES AND ABBEEVIATIOHS Bagdad K6#di = The Bagdad Kiosk library preserved in the Top Qapu Saray at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Taiier {q,v. infra).) Bombay Fyzco =A descHptwe list of the Afahic^ Pefsian and JJfdu manuscfipts in the Powbay Bfanck, Royal Asiatic Society. By A. A. Fyzee. [Reprinted from tbe Journal of the B.B.R.A.S.] [Bombay, md.] Brelvi and Dhabbar = Supplementary catalogue of Arabic, Hindustani, Persian a'^'d Turldsh MSS. and descriptive catalogue of the Avesta, Pahlavi, Pazend and Persian MSS. in the Mulla Firoz Library [at Bombay]. Compiled by 8. A. Brelvi . . . and Ervad B. N. Dhabhar. Bombay, 1917. Browne Coll. = A descriptive catalogue of the Oriental MSS. belonging to the late E. G. Browne [and at present deposited in tbe Cambridge University Library]. By E. G. Browne. Completed & edited . . . by R. A. Nicholson. Cambridge, 1932. Bnidiara Semenov = Katahg ruhopisei istoricheskogo otdela Bukharskoi TsentraVnoi Biblioteki. [By] A. A. Semenov. TasKkent, 1925. But-Mmnah (a.h. 1021/1612-13), by Mubammad Sufi, Hasan Beg Kba,bT and "Abd al-Lati£ 'Abbasi. References are given to tbe numbers assigned to tbe biographies in Etbe’s description of tbe MS. Bodleian 366. Damad Ibrabim =: Daftar i KiitubJchmiah i Ddmad Ibrahim Pasha [now preserved in tbe Sulaimaniyab Kutub-ttanab i ‘umumi]. Istanbul, 1312. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) Dbabbar = Descriptive catalogue of seme rmnuscripts bearing on Zoroastrianism and pertaining to the different collections in the Mulla Feroze Library. Prepared by Ervad Bomanji Nusserwangi Dhabhar. Bombay, 1923. LIST OF AUTHOEITIES AKD ' ABBEEVIATIOm XXXI al-Duraf al-hdminah = al-D. al-k. fl a^ydn al-mi'at al-thdmimJi (in Arabic), by Ibn Hajar al-'AsqalanL Haidarabad, " ^1348-50. ,Eaid Allab Efendi = Daftar i Kutub-I^amak i Faii Allah Efendl tm-Shaikh Murad etc, [now preserved in tbe Alillat Klitiib- ^anab-si]. Istanbul, 1310. (Historical MSS. cited from Tmei {q,v, infra),) Fawdt al-Wafayat (in Arabic), by Ibn ^akir al-Kutubi. Bulaq, 1283. Gid i ra^nd (a.h. 1182/1768-9), by Lacbhnii Karayan “Shafiq AurangabadL Eeferences are given to the pages of 'Abd al- Muqtadir's description of the MS. Bankipur viii 701. Hakim-o^lu ^Ali Pa^a = Daftar i HaMm-ugMd ‘Alt Pdskd Kutuh-Mmnali-sl [now preserved in the Millat Kiitub- ^anah-si]. Istanbul, 1311. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q,v, infra).) Halat Efendi = Daftar i Kutuh-Midnah i Hdlat Efendl [now pre- served in the Sulaimaniyah Kutub-lianah i 'umumi]. Istanbul, 1312. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v, infra).) Hasan Husni = The library of Hasan Hiisni Pa^a at Eyyub, (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v, infra).) Huda’i Efendi = The library of Huda’i Efendi preserved in the library of Salim A^a at Scutari. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v, infra).) Ibn Qutlubu^a == Tdj ahtardjim fi iabaqdt al’Hanaflyah (in Arabic). Die Krone der Lebensbeschreibunyen . . . von Zein-ad~ din Kasim Ibn Kutlubugd, . . . heransgegehen . . . von G. Flugel. Leipzig, 1862. Ivanow 1st Suppt. = Concise descriptive catalogue of the Persian manuscripts in the collections of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. First supplement. By W, Ivanow. Calcutta, 1927. XXXll LIvST OP AUTHOBITIES ABBBBVTATIONS Ivanow 2nd Suppt. = Concise descri^tim catalogue of the Persian manuscripts in ike collections of the Asiatic Society of Be^igah Second supplement. By W, Ivanow. Calontta, 1928. KaU = Persidskiya, arabskiya i tyurksUya nikopisi TuTkestan- skoi publicknoi hiblioteki. \3j] E.KaV. TasKkentj 1889. Kalimdt alsddiqln (a.h. 1023/1614), by M. Sadiq Hamadfoi. Keferences ^are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in 'Abd al-Muqtadir’s description of the MS. BanJdpur viii 671. Khalis Efendi = The library of Khalis Bfendi preserved in the University Library at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tslu&t (q.v. infra).) Khizdnah i 'dmirah (a.h. 1176/1762-3), by Ghulam-'Ali '' Azad ’’ Bilgrami. Eeferences are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ethe’s description of the MS. Bodleian 381. Khuldsat ahafkdr (a.h. 1206-7/1791-3), by Abu Tffib Khan Isfahan!. Eeferences are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ethe’s description of the MS. Bodleian 391. Khuldsat al-kaldm (a.h. 1198/1784), by ‘^Ali Ibrahim Khan. References are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ethels description of the MS. Bodleian 390 and in 'Abd al-Muqtadir’s description of the MS. Bankipur viii 704-5. Khusrau Ea^a = Daftar i Kulub-Mmnah i Kkusmu PdsM. Istanbul, n.d. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer (q.v. infra).) Lala Isma'il = The library of Lala Isma‘il Efendi listed at the end of th„e daftar of the IJ^midiyah Library (for which see p. xvi of Section I). (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) LIST:' : OF AUTHOBITTES ABB ABBREVIATIONS XXXIU Lu^lu'atd 'l-Bakrain == L, 'l-B, fl %ijdzah K-§urrai^^ al-'ain (in Arabic), by Ynsuf b. Aimad al-Babram [cf. Browne Lit. iv 356]. Bombay, n.d. For a Tibran edition of 1269 see Harrassowitz's Biicber-Katalog 430, no. 641. Majlis = Catalogue des manuscrits persans et amhes de la Biblio- theque du Madfless. Par Y. Etessami. Tibran, 1933. MaMzan al-ghard'ib (a.h. 1218/1803-4), by Abmad 'Ml Sandili. Eeferences are given ‘ to the numbers assigned to tlie biographies in Ethe’s description of the MS. Bodleian 395. Ma^had=i^i/im^ i hutub i Kitdh-Mmnah i nmhdmkah i Asian i quds i Ridawi. Ma^had, 1345/1926. Mir' at al-Maydl (a.h. 1102/1690-1), by Sher Khan Lodi. Eefer- ences are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ethe’s description of the MS. Bodleian 374. Muntalchab (a.h. 1161/1748), by M. 'All Khan Ma^- hadi. Eeferences are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ethe’s description of the MS. Bodleian 379. Mustafa Efendi ~ The library of Mustafa Efendi preserved in the Sulaimaniyah Kutub-khanah i ^umumi at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) NafiA Pa^a == The library of Nafi^ Pasha preserved in the Sulaimaniyah Kutub-Mianah i 'umumi at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) Princeton = A catalogue of Turkish and Persian manuscripts belonging to Robert Garrett and deposited in the Princeton University Library. By N. N. Martinomtch. Princeton, 1926. Qarah-Chelebi-Zadah = Daftar i Eutub-Midnah i Qarah-GhdeU- Zadah Husdm abDm [now preserved in the Sulaimaniyah Kutub-^nah i 'umumi at Istanbul]. Istanbul, n.d. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. infra).) XXXXV LIST OF AUTHORITIES Aisno ABBBBVIATIOHS Ea^ib PaAa = Tie library of Ea^ib PaAa at Istanbul (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q,v. infra),) Eawan Eoshkti = The library of the Erivan Kiosk preseryed in the Top Qapu Saray at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q,v, infra)) Eida Pa^a = The library of Eida Pa^a preserved in the University Library at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q,v, infra)) Eiydd al-shu^arff (a.h. 1162/1749), by ^Ali-Qull Khan Walih ” Da^istanl Eeferences are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Ivanow’s description of the MS. Ivanow Gurzon 57. Safinah i Khwmhau (a.h. 1137 /1724-5), by Bindraban Das Khwushgu Eeferences are given to the numbers assigned by Ethe to the biographies in the MS. Bodleian 376 and to the pages of 'Abd al-Muqtadir’s description of the MS. Bankipur viii 690. Salim A^a = Daftar i Kutvb-Mdnah i Ilhdj Salim Aghd. Istanbul, 1310-11. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q,v, infra)) Semenov XJhamteV = DkazateV persidskoi literatury po istorii Uzbekov v Srednei AziL \By] A, A, Semenov, Tashkent, 1926. ^ahid 'All Padia = The library of Shahid ‘All Pa^a at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q,v. infra)) Stockholm = Katalog over Kungl, Bibliotekets orientalisJca hand- skrifter av W, Riedel, Stockholm, 1923. Suhufi Ibrahim (a.h. 1205/1790), by 'All Ibrahim Khan. Eefer- ences are given to the numbers assigned to the biographies in Pertsch's description of the MS. Berlin 663. LIST OF AXTTHOBITIFS ANB ABBBEVIATIONS XXXV TarlAan Khadijali Sultan = Tlie library of Tarldian Khadijab. Sultan listed at tbe end of tbe Yeni Jami' daftar (for which see p. xxiii of Section I) and now preserved in the Sulai- m i "umunii. (Historical MSS, cited from Tauer (gf.-y. m/m).) Tauer = Les manuscfits persans Mstoriques des biblioiheqms de Stamboul, Par Felix Tauer (in Archiv Orientdln% vol. iii (Prague, 1931), pp, 87-118, 303-26, 462-91, vol. iv (1932), pp. 92-107, 193-207). Upsala Zettersteen = Die arabiscken, persischen und turkischen Eandschriften der XJniversitdtsbibliotheJc zu Uppsala verzeich- net und beschrieben von K, F. Zettersteen (==£e Monde onmiaZ, vol. xxii (1928). Upsala, 1930). Velyaminov-Zernov = Vostochnyya ruhopisi v hibliotekye poJcoi- nago F. F. VeVyaminova-Zernova. A. A. Semenova (in Izvyestiya Rossiiskoi AJcademii NauTd, 1919, pp. 855-72). Wahbi Efendi = The library of Wahbi Efendi preserved in the Sulaimaniyah Kutub-kbanah i 'umtiml at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v, supra).) Yildix Ko^kii = The library of the Yildiz Kiosk preserved in the University Library at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. supra).) Zuhdi Bey = The library of Zuhdi Bey preserved in the Sulai- manlyah Kutub-lAanah i 'umumi at Istanbul. (Historical MSS. cited from Tauer {q.v. supra).) ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS [Blochet iv == Biblioth^ue Nationale. Catalogue des manuscrits fersans. Par E, Blochet. Tonie quatrieme. . . . Paris, 1934.] P. 63, 1. 31. [Tarjamah i TdriMh i Tabari^ Other MSS. : Leningrad Pub. Lib. (3 copies. See Melanges asiatiques, iii (St. Petersburg 1859), p. 726), Majlis 231. P. 67, 1. 15. [Mupnal al-tawdrllch.^ For another MS. (14th cent.) in the possession of Prof. M. Fuad at Constantinople see Die Welt des Islams, vol. 12 (1930/1), p. 104. P, 70, 1. 3. Add : Zafar al-wdlih (in Arabic), by Abd Allah M. ahMakki, ed. E. Denison Eoss, London 1910-1928 (see index). 1. 30. [Nimm ol-tawdnM.] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2162 (1)‘(A.H. 1081/1670). P. 72, 1. 10. For ancien fonds 107 read Blochet iv 2217. Ancien fonds 107 = Blochet iv 2154 is a volume containing inter alia the same attestations of the orthodoxy of Eashid al-Din’s works as occur in de Slane 2324. P. 73, 1. 33. [Jdmi' al4awdriM.] Other MSS. : Blochet iv 2279 (most of vol, ii. a.h. 830/1426-7), 2280 (part of vol. i, Yiz. the account of the Mongol tribes and of Chingiz Khan’s ancestors and the greater part of the life of Chingiz. 16th cent.). P. 76, 1. 29, Read ancetres. P. 77, 1, 6. [Jdmi' ahtawdrlM.] Add : (7) The account of the Ismd‘iM doctrines in the Jami' al-Tawarikh of RadM^ aPDm Fadlalldh. By R. Levy (in JRAS. 1930, pp. 509- 536 (Persian text with English translation)). P. 77, 1. 28. [Jdmi^ ahtawdr Zkh .} Add : (8) [English translation of extracts concerning the Isma'ili doctrines] The account of the Ismd%U doctrines in the Jami' ahTawarikh of ADDITIONS AND COBEECTIONS xxxvn RasMd ctl-Dm Fadhlldh, By R, Levy \{m 1930, ' pp. 509-536 (Persian text with English translation)). , P. 79,1. 21. [Nikpai ,b. Mas'tid.] Add : Extracts , relating- to the Samanids derived from al-'UtbFs Yamm : Description topogmpMque et Jiistorique de BouMam.par Moltmnfmd Nerehalchy . . . Texts persayi publie par G, Shefer^ 1892®^ pp. 111-122. P. 81, h 19. [Tajdrib al-salaf,] A Tihran edition, prepared by "Abbas Iqbal, is mentioned, without date, in Lmms to, vol. xlvi, no. 1 (Jan.-March 1935), p. 14. P. 83,1. 6. [TanM i Guz^h} Another MS. : Blochet iv 2282 (A.H. 989/1581). P. 86. After 1. add : 116a. MuntaMiah ahtawdrlMi i MuHnl, a sketch of general history to the end of Timur’s reign written by an imknown author and presented to Mii"m al-Dunya wa-’l-Din Abii d-Eath Shah-Ruldi Bahadur at Harat on 22 Eajab 817/1414 : Blochet iv 2283 (transcribed from an autograph and corrected by the author). P. 87, 1. 27. IMafmu'ah i Hafiz i Abru.] Cf. Histoire des conquetes de Tamerh/n {Zafarnmna) par Nizamuddm Smm. Avec des additions de Hdfiz-i Abru. Edition critique . . , par Felix Tauer, which is announced as a forthcoming volume in the series of the Monografie Archivu Orientdlmho published by the Czechoslovak Oriental Institute at Prague. P. 88, 1. 1. [Majmu'ah i Hafiz i Abru.] The Dhail i hitdb i Zafar-ndmah has now been published under the title of GontinvMion du Zafarndma de Nizamuddm 8dmi par Hdfiz-i Abru editee Tapr^s les manuscrits de Stamboul par Felix Tauer (in Arohiv Orientdlni, voL vi (Prague, 1934), pp. 429-465). P. 88, 1. 8, [MajmufaJi i Hafiz i Abru.] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2284 (apparently the Dhail i Jdmi' ahtamrlTch, the xxxviii ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS history of the Muzaffarids, the Zafar-nmmh and the Bhail i Utah i Zafar-mmah. Circ. a.d. 1530. Mistakenly described by Blochet as the last part of the Zuhdat aU taivdrlJ^). P. 89, L 3. [Majnwd aUawdrlMi.] Add : (2) Safar-nSmah i Ohm sanah 1419 '[Isaivl] id sanah 1422 ‘[Ismvi] ya'm niadmim u muhassal i ruz-ndm^ah i Khwdjah Ghiydth al-Bin i naqqd^ i Baysunghur Mvrzd b, SMURuMi . . . hih Hafiz i Abm dar Zuhdat al-tawdrlMi darj numudah [edited with notes and index by M. Shafi‘] (in the Oriental College Magazme, voL vii, no. 1 (Lahore, Nov. 1930), pp. 1-66). P. 93, 1. 14. Read Nau^ar. 1. 15. [Baudat aUsafa,] Other MSS. : Princeton 462 (voL i. A.H. 909/1503-4), 463-7 (three more copies of vol. i and two of vol. iii), Blochet 2286-90. P. 98. [Raudat al'Safd\] For an Eastern Turkish translation written by M. Yusuf called al-Raji b. QadI Khwaiam- birdi al-Klmwarazmi in the reign of Abu l-Ghazi M. Amin Khwarazm-Shah (a.h. 1261/1845-1271/1855) see Melanges asiatiques, vii (St. Petersburg 1876), p. 411. P. 105, 1. 1. [Habib aBsiyar,] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2291 (complete, a.h. 1010/1601-2). P. 106, L 20, [Habib ahsiyar.] According to Dorn {Melanges asiatiques, vi (St. Petersburg, 1873), p. 119) the Tihran edition omits mehrere gerade fiir Russland interessante Capitel P. 115, 1. 8. [Nigdristdn,] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2292 (late 17th cent.). P. 128, 1. 32. [Taqwim al-tawdnl^,] Another MS, : Blochet iv 2293 (mid i7th cent.). P. 130. After I, 25 insert : 147a. M, Barm Ummi b. M. Jammed b. Jabbari Khan b. Majnun Khan Qa q& al is the author of a scientific .ABBITIONS, AND COERECTIOKS' , , XXxix.' , encyclopaedia entitled' ^Uqul i ‘a^arah, which lie completed. , in 1084/1673-4 (see Berlin 97, Bodleian 1495,, BiiMi* 222, Fliigel i 27, Ivanow Gnrzion 485). Mujmal i mufassaly ■ cDmise gmem^^ Mstory to AM., 1037/1627. (Shat- JaMn's aceession), transcribed from, the original drafts in .1065/1655 .(according to' a statement . near tte ■ beginning of I\’anow'^43) but not completed ■ a.pparently. nntil 1079/1.668, since that is given as the date of the .second volume ..{on the Persian and Indian Tirntrids): Bodleian'. 101 ..(defective at beginning and concluding with. A.m . 1020/1611. Identified by Ivaiiow), 242 (voL ii ' only. . ■A.H.' 1.079/1668 (?), apparently auto- graph), Ivanow . 48 (a.h. 1100/1688-9, transcribed for the anthor). P. 138, L 34. [Tiihfat Another MS. : I.O. MSS. Per. D. 4 (voL iii only). ■ ■ ■ P. 153, 1. 26. [NasiM ahtawdnM^ For .an edition of the TanBi i Qdjdnyah .published at Tabriz: ., in 1319/1901-2 see Harrassowitz’s Biicher-Katalog 405 (1926), no. 908. P. 161, L 12. [Maqdsid al-anUyd'.] ^ Another MS. : Bloehet iv 2295 (late 17th cent.). P. 168. After L 21 insert : (4a) Ants al-murtdin wa-skams ahmajdlis^ an account of Joseph in fourteen ^najdlis incorrectly ascribed to the celebrated ‘Abd Allah Ansari of Harat, v^ho died in 481 /1088 (see Ency, Isl, under xAnsari, Brockelmann i 433, Rauddt al-janmt 450, Haft iqUrn, no. 619, Safmat ahaidiyd' p. 166 (no. 300) and the authorities cited in the E^iey. Isl. and in JM-A,S,, 1929, p. 105) : i, no. 1339, Ethe 1778 (a.h. 1013/1605). For a discussion of the authorship see A prose version of the Yusuf mid Zuhihha legend, ascribed to Fir 4 Ansar of Harat, By Reuben Levy (in J,R,A.S,, 1929, pp. 103-6). P. 171. After I, %l insert : (41a) Qissah i Yumf^ .in 57 chapters : Bloehet i 396 (lacking preface and first eleven chapters, a.h. 898/1492). ADDITIONS AND CORKECTIONS XL P. 115, h 17. [SMraf al-NaB,] See M. Mzamu'd-Dm, hiiro- duction to the Jawdmi^ London 1929, p. 87, where it is pointed out that Rieii Suppt. 509 lacks nearly half the chapters and that Blochet i 371 contains only 61 of the 90 chapters. P. 182, L 13. Read 8th/14th century. 1. 15. [Rdhat aharwdh.] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2296 (a.h. 930/1523-4). By Blochet the dedicatee is described, no doubt correctly, as Tun des sou\'erains sarbedarides du Khorasan, Nizam ed-Din Yahya ibn Shams ed-Din Khadje Karabi, qui regna de 753 a 759 de Fhegire (1352- 1358 . . .) Hasan b. Husain Shf i Sabzawari must in that case have been an author of the 8th/14th century. P. 187, 1. 6. l^awahid al-nubuwwah.] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2300 (3) (A.H. 968/1561). P. 187, 1. 32. [Ma^drij al-nubuwwah.] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2298 {Ruhns iii-iv and Khdtimah. 1st half of 16th cent.). P. 190 ult. [Rau^t ahaJibdh.] Other MSS. : Blochet iv 2299 (16th cent.), 2300 (1) {Maqsad i only, a.h. 968/1561). P. 212, 1. 12. [Raudat al-skuJiadd\] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2301 (defective. Late 16th cent.). P. 213, 1. 4. Add: Bah majlis, Blochet iv 2305 (a.h. 1245/ 1829-30). P. 220, 1. 3. [MuMniq al-qulub.] Another MS. : Blochet iv 2297 (a.h, 1234/1819). P. 229, 1. 9. [Burr bahr al-mandqib,} Another MS. : Blochet iv 2302 (circ. a.d. 1525. Described by Blochet as the Bahr al-mandqib, but doubtless the abridgment). P, 233. Insert after 1. 29 : (63a) TaMdrat aVshuhadd', lives of Muhammad, Abu Bakr, Fal^ah, 'Umar, 'Uthman, 'Ali, ai-Husain, and al-Hasan, by M. Husain b. Baqi BuMiari : Blochet iv 2303 (2nd half of 19th cent.). n. HISTORf , BIOGRAPHF, ETC, A. GENERAL HISTORY lOL Abu Ja'far M. b. Jarir al-Tabari (b. at Amul a.h*224:/ 838-9, d. at Bagdad a.h. 310/923) bas already been mentioned in tbis work (pp. 1-2) as tbe author of a commentary on tbe Qur'an which was translated in an abridged form into Persian for the Samanid ruler Abu Salih Mansm b. Nub, who reigned from 350/961 to 366/976. The same ruler in the year 352/963-4 issued orders for the translation of al-Tabarf s celebrated history of the world entitled Ta'rlM al-rusul iva-'l-muluk} The task was undertaken by the ruler’s Wazn, Abu ‘Ali M. b. M. al-BaPami. This Barami, whose father, Abu ’1-Fadl M. b. ‘Ubaid Allah (d. 329/940), was Wazir to the Samanid Nasr b. Altoad (reigned 301/914-331/943), was himself Waztr first to 'Abd al-Malik b. Nuh (reigned 350/961-365/976) and subsequently to his successor Mansur. According to Gardezi (Zain al-alMdr ed. M. Nazim, p. 46) he died in 363 2/974, but according to al-‘Utbi, who does not mention the date of his death, he was reappointed Wazzr in 382/992 under Nuh b. Mansur (reigned 365/976-387/997). For further information see Barthold’s article in Emy. Isl under Barami and the authorities there cited. Tarjamah i Tartkh i Tahan^ a much abridpd translation existing in more than one redaction : ii 2260, Blochet i 238 (= Zotenberg’s A. 1st redaction. Defective at both ends and elsewhere. Early 13th cent.), 239-40 (= Zotenberg’s B. ^ The Arabic text of (an abridgment of) tbis work, edited with introduction, indices, etc. by de Goeje and others, was published in 15 volumes at Leyden in 1879-1901. An Oriental edition bas been printed at Cairo. For further information concerning tbe work see Mncy, Isl, under Tabari and the bibliography there given. ^ Tbe date given by Rieu (a.h. $86} is a mistake, as Barthold has pointed out. 62 n. HISTORY, BIOaRAPHY, ETC. ‘'Nouvelle redactioE.'' Ending with al-Mustar^id. a.h. 842/ 1438), 241 (= Zotenberg’s D. 1st redaction. Ending with the Sasanians. Early 17th cent.), 242 (== Zotenberg's 1^^^ redaction. Ending with Moses' crossing of the Bed Sea. A.H. 997/1688), 243 ('‘La redaction remaniee," Ending with al-Mustazhix. a.h. 1107/1695), E.A.S. P. 22 = Morley 9 (= Zotenberg's E. "Nouvelle redaction." Ending with al- Mustar^iid. a.h. 701 /1301 (?)), P. 23 =Morley 10 ( =Zotenberg's J. “ Noiivelle redaction." Ending with al-Qa'ina), P. 24 = Morley 11 (=: Zotenberg’s P. Mainly follows the new redaction, but sometimes combines old and new. Ends with accession of ah Mu'tasim. a.h. 988/1680), Fatih 4285 = Tauer 1 (ending with al-Muqtadir. a.h. 702/1303), 4281 = Tauer 4 (ending with al- MuqtadL a.h. 725/1326), 4284 = Tauer 5 (ending with ah Muqtadir. a.h. 817/1414-15), 4282 = Tauer 8 (ending with ah Mustazhir. a.h. 850/1446-7), 4283 = Tauer 10 (ending with ahMusta‘sim. a.h. 856/1452), Gotha 24-25 (= Zotenberg's G. 1st redaction. Ending with al-Mustazhir. a.h. 713/1313), 361 (in the Erganzungsheft) (ending with ahMuqtadir, defective. A.H. 1038/1628-9), Aya SMyah 3050 = Tauer 2 (ending with ahMuktafi. a.h. 713/1313), 3051 = Tauer 3 (ending with ah Muktafi. A.H. 718/1319), 3054 = Tauer 6 (ending with ah Mustazhir. a.h. 845/1441), 3049 = Tauer 7 (ending with ah Mustazhir. a.h. 846/1442), 4052 = Tauer 9 (ending with al-Mustazhir. a.h. 854/1450), 3053 = Tauer 11 (ending with ahMustazhir. a.h. 890/1486), Rieu i 68a (ending with the accession of ahMuqtadir, whose predecessors back to al-Wa^q are treated at greater length than in most MSS. a.h. 734/1334), 70a (begins in Caliphate of Abu Bakr and ends as the preceding MS., from which, however, it differs much. a.h. 911 /1505), 71a (defective. 16th cent.), 716 (begins shortly before Muhammad's genealogy and ends with ahMustazhir. a.h. 906/1500), ii 851a (vol. i (to death of Yazdajird), abridged in parts, a.h. 847/1443), Banldpuir vi 449-50 (ending with ahMustazhir. a.h. 740/1339), Leyden Cat. cod. arab., 2nd ed., ii 824 (ending with ahMusta'sim. A.H. 764/1353), Ethd 2 (ending with ahNasir. “ Very old."), 3 (ending with ahEasir), 4 (ending with al-Mustazhix, a.h. 1026/ 1616), 5 (ending with ahMustazhir. a.h. 1089/1678 ?), 6 (ending ■A. GENEBAL HISTOBY 63 witli al-Ma’mlm., n.d.)s 7 (breaks off in tbe account of Babak. Not, later tban a.h. 1035/1625-6), 8' agreeing witb .Morley's first 'cofy!^ Old), 9 agreeing witli Moriej’s seoofd] cofy: and Fraser 131 '' (= Bodleian 9). Tolerably old.’’), 10 (a different redaction, a.h. 1013/1604-5), 11 (defective. Ending witb al- QaMr), 12 (defective), 13 (second balf), Ross and Browne 133 (17tli cent.), Bodleian 2 (ending with al-MnktafL a.h, 894/1489), 3 (vol, i written a.h. 850/1446, voL ii mostly mncb older. LacnnsB), 4 (1st redaction. Ending with al-Mnktafl. a.h. 944/ 1537), 5 (agreeing with Morley’s 1st copy. Ending with ab Mnsta'in. '' Very old.”), 6 (agreeing with Morley’s 3rd copy. Ending with al-Mnstazbir. a.h. 944/1538), 7 (a.h. 1051/1641), 8 (a.h. 1073/1663), 9 (agreeing witb Morley’s 2n(i copy), 10 (latter balf. A.H. 1078/1668), 11 {'Abbasids only. a.h. 1197/1783), Ba^dM Kd^kii 282 = Taner 32 (in tbe i Hafiz i Ahru. Followed by Hafiz i Abru’s continuation from al-Muqtadir to al- Musta'sim. Transcribed in tbe reign of ^ab-Ruli, therefore not later than a.h. 850/1447. 20 Pictures), Damad Ibrahim 919 = Tauer 33 (likewise in tbe Majmu^ak i Hafiz i Abru, Witb tbe continuation. Transcribed probably in or about 885/1480-1), Dorn 264, 265 (a.h. 927/1521), 266 (ending witb death of Muhammad. Differing in many places from tbe preceding MS.), Rosen Institut 3 (a.h. 997/1588-9), 4 (a.h. 1018/1609-10), Yem 911 == Tauer 12 (2nd half only. 16tb cent.), Lindesiana p. 229 no. 128 (cixc. a.h. 1660), no. 812 (circ. 1620), no. 458 (imperfect.), Ivanow 1 (a.h. 1029/1620), 2 (18tb cent.), 3 (19tb cent.), Browne Pers. Cat. 39 (a.h. 1052/1642), Aumer 203 (old), Berlin 363 (ending in chapter on Abu Bake’s election), 364 (defective), 365, 366 (fragments), Breslau 17 (ending witb tbe conquest of Jerusalem), Bi^ara Semenov 24, 25, Filigel ii 829, Madras, Salemann-Rosen p, 12 no. 850*. For an illustrated copy of tbe Persian Tabari ascribed to tbe end of tbe 13tb century and belongnig to Mr. II. Kevorkian, see P. W. Schulz Die persischAslamische Miniaturmalerei, Leipzig 1914*, p. 74 and pi. H-K, and for some miniatures from a manuscript copied a.h. 874/1469 and belonging to Mr. A. Chester Beatty see tbe Catalogue of the International Exhibition of Persian Art, London, 1931, no. 476. 64 ti; HlSTOS-t-, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. ^ Editions: TmM i Tahari, Lucknow 1291/1874°*, ^ Cawn- pore 1896°V 191^* (described as a fiffcli edition). Extracts: (1) Extract from the Tarikh Tehry, containing a relation of ike seventy years captivity of the Jews [with. EngHsli translation] {The Oriental Miscellany, Calcutta 1798°* pp, 1-13). (2) Tarihh-e-Tahari. Translated into Persian by Ali Mohammad al BaVaini . . . The portion appointed for the Intermediate Arts Examination for 1903 a.d. . . . with . . . notes By Shaikh Abdul-Kadir, S. Surfraz, Bomh^f 1903°. French translations : (1) Ghronique d'Abou Djafar Mohammed Tabari . , . iraduite sur la version persane d^ Abou-Ali Mohammed Belami ... par L. Dubern. VoL i pp. 1-280 [extending to Shu^aib. No more published]. Paris 1836°* (Oriental Transla- tion Fund). (2) Chroniqne de Abou - Djafar - Mo'hammed - ben-Djarir-ben Yeztd Tahari, iraduite ^ sur la version persane d' Alou- AVi-Mo'hammed BeVami [and incorporating Dubeux’s earlier translation in a revised form but without his notes] . . . par H. Zotenberg. 4 vols. Paris 1867-74°* (Oriental Translation Fund). English translations of extracts: (1) see above under Extracts (1). (2) Essay to wards the history of Arabia antecedent to the birth of Mahommed arranged from the Tarikh Tehry, and other authentic sources. By Major David Price. London 1824°* (a rather free translation or abridgment). (3) [A few extracts relating, inter alia, to the tragedy at Karbala’, early ‘Abbasids etc.] Chronological retrospect, or Memoirs of the principal events of Mahommedan history, from the death of the Arabian Legislator, to the accession of the Emperor Akbar ... By Major D. Price (3 vols, London 1811-21°*) vol. i pp. 389-424 etc., vol. ii 29-53 etc. (freely translated or abridged). (4) [Bough MS. translation of portions relating to the early Muhammadan conquests etc. by Major H. G. Baverty] 1.0. MSS. Eur. D. 217 (and here and there in other volumes of Major Baverty’s translations). ^ TKese editions contain four volumes bound in one with continuous pagination. They are wrongly described in the British Museum Catalogue as containing vol. i only. They end with al-Mustaghir. A. GENEBAL HISTORY 65 Ottoman Tnrldst translations : For MSS. and for other infomation see Babinger Gesehichtssckreiher ■.der Osmamn pp. 66-7, 410. Editions: Stambnl 1260/1844, 1288/1871-2, BiHaq 1276/1858-9. Eastern Turkish translation written a.h. 928/1522 by Wahid! al-BaMi : Dorn 519 (a.h. 938/1532), Dorn A.M. p. 347. Arabic translations : (1) written a.h. 876/1471-2 ( ?), Browne Hand-list 189 (ending with the fall of the TJmaiyads), (2) written A.H. 935-7/1528-31 by Ehidr b. Khidr al-Amidi, Leyden Cat. cod. arab., 2nd ed., ii 826 (voL ii, ending with Marwan's death. For a fuller description see Kosegarten’s Taheristanensis . . . Annales, voL i, pp. xxiii-xxvi), (3) Ahlwardt 9424 ( ?). Urdu translation made for the use of students at the College of Fort WiUiam by JaTar Shah Eidawi b. S. Qamar al-Din ‘All (for whom see Garcin de Tassy ii 61-2) : Browne Hand- list 198-9 (ending with the fall of the Umaiyads). Modern revised edition by Maulawi Abu T-Qasim Simnani (an employee of F. Gladwin’s) based on the original, the several redactions of Bahami’s version and another dedicated to ‘Ubaid Allah Khan Shaibani : Bodleian 12 (defective, extending to A.H. 32/652-3), 13 (extending from Muhammad’s funeral to Marwan’s death, a.h. 1222/1807). Descriptions : (1) Taheristanensis . . . Annales , . . arabice eiidit , . . J. (?. L. Kosegarten, Greifswald 1831-53, vol. i, pp. x-xvi, (2) BaVamy's translation of the History of Tabary, and Ghazzdly's History of the Prophets by A. Sprenger {Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, vol. xvii (1848), pp. 437-71). 102. Abu Sa‘id [or Sa‘d] *AM al-Haiy b. al-Dahhak b. Mahmud Gardgzi was a contemporary of the Sultan of Ghazni, Zain al- MiUah ‘Abd al-Ra^id b. Mahmud (a.h. 440/1049-444/1053), to whom he dedicated his Zam aVahhbdr. Zain al-akhhdr^ a concise but valuable history, of which the extant portions deal, inter alia, with the ancient Persian kings, the Prophet, the early Caliphs, the history of Khurasan to 432/1041, chronological eras, Muhammadan, Jewish, Christian, 66 11. His-roiRir, i'TC. Zoroastrian and Hindu festivals, the Turkish race (an important chapter) and the Hindus : Browne Suppt. 743 (defective. A.H. 1093/1682h King’s 213), Bodleian 15 (believed to be a transcript of the preceding. a.h. 1196/1782). Edition (of the portion relating to the Tahirids, Saifarids, Samanids, and Ghaznawids, i.e. foil. 816-141u) : Kitah Zainu^l- AMtbar. Composed by Abu Sa^id ^Abdu %Hayy , . , Gardizi about 440 am. Edited [from the Cambridge M/S.] by Muhammad Nazim. Berlin 1928* (E. G. Browne Memorial Series, 1). Extracts relating to the Turks, Turkistan etc. : ( 1 ) W. Barthold Otchet 0 poyezdkye v Srednyuyu Aziyu (in the Zapiski of the Imp. Acad, of Sciences, Hist.-phil, Class, Series viii, voL i, no. 4, St. Petersburg 1897*), pp. 78-128 (with Russian translation), ( 2 ) Gardezi kezirati munkdjdnak a Tdrdkokrbl, Tibetiekrbl e$ Sirwmkrbl irt fejezetei. Kiadta, Magyar^a forditotta, Magyardzo jegyzetekhel s harom nevmutatoval Utta el Qrof Kuun Geza (Publica- tions de la Section Orientale de la Societe Ethnographique Hongroise, iv) Budapest 1903® (extracts relating to the Turks, Tibetans and Chinese with Hungarian translation by Geza Kuun).^ (3) W. Barthold Turkestan v epokhu mongolskago nashestviya, St. Petersburg 1900®*, i 1-18 (with corrections ii 513), but not in the English translation of this work. Translations : (1) [Rough MS. English translation by Major H. 6. Raverty of nearly the whole work as preserved in the Cambridge MS.] LO. MSS. Eur. D. 210-11. (2) [Extracts relating to the Turks etc. (Russian)] see above under Extracts (1) . (3) [Extracts relating to the Turks etc. (Hungarian)] see above under Extracts (2). Descriptions : ( 1 ) Ency. Isl under Gardizi (by W. Barthold), (2) W. Barthold Turkestan down to the Mongol invasion^ London 1928, pp. 20-1, (3) M. Nazim The life and times of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna, Cambridge 1931^ pp. 5-6. ^ See M. Nazim's observations on the date in his edition, p. 1. ^ Cf. Barthold’s statement in the Bncy, IsL under Gardizi : “ from this [Bodleian] MS. the chapter on the Turks has twice been edited (W. Barthold OtSet 0 poiezdke v Srednyuyu Aziyu, St. Petersburg 1897, p. 78 et seq, ; Geza Kuun, Keleti Kutfoh, 1898, p. 5 et seq. and Keleti Szemle, 1903, p. 17 et seg.) and translated (into Russian and Hungarian}.” A. GEKEBAL HISTOBY 67 For the relation of Gardezfs work to al-SaUamf s lost Arabic Ta'nJA wulat Khurasan (cf. W, Bartbold Turkestan 'iown io the Mongolinvasion 10-11) and for Ms information on Saffarid Hstory see W. Bartbold Zicr GescMchte der Sqffdriien ■ {hi Orientalische Studien Theodor Noldeke . . . gewidmety Giemm 1906, vol. i pp* 171-91). [Ency, Isl, under Gardizi.] 103. An unknown autbor, wbo tells us that he was the grand- son of a certain Muhallab b. M. b. Shadi, that he had written a work on the history of the Barmecides and that he had Yisited the tombs of the Prophets Daniel, Ezekiel and Jonah, an ancient fortress in Persia and an ancient building in Babylonia, wrote his Mujmal al-tawdrtJA wa-l-qisas in 520/1126 when Bahram- Shah the Ghaznawid was on the throne. Mujmal ahtawdrl^ wa-l-qisa$y a concise history extend- ing from the Creation to a.h. 520/1126, the date of composi- tion, in the time of Sanjar, and containing chapters of value on the ancient Persian kings, on India, on the Turks and on the titles of the Eastern rulers : Blochet i 245 (only the first 25 chapters, a.h. 813/1410), Extracts : (1) [on the Pre-Islamic Persian dynasties] Extraits du Modjmel al-Teivarikh relatifs d Vhistoire de la Perse, traduits par M. Jules Mohl (in the Journal asiatique, 3e s4rie, tome xi (Jan.-June 1841) pp. 136-78, 258-301, 320-61, tome xii (July- Dee. 1841) pp. 497-536, tome xiv (July-Dee. 1842) pp. 113-52, 4e serie, tome i (Jan.-June 1843) pp. 385-432)^ [Persian text with French translation]. (2) J. T. Keinaud Fragments ardbes et persons inedits relatifs d VInde, Paris 1845®*, pp. 1-54 {^Journal asiaiique, 4e serie, tome iv (July-Dee. 1844) pp. 131-84) [Persian text with French translation], (8) [Notices of Samanid amirs] Description topographique et Mstorique de Boukhara par Mohammed Nerchakhy . . , Texte person public par 0. Sekefer, Paris 1892®*, pp. 97-9. (4) [A short section on the Turks and a list of the titles of Eastern rulers] W. Barthold Turkestan v epokhu mongolskago nashestviya, St. Petersburg lOOG*^*, i pp. 19-20. ^ A article promised by H, Mohl does not seem to have appeared. 68 IL HISTORYj BIOGRAPHY, ETC* Descriptions : ( 1 ) De Vouvrage persan qui a pour titre Moid^^ attawarilck . , . ^^Sommaire des Mstoires^^ . . . par M. . [E.] Quatremere (in the Journal a$iatique, Ses&cie^toiooL, vii (Jan.-June 1839), pp. 246-85. In tMs article are translated nearly the whole of the first seven chapters and portions of the ninth relating to the Adikanians and the Sasanians down to Shapur Dhu 1-aktaf). (2) Elliot B,nd Bowson History of India, i 100-112 (with English translation of Eeinand’s extracts) . (3) W. Barthold Turkestan down to the Mongol invasion^ London 1928, pp. 26«-7. 104. Slinhaj [al-Din] Abu 'Umar 'U^man K Siraj [al-Din] M. Juzjani must have been born in 589/1193, since he says that he was 18 years of age when, in 607/1210-11, he witnessed the sla 3 dng of Malik Rukn al-Din Ma^ud at Eiruzkoh. His father was appointed Qddl of the army of Hindustan by Mu'izz al-Din M. b. Sam in 582/1186-7, and was subsequently summoned from Firuzkoh to Bamiyan by Sultan Baha’ al-Din Sam, who made himQoM and Khatih of his kingdom. Minhaj al-Din was brought up in the harem of the Princess Mah i Mulk, a daughter of Ghiyath al-Dm M. b. Sam (Sultan of ^lor a.h. 558/1 162- 599 /1202). In 622/1226 and again in 623/1226 he was sent from Ghor as an envoy to Sultan Taj al-Din Myaltigin at Nimruz. In 623/1226 he left for India and in 624/1227 reached U^chh, the capital of Nasir al-Din Qubachah, where he was appointed Principal of the Madrasah i Firuzi. In the next year, after the overthrow of Quba^ah by Sultan Shams al-Din Iltutmi^ (reigned 607/1211-633/1235), he followed the latter to Delhi, and held high legal offices under him. In 639/1241-2 he was made Qddi of the realm of Bahram Shah (reigned a.h. 637/1239- 639/1241). In 640/1242-3 he went to Lakhnauti and after staying there for two years returned to Delhi. Soon afterwards he was appointed Principal of the Nasiriyah College and QoM of Gwalior. He was Chief Justice from 649/1251 to 651/1263 under Nasir al-Dxn Mahmud Shah (reigned a.h. 644/1246- 664/1265), was then disgraced, but was restored in 653/1253. He apparently lived into the reign of l^iyath al-Din Balban (a.h. 664/1266-686/1287). Tabaqdt i Nddri^ written maioly, it seems, in 667/1259 and A. GENERAL HISTORY 69 658/1260, dedicated to Iltutmi^’s son Nasir al-Din Matmnd Shall and divided into 23 tahaqat ((1) Patriarchs and Prophets, (2) the first four Caliphs etc., (3) Umaiyads, (4) ■ AbMsids, (5) Early Persian Kings, (6) Tubba's and Kings of the Yemen, (7) TahirM (8) Saffarids, (9) Samanids, (10) Dailamis, (11) Subuktiginids, (12) Saljuqs, (13) Sanjarids, (14) Kings of Nimruz and Sistan, (15) Kurdish Kings, (16) Khwarazm-Shahs, (17) Shansabanids and Kings of Gh5r, (18) Shansabanids of Tutta-* ristan, (19) Shansabanids of Ghazni, (20) Mu'izzids of Hindustan, (21) Shamsid Sultans of Hindustan, (22) the Shamsi Maliks or vassals of the Shamsi Sultans, (23) disasters of Islam and invasion of the infidel Mongols) : iv p. 163 no. 7928, Eien i 716 (slightly defective. 14th cent.), 736 (slightly defective. 16th cent.), iii 881a (lacunae. Circ. A.n. 1860), Berlin 367 (a.h. 814/ 1411-2. Written for Baysunqur. Two Pictures), Bodleian 16 (n.d.), 17 (an abridgment, a.h. 1158/1745), 10. 3745 (A.H. 1002/1593), Eth6 14 (a.h. 1113/1702), 15 (sHghtly defective), IBankipur vi 451 (slightly defective. 16th cent.), Lindesiana p. 187 no. 397 (a.h. 1059/1649), Blochet i 246 (17th cent.), 247 (17th cent.), Ivanow Curzon 1 {Tabaqahs v-xi complete, parts of xii, xiii, xv, xvi. 17th cent.), Asafiyah i p. 246 nos. 273 (a,h. 1276/1869-60), 293 (a.h. 1227/1812), Aumer 204 (fairly old), Chanykov 68 (incomplete), E.A.S. P. 25 = Morley 12. Edition (Tabaqdt xi and xvii-xxiii only) : Calcutta 1863-4*^* {Bibliotheca Indiea, Edited by W. N. Lees, Khadim Husain and 'Abd al-Haiy). Extract : Siydsat al-amsdr fl tajribat al-a^sdr dar tdnkh i Al i Chifigzz (pp. 88) : [Bombay, 1890^’*']. English translation (omitting Tabaqdt i-vi) : Tabahdt-i- Ndsiri , . . Translated . . . by H, G. Raverty, Calcutta 1873- 81^^* ^ {Bibliotheca Indiea). Major Eaverty’s rough MS. trans- lations at the I.O. include some passages (on the ancient Persian kings, for example) not printed in this translation. Description and 118 pp. of translated extracts from tabaqahs ^ For a criticism of tiiis translation seo Barthold Ttirhestan dhwn to the Mongol invasion^ London 1938, pp. 60-1. 70 11 . HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. xi, xvii, and ziz-xxii ^ : Elliot and Dowson History of India ii 259-383. [Talaqai i Na^irl pp. 88, 143 etc. ; AMbdr al-akhyar (I.O.MS. D.P. 572 fol. 716) ; Biography compiled for Sir H. M. Elliot mainly from the Tabaqat by Diya’ al-Din Ahmad “ Naiyir ” (Eieu iii 8816) ; Morley 12 ; Elliot and Dowson loc. cit. ; Eieu i 72 ; Eaverty’s translation pp. xk-xxxi, idem in J.A.8.B. li, 1882, p. 76; Bankipur Pers. Cat. vi 451; Ency. Isl. under Djuzdjani.] 105. Nasix al-Din ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umar al-Baidai^d, best known as the autW of the Arabic commentary on the Qwr’aw entitled Anwar aJrtanzil (see Brockelmann i 417 and Ency. Isl.), was Chief Justice at Shiraz and afterwards lived at Tabriz, where he died in 684/1285-6 or 685/1286-7 or 692/1292-3 or after 710/1310-11 or in 716/1316-17. Nizam al-tawarikJis a brief sketch of general history written in 674/1275 (but with later additions) and divided into four qisms ((1) Adam to Noah, (2) Pi^dadians to Sasanians, (3) Muhammad and the Caliphs, (4) Saffarids, Ghaznawis and Ghuris, Dailamis, Saljuqs, Sal^uns, Isma'ilis, Ehwarazm-Shahs and Mongols) : H.Kh. vi p. 354 no. 13846, Aya Sufiyah 3606 (2) = Tauer 13 (ends with Abaqa. a.h. 748/1347), Eawan Eo^hkii 1623 = Tauer 14 (a.h. 962/1554-6), Leyden iii p. 1 (a.h. 965/ 1557-8), Rieo ii 8236 (16th cent.), iii 882a (a.h. 1264/1848), 10666 (defective. a.d. 1839), Blochet i 248 (16th cent.), 249 (16th cent.), 250 (hist, of Mongols continued to a.h. 739. 17th cent.), 251 (17th cent.), 262 (extends to a.h. 739. 17th cent.), Bodleian 18-22 (the last, abridged, dated a.h. 1033/1624), Edinbni^h 412 (a.h. 1011/1602-3 or thereabouts), de Jong 176 i (ending with the Saljuqs. a.h. 1034/1624-5), Ethd 16 (defective. Not later than 17th cent.), Niir i ‘Uthmamyah 3460 = Tauer 15 (17th cent.), Fatih 4213 = Tauer 16 (ends with tJljaytu. 17th cent.), Ei^a PUsha 234 = Tauer 17 (17th or 18th cent.), ]ata,san Husnl = Tauer 18 (a.h. 1214/1800), Lindesiana p. 126 no. 438 (circ. A.D. 1810), A^afiyah iii p. 110 no. 1399, Browne Suppt. 1595 (Trinity = Palmer p. 75), Chanykov 67, D.M.G. 73 (tran- ^ The transla-tore were a vmn^ and J, Dowson* A. GBNEBAI 4 HISTOBY 71 script of tile Hamburg MS.), Flligel ii 825, HamTburg 231 (1) (2) (European transcript), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (see Oriental College Magazine, voL ii, no. 3 (May 1926), p. 56), Hpsala 235, 236 (defective at end). Abridgment (continued to Abti Sa'id) : Rieu ii 871a (a.h. 813/ 1410*^14/1411). Edition: Nizam^iit-fawarikh . . . with introduction and indices by Hakim Sayyid Shams-ullahQadn, Haidarabad 1930^ (Historical Society of Hyderabad. Historical Text Books Series. No. 1). English translation of extracts (on the ^aznawids) : Elliot eindDo-wson History of India ii 256-8, Descriptions : (1) Uordre des chroniques, ou chronologic de Vhistoire,par le Cadhi BeMJiawi . . . , Par A. L Silvestrede Sacy (in Notices et extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliothegue nationale, tome iv (Paris, An 7 [== 1798]), pp. 672-99), (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India ii 252-8. Turkish translations : (1) by Abti T-Eadl M. al-Daftari b. Idris Bidlisi (d. a.h. 987/1579-80 or thereabouts) : see Babinger GescMchtsschreiber der Osmanen igig, 28-1 , (2) Rieu Turk. Cat. p. 236 (possibly identical with the preceding). [Brockelmann i 417; Ency. 14. under Baidawi, etc.] 106. Rashid al-Din Fadl Allah b. Tmad al-Daulah Abi ’LKhair al-Hamadani was born, probably at Hamadan, circ. 645/1247-8. He became physician to the Mongol Sultan Abaqa Khan (reigned A.H. 663/1265-680/1281) and in 697/12 wazlr to Ghazan Khan (reigned a.h. 694/1295-703/1304). He was wazlr also to Uljaytti (reigned a.h. 703/1304-716/1316) and built a fine suburb, called Ra^idiyah, in Sultaniyah, the new capital. In the reign of Abu Sa'id the intrigues of his enemies caused him to be first deprived of his office (a.h. 717/1317) and then (a.h. 718/1318) put to death at Tabriz on a charge of having poisoned Uljaytu. In addition to his great history he wrote (1) ahMajmu'at al-BaslMlyah, a collection of four works entitled (a) ahTaudlhdt, (6) Miftdh ahtafdsw, {c) al-Sultdmyah, {d)Lata'if aVTmqd'ig (for the contents of which see Quatremere’s Histoire des Mongols de la Perse, pp. cxiv-cxx, exlix-clv, and Browne 72 II. HISTOBY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. Lit Hist iii 75-80), (2) ahItMr ob raral ecoaomy etc., wMch is apparently lost (see Quatremere oj9. a??, pp. cxii- cxiv, clvi-clviii), and (3) Baym al-haqd'iq, also lost (see Qiiatre- meie, op. citypp, cxxx-cxxxi, cIy-cM). The four works com-- m al-RaMilyah, or the Arabic versions of them, are preserved at Paris in a fine MS. written in 710/1310 (de Slane 2324). The Miftdh aUaf dsn is preserved at Cairo (with a supplement entitled Nafd'is ahafkdr ; see the catalogue, vol. vi, p. 200) and the Persian version of the LatWif ahhaqffiq at Paris (ancien fonds, persan 107). For a valuable collection of some 52 of his letters {Munshddt i Ra^M) see Browne Coll, pp, 146-7 (cf. Browne Lit Hist hi 80-6). An abridged English translation of these letters has been prepared by Prof. M. Shafi' and will, it is hoped, be published. A MS. containing 25 of Ra^id al-Din’s letters belonging to the Rousseau collection in the Leningrad Public Library is mentioned m Quatrem^re’s Histoire des Mongols de la Perseyp. cxx. JdmP ahtawdfikh^ begun by order of GhazanA.H. 700/1300-1 and completed a.h. 710/1310-11, a general history of the world from the earhest times to a.h. 700/1300-1, with a special account of the Mongols to a.h. 703/1303-4 or 705/1305-6 ^ (to a.h. 712/ 1312-13, according to Wassaf (Quatremere p. Ixxi), in the case of -the life of IJljaytu, which, however, seems to occur only in one of the recorded MSS. (at MaAhad) ^) divided originally ^ (and in most, if not all, of the surviving MSS.) into three volumes, viz. (I) called TdrlM i Gh dmm in two 6a6s, {a) Account of the Turkish and Mongol tribes, (6) History of Chingiz Khan, his ancestors and successors down to ^azan, (11) also in two hdhs (a) History of tJljaytu, absent from all the recorded MSS, except ^ A continuation to the end of Abu Sa‘id*s reign was written (probably by 5a.fi?. i AbrCi) at the command of Shab-BuHi and is found in some of the MSS. A continuation by Hafi? i Abru covering the years a.h. 706-795 (i.e. the interval between the end of the Jdmi‘ al-tawdrlMk beginning of Nizam i Shamfs Zafar-immah) is to be found in the Ma^mii^cdh i Hafiz i Abru, ® See Barthold Turkestan p. 47, n. 4, Bulletin de VAoad,, 1924, p. 247 foil. ® In the author’s own list of his works (Quatremere pp. cxlvii-clxxv) a division into four volumes is substituted, the second volume being divided into two. A. GENERAL HISTORT 73 apparently one at Mashbad, (6) General Mstory of the world in a muqaddimah (on the Patriarchs and Prophets) and two qisms^ viz. (1) Pre-Islamic kings of Persia, (2) History of Muhammad and the Caliphate, the Islamic dynasties of Persia (Qhaznawids, Saljuqs, Khwarazm-Shahs. Sal^nrids, Isma'ilis), O^uz and the Turks, the Chinese, the Jews, the Franks, the Indians with a long account of Bnddha, (IH) on geography (perhaps never written) : ii p. 509, RawanKoshkii 1518 == Tauer 19 (^roL i only (?). A.H. 717/1317), Blochet i 254 (vol. i only, defective at both ends and elsewhere. Many Pictures (described by Blochet in Revue des hiblioiheques, 1899, p. 46 and in Les enluminures des manuscrits orientaux de la BihliotMque nationale, Paris 1926, pp. 76-78, pL xxiii-xxviii). 1st half of 14th cent.), 255 (vol. i only, followed by the appendix (dhail) on the reigns of tlljaytu and Abu Sa'id. a.h. 837 /1433-4, transcribed for Shah- Ruli.), 266 (vol. i to the death of Chingiz Khan. 1st half of 14th cent.), 257-8 (vol. ii, second half (Fatimids of Egypt, Isma^ilis of Alamiit, O^uz and the Turks, the Chinese, India, the Ghaznawids, Saljuqs, Khwarazm-Shahs and Sal^urids). 19th cent., transcribed from a copy written for Ulu^ Beg.), 448 {Tuzuk i Ghdzdn Khdn^ i.e. the third qism of the ddstdn relating to Ghazan, defective at end. Late 14th cent.), Rieu i 78a (vol. i, latter half (from Juji to Ghazan). 14th cent.), 74a (vols. i-ii. Transcribed for Shah-Euli, not later than A.H. 837/1433), 79a (part of vol. ii (history of China, Europe, India), a.b. 1828), iii 882a (part of vol. ii (Ghaznawids, Saljuqs, Khwarazm-Shahs, Sal^urids, Isma'ilis (defective at end), latter part of history of Europe and most of the history of India*). Circ. A.D. 1850), 8826 (account of India. a.h. 1267/1851), 883a (part of the account of India, a.h. 1267/1851), 8836 (history of China, Europe, India. 19th cent ), Suppt. 25 (yol. i. a.h. 994/ 1586), 26 (vol. i, followed by the appendix: on tlljaytu and Abu Said. A.H. 1030/1621), Bagdad Ko^kii 282 = Tauer 32 (in the Majmu'ah i Hafiz i Abru. Followed by Hafiz i Abru's continuation (dhail) relating to a.h. 706/1306—7 — ^795/1393. Transcribed in the reign of Shah-RuHi, therefore not later than 1 The subdivMons of vol. ii are given somewhat difierently in the author’s preface and the different MSS. do not agree exactly. 74 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. AM, 850/1447), Damad BraMm 919 = Taiier 33 (in the Maj- mil ah i Hafiz i Abru, Followed by Hafiz i Abril's continuation* Transcribed probably in or about A.H. 885/1480-1), NQr i ^Uthmaniyah 3271 = Tauer 383 (only (Hafiz i Abru's) continua- tion on the reigns of tJljaytu and Abu Said. 15th cent.), Ivanow 4 (yoI. i, part of Bab ii, roughly equivalent to the portion edited by Blochet in the Gibb Memorial Series. Pictures. Late 9th/15th or early 10th/16th cent.), 5 (modern copy of the preceding), Dom 289 (vol. i. a.e. 935/1528-9. Pictures), Bodleian 23 (vol. i (including IJljaytu ?). a.h. 944/1537), Aumer 207 (vol. i. A.H. 952/1545-6 and (the 3rd gism of the section on Ghazan) a.h. 1015/1606-7), 208 (fragments), HaMm-Oj^lu ‘AH Pasha 703 = Tauer 35 (vol. i. 16th cent.), Eth6 17 (vol. i. N.d.), 2828 ^ (vols. i-ii, lacking the reigns of Takudar, Ar^un, GailAatu and ®azan but otherwise fairly complete. a.h. 1081- 2/1671), iii 3004 (account of India only. In W. H. Morley’s hand), Fliigel ii 957 (last third of vol. i (Hulagu to Ghazan). Old.), 958 (a supplement (from Qhazan’s death to a.h, 820/1417) composed for Shah-Euli. a.d. 1827), Rosen Inst. 7 (vol. ii, Qism % defective at the end and elsewhere, preceded by the Pre-Islamic history from Hafiz i Abru’s Majma' (Zubdat) al- tawanM,^ Not a good copy), Leningrad Pub. Lib. (vol. ii, Qism 2, preceded by the Pre-Islamic history from Hafiz i Abru’s Majma' {Zubdat) aHawdrlMi (cf. Eosen Inst. 7 above). Two copies. See Mdanges asiatiques iii 727, nos. 9 and 10, and Eosen, Inst. p. 97), Mus. Asiat. (vol. ii, Qism 2, preceded by the Pre- Islamic history from Hafiz i Abru’s Majma' (Zubdat) aVtawdrlM, A.H. 1267/1851. See Melanges asiatiques vi pp. 120-1, Eosen, Inst. p. 54), Dom A.M. p. 205 (vol. i), Tashkent (see Barthold Turhestan, London 1928, p. 48, n. 2, Zapiski VosL Otdyel Arkh, Ob, XV 232. In this MS. the proper names occurring in genea- logies are transcribed in Uigur letters), Lindesiana p. 209 no. 406 ^ This is the MS. on which E. G. Browne’s description of the Jami' al- tawdnMk in the J.B.A,S. for 1908 is mainly based. Eth6 describes the MS. at considerable length. ^ “In 828 = 1424-1425 Hafiz-i Abru by order of Shahrnldi published a new edition of the DjdmV al-TawdrM ; the portion of the book then considered lost ” [i.e. the Pre-Islamic history] ** was replaced by the 'first part of the al-Tawdn]^ ” (Emy, IsL under 5afi9-i Abru). A, CEHEBAL EISTOBY (an abridged version (?) described 1908 p. 35) as con- taining tbe Hstory of Pre-Islamic Persia and Axabia^ of the Jews, the Greeks, the Roman Empire to a.h. 717/1317, including the Popes, and of the Chinese. Giro. A.n. 1800), no. 3646 (the account of Buddha. Circ. A.i). 1800), Chanykov 62 (a.h. 1256/ 1840), Ma^hai iii p. 82 ^ (voh i old, voL ii dated a.h. 1300/ 1882-3). Arabic version^: Edinburgh 20^ (277 foil. (1-3 and 70-108 missing) containing the accounts of the Prophets (incomplete), Pre-Islamic Persian Mugs, the Prophet and the Caliphs (a.h. 1-122 missing), the Ghaznawids, the Saljuqs and the Khwarazm-Shahs (defective at end). 70 Pictures (for which see E. R. Martin The miniature fainting and painters of Persia^ etc., London 1912, vol. i, figs. 12-15, T. W. Arnold Painting in Isla^n, Oxford 1928, pi. xix, XX, liii, E. Blochet Musulman painting, London 1929, pi. liii-lviii, T. W. Arnold and A. Grohmann The Islamic booh, London 1929, pi. 41, Catalogue of the International Exhibition of Persian Art, London 1931, no. 537a, Binyon, Wilkinson and Gray Persian miniature painting, Oxford 1933, pp. 44-6). a.h. 707/1307-8), B.A.S. A. 27 =Morley 1 ^ (59 foil, containing frag- ments of the history of the Prophet, the end of the history of China, most of the account of India and a fragment of the history of the Jews. With interlinear Persian translation. 100 Pictures (for which see JRAS. vi (1841), plate facing p. 20, Martin op. eit. vol. ii pi. 27-32, Blochet op. xlviii-lii, Catalogue of the Internatioml Exhibition of Persian no. 537b, B. Gray Persian painting, London 1930, pp. 40-3, Binyon, Wilkinson and Gray op. eit. pp. 45-6). A.H. 714/1314-15. Originally part of the same MS. as Edinburgh 20), Bodleian MS. Arab. b. 1 (part of the history of China), Aya §ufiyali 3034 (see Tauer p. 93 n.). 1 This is presumably the copy containing the history of Uljaytu which “ was found in 1923 by Ahmad Zaki Walidi in the Library of Meshhed ” (Barthold, Turkestan, London 1928 p. 47, n. 4, where a reference is given to Bull de rAcad., 1924, p. 247 sq.). 2 Eaiiid al-Din “ translated all Ms Persian works into Arabic, and all his Arabic works into Persian, and took steps to ensure that copies of all his works in both languages should be made annually*’ (Barthold Turkestan p. 4b), * Of. D. PorbeS’s description in JBA8* vi (1841) pp. 33-9. * A fuller description was given by Morley in JBAS. vi (1841) pp. 11-32. 76 II. HISTOBY, BIOGBABHY, ETC. Extracts : (1) [tlie account of the TurMsli and Mongol tribes (i.e. Bah 1) and the history of Chingiz Khan from 2 of yoL i with many omissions Sbornik lyetopiseL Istoriya Mongolov, socMnenie Rashid-Eddina. Vvedenie : o TuretsUJch i Mongolslihh fhmemhh Perevod s PersidsJcago, s vvedeniem i frimyeehamyami, L N. Berezina [Persian text with Eussian translation by I. N. Berezin]. (In Trudy Vostochnago Otdyeleniya Imperatorshago Arlcheologicheslcago Obshchestm, pts. 5, 7, 13, 15, St. Petersburg 1858-88®* (I.O. lacks pt. 15).) (2) [From the accession of Ogotay to the death of Timur (XJljaytu), the grand- son of Qubilay, being part of Bah 2 of voL i] Djami el Tivarilch, histoire generale du monde far Eadl Allah Rashid ed-Din, Tarikh4 Mouharehi Qhazani, histoire des Mongols, Edith far E, Blochet, Tome II, Oontenant V histoire des emfereurs mongols successeurs de Tchinkhiz Khaghan, London 1911®* (Gibb Memorial Series, Yol. xviii, 2). (3) [the history of Hulagu together with the preface to the whole work and the latter part of the preface to vol. i] Histoire des Mor^ols de la Perse, ecrite en fersan far Raschid-Eldin, fublih, traduite en franeais, accomfagnee de notes et Tun memoire sur la vie et les ouvrages de V auteur far M, Quatremere, Tome i (no more published), Paris 1836°* (Collection orientale. Manuscrits inedits de la Bibliotheque Eoyale).^ ( 4 ) [from Htilagu’s arrival at Tus to his capture of Ba^dM, being the bare Persian text reprinted from pp. 180-314 of the 1836 edition] Extrait de V Histoire des Mongols de Raschid- EUin fubliee far M, Quatrermre, Texte fersan d Vusage des eleves de VEcole des Langues Orientates Vivantes, Paris 184-4® (pp. 135-172), ( 5 ) [the whole of the bare Persian text of the ^ Cf. Blochet JntroduGtioTi p. 1 : Fhistoire des tribus, celle des ancetser de Tcbinkkiz et celle du Conqu4rant du Monde ont ete imprimees en partie, avec de nombreuses coupures qui enl^vent tout interSt a ce travail, a Saint- Petersbourg, avec une traduction annotee, par Berezine . . 2 Cf. Kritische Beurtheilung der von Herrn Quatremere herausgegebenen Histoire des Mongols de la Perse von Franz von Erdmann, Kazan 1841® (see Zenker i 912). Cf. also Gotha 367 (in the Erganzungsheft) : Abhandlung liber RascMdeddin dessen Geschichte der Mongolensultane und Quatremte's Ausgabe, nebst Textverbesserungen und Exoerpte aus Quatremere’s Ausgabe. Ein Convolut in folio. Ferner eine Sammlung der die Geographie betreffenden Stellea aus Easchideddin. A. GEHERAJL HISTORY 77 chapter on Hiilagu and the prefaces reprinted from pp. 4-422 of the 1836 edition] Extmits de VHistoire des Mongds de Raschid- Eldin, Texte persan. Paris 1847°* (137 pp.)*^ (6) [extracts relating to Mazandaranj Gilan etc.] in B. Dorn Muhammedanische Quellen zur Geschichte der sudlichen Kustenlander des Kaspischen Meeres, Si Petersburg 1850-8°*, Theil iv, pp. 131-153. Translations : (1) [Russian translation of the account of the Turkish and Mongol tribes and the history of Chingiz Khan] see above Editions : (1). (2) VolhtaendigeVehersichtdsrmltesten tiierhischen, tatariscTien und mogholischen Voelkerstaemyne nach Raschid-ud-dird s Vorgange hearleitet von E, von Erdmann, Kazan, 1841°*. (3) [French translation of the life of Hulagu] see above Editions : (3), (4) Description de lu Ghim sous le regne de la dynastie mongole traduite du persan de Rachid-eddin et accompagnee de notes par M, J. Klaproth, Paris 1833°. (5) [extract from the account of China] V. Rosen Les manu- scrits persans de VInstitiit des Langues Orientales, St, Petersburg 1886°*, pp. 107-9. (6) [English translation of extracts from parts of the account of India] Elliot Bibliographical index pp. 28-47, and, in a revised version, Elliot and Dowson History ofindiai, 44-73 [cf . An endeavour to elucidate Rashiduddin's geographical notices of India by H. Yule in JRAS„ n.s. iv (1870) pp. 340-356]. (7) [Eng- lish translation of Ea^d al-Din’s account of Kazan’s administra- tive system, not indeed as given in the Jdmi‘ al4awdri& itself but as abridged therefrom in the Habib ahsiyar and in Tnayat Allah’s Dilgu^] The Institutes of Ohdzdn Khan, Emperor of the Moghuls, By Captain William Kirkpatrick (in The New Asiatic Miscellany, voL i, Calcutta 1789°*, pp. 149-226). Major H. G. Raverty’s rough MS. English translations at the India Office include Ra^Id al-Din’s account of the Turkish and Mongol tribes, part of his account of India and various other extracts. Descriptions : (1) Morley Descriptive catalogue, pp. 1-11 ; (2) Elliot Bibliographical index, pp. 1-47 ; (3) Elliot and Dowson History of India iii 1-21 ; (4) Fliigel ii 957, where references are given to some of the older European sources of information ; ^ This text, iike the preceding, was issued for the use of students at the ^leoie des Langues Orientales Vivantes. 78 II. HISTOEY, BIOGBAJPHY, ETC. (5) Suggestions for a complete edition of the Jdmi^u %tawariJch of RasMdu 'd-Din FadMllak By E, G. Browne {in. the JRAS. 1908, pp. 17-87); (6) Bloohet Introduction d Mongols par Fadl Allah Rachid ad-Din, Gibb Mem. Sex. 1910 (cf. Barthold’s remw in Mir Islama i (1912) pp. 56-107) ; (7) Browne Lit Hist iii pp. 68-87 ; (8) W. Barthold Turkestan down to the Mongol invasion, London 1928, pp. 44-8. [Autobiographical information from the Jdmi' al-tawdrlTch and from al-Majmu'at alRaimdUyah (de Slane 2324) as well as information from the Tdrllch i Wassdf, the TdrXkh i Guzidah, and other sources is given in the MSmoire sur la vie et les ouvrages de Raschid-eldin prefixed by Quatremere to his Histoire des Mongols de la Perse, where also will be found, on pp. cxlvii-clxxv, the Persian text of Ra^id al-Din’s list of his own works (see also Quatremere’s article in the Journal des savants, 1850, pp. 515-522, and the letters of Morley and D. Forbes in the JRAS, vi (1841) 11-41 and vii (1843) 267-272); Ibn Hajar aVDurar al-hdminah, Haidarabad 1348-1350, iii 232 ; Daulat^ah 217 ; Hablh al-siyar iii, 1, 113-15 ; Ibn al-*Imad Shadhardt al-dhahah (Cairo 1350-1) vi 44-5; Elliot Bibliographical index pp. 1-47 ; Elliot and Dowson History of India iii 1-21 ; Fliigel ii 957, where references are given to some of the older European sources of information ; Brockelmann ii 200 ; Blochet Introduction d Vhistoire des Mongols par Fadl Allah Rachid ad-Din, 6.M.S. 1910, and Barthold’s review in Mir Islama, i (1912), pp. 56-107 ; Browne Lit, Hist, iii, pp. 68-87, etc. ; W. Barthold Tufkestayi down to the Mongol invasion, Eng. trans., London 1928, pp. 44-8.] 107. Abu 1-Qasim ‘AM AHah b. ‘Ali b. M. al-Qashani, the author of a life of Ulja}i}u (see Aya §ufiyah 3019 == Tauer 382, Schefer 1419, Siissheim Das Geschenh aus derSeldschukengeschichte, p. xi, Blochet Introduction d Vhistoire des Mongols, p. 113, and an article by W. Barthold in the Zapiski of the Russian Archaeological Society, voL xvin, p. 0119), claims to be the real author of the JdmV ahtciwdrikh (see Barthold Turkestan down to the Mongol invasion, pp. 46-7). A. GENERAL HISTORY Zuhdat al-tawdnl^ (?),^ compiled in Uljaytu's reign (a.h. 703/1304.-716/1316), a general history from Adam to the fall of Bagdad in a muqaddimah (Pre-Islamic history) and two qisms {(1) Pre-Mamie kings of Persia, (2) From Muhammad onwards) : H.Kh. iii p, 536 no. 6809, Berlin 368 (to a.h. 63/682-3). 108. Mkpay b. Mas^M b. M. b. Mas'ud probably lived at the end of the 7th/13th and the beginning of the 8th/14th century. A general history consisting of extracts from Tabari, the Muntamm of Ibn al-Jauzi, Juwaini, the Nizmn ahtawdriM and other works and divided into four books ((1) (2) Pre-Islamic Pensia, (3) Pre-Islamic Arabia, Muhammad, the Caliphs to the fall of Bagdad, (4) dynasties contemporary with the 'Abbasids) : Blochet i 253 (16th cent.). Description with translations of a number of passages relating mainly to the Sasanians : Histoire des Rots de Perse, de$ Khalifes, de plusieurs dynasties, et de Genghizlchan, ^ar NiJebi hen Massoud. Par M, Silvestre de Sacy (in Notices et extraits des nianiiscrits de la Bihliotheque du Roi, tome ii, Paris 1789, pp. 315-385). 109. FaMir al-Din Abu Sulaiman Dawud b. Abi T-Fa(Ji M. Banakati received in 701/1301-2 from the Mongol ruler Ghazan ]&an the title of Malik al-^u‘ara'. He died in 730/1329-30. Raudat ull U-alhdhfi tawdriM ahakdhir wa-l-ansab^^ usually called the TdrlM i BamkaU, a history from Adam to the (o£6.cial) accession of Abu Sa'id in 717/1317, the date of composition, divided into nine qisms and mainly abridged from the Jdmi' al-tawdr%kh : H.|^. ii p. 121 no. 2182, iii p. 499 no. 6635, Aya §Myali 3026 = Tauer 20 (a.h. 746/1345), Leyden v p. 228 no. 2634 (a.h. 962/1554-5), Browne Siippt. 716 (A.H. 980/1572-3. King’s 108), Eieu i 796 (a.h. 1004/1595), 806 (A.H. 1004/1596), iii 8836 (a.h. 1262/1846), Blochet ^ Tins is the title by which Mir Khwand cites the work. 80 II. HISTOEY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. i 259 (a.h. 1013/1604-5), 260 (19tli cent.), Bodleian 24 (a.h. 1088/1677), 25 (n.d.), 264 — Tauer 21 (a.h. 1093/ 1682), Lindesiana p. 126 no. 368 {c, a.d. 1790), BinMpar vi 452 (a.h. 1233/1817-18), Browne Coll. G. 6 (10) = Hontnna-Scliindler 3 (defective at both ends. a.h. 1272/1855-6 ?), Miigel ii 826 ziemlich alt A§afiyah i p. 240 no. 494, ‘Ato p. 114 no. 254, Berlin 369, Dom A.M. p. 143, Ethd 18, Majlis 255, Nur i ‘namaniyali 3088, E.AJS* P. 26-r7 = Morley 13-14, Salemann- Eosen p. 16 no. 285. Edition (Qism viii only) : Ahdallae Beidavaei [sic] Historia Simnsis . . . edita^ Latins quoqm reddita ah A. Mullero . . . Berlin 1677 ^ (see Zenker i 857), Jena 1689°. English Translation (Qism viii only) : A Chinese Chronicle ; hy Ahdalla of Beyza [sic] Translated . , . hy S. Weston, London 1820°*. Major H. G. Eaverty’s rough MS. translations at the India OflS.ce include some extracts from Banakati. Latin Translation (Qism viii only) : see above under Edition. Prench Translation (small portion of Qmn viii only) : Quatremere Histoire des Mongols de la Perse, Paris 1836°*, pp. Ixxxvi-xc. Descriptions : (1) Hammer-Pnrgstall Wmier Jahrbiicher, vol, Ixix, Anz. Bl. p. 33, (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India iii 55-9, (3) Browne Lit, Hist, iii 100-3, (4) Barthold Turkestan, London 1928, p. 49. [Autobiographical statements in the Raudat ull 1-albdb (see Rieu i 795) ; Daulat^ah pp. 227-9 ; Habib al-siyar iii, 1, p. 113 ; Haft iqUm, no. 1531 ; Quatremere Histoire des Mongols de la Perse, p. xcix ; Hammer-Purgstall Geschiehte der Ihhane ii p. 267 ; Rieu i 795 ; Ency, Isl, under BanakitL] 110. Safi ahDin M. b. 'Ali known as Ibn al-Tiota# (for whom see Brockelmann ii 161, Emy, Isl, under Ibn al-Tiktaka and the introductions of Ahlwardt and Derenbourg to their ^ See Quatremere’ s remarks on this edition in his Histoire des Mongols de la Ferae pp. Ixxxv-xcviii and 425, where a portion (description of China and the adjacent countries) is translated into French. A. GENERAL SISTOBY 81 editions of tlie .FaMn) visited' al-Mausil in 701/1301 and wMle there' wrote and dedicated to the Governor of the town, Fafc al“Bin 'Isa, .his.Jfi^dfe a?-FaMri/- of .which the first part (less' than '.a, quarter of the w,hole) treats of the duties of a ldB,g and the second is a history of the Caliphate to the fall of Bagdad, based mainly on Ib,n al-Athir. The Arabic text was published at Gotha by W. Ahlwardt in 1860, at Paris by H. Derenbourg in 1895, and at Cairo in 1317/1900 and 1923. A French translation by E. Amar appeared at Paris in 1910. In 723/1323-724/1324 Hindilshih b. Sanjar b- ‘Abd AHah al-SaMM al-Eorani wrote “km Tajmih al-salaf an offering for the Hazaraspid Atabak of Luristan, Nusrat al-Din Ahmad, who reigned from 696/1296 to 733/1333. It is for the most part a translation of the historical portion of the Kitdh al-FaMn. Beginning wdth a brief account of the Prophet, it follows the original fairly closely for half its length, but in the second half contains a good deal of supplementary information, relating especially to the Fatimids, Buwaihids, and Saljuqs. Taj drib ahsalaf^ H-Kh. ii p. 191 no. 2432, Majlis 533 (A.H. 1280/1863-4),Browne ColLG.3 (a.h. 1286/1870), Blochet i 373 (A.H. 1304/1886). Description: The Tajaribu's-Salaf, u Persian version of the Arabic Kitabu'l-FaJchri, composed by Hkidushah ibn Sanjar as-Sahihi al-Kirani in 723 J 1323. By E, G. Browne (in Centenary Supplement to the JRAS,^ Oct. 1924, pp. 245-254). 111. Hamd Allah b. Abi Bakr b. Ahmad b. Nasr Mustaufi Qazwini, a member of the old Mustaufi family of Qazwin, whose great-grandfather was Mustaufi of al-'Iraq and whose brother was Ndnb i Diwdn i Wizdrat, enjoyed the patronage of the great Wazir Ra^id al-Din Fadl Allah (see p. 71 supra), who at one time put him in charge of the finances of Qazwin, Abhar, Zanjan, and Tarimain. In addition to the historical works mentioned below he wrote (in 740/1339-1340) the well-known cosmographical and geographical work Nuzhat al-qulub, ^ In the Persian translation the title of the original is given as Munyat fi tawan^ wt’^wwiata^ * 82 tl. HISTOEY, BIOaElEHY, ETC. (1) ZafaY’-namaky a metrical Hstory of Islam in 75,000 verses completed a.h. 735/1334-5, divided into tkree hitabs or qkms ((1) tlie Arabs (2) tbe Persians (3) tbe Mongols to Abu Said's time) and forming a sort of sequel to Shah- mmah: H.Kh. iv p. 176 no. 8018, Eieu Suppt. 263 (a.h. 807/ 1405, with tbe ShdJMidmah on the margin). . Browne Coll. G. 19 (first 6,885 verses of the part relating to the Mongols. Transcribed eirc. A.D. 1917 from Rieu Suppt. 263). Descriptions : (1) Blochet Introduction d VHistoire des Mongols pp. 106-8, (2) Browne Lit Hist, iii 95-8. (2) Tdrtkhi a general history to a.h. 730/1329-30, the date of composition, dedicated to Khwajah Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad, the son and successor of Ea^id al-Din Padl Allah, based mainly on the Jdmi^ aZ-townM and divided into SifdtiJiah (on the creation), six bobs ((1) Prophets and sages, (2) Pre- Islamic Persian kings, (3) From Muhammad to the Banu 'Abbas, (4) Islamic dynasties in 12 fasls, (6) Imams and Mujtahids, Qur'an-Readers, Traditionists, Shailis, 'Ulama’, Poets, (6) Account of Qazwin) and a JMtimah (genealogical tables, absent from most MSS.) : H,]^. v p. 177 no. 10644, Salemann-Rosen p. 13 no. 163 (a.h. 813/1410-11. See Barthold Turlcestan p. 50 n. 6), Aumer 205 (lacks Bab 6 and Khdtimah. Other lacunae. a.h. 823/1420), 206 (lacunae, a.h. 948/1541-2), Bodleian 26 (a.h. 847/1443), 27 (a.h. 851/1447), 28 (mostly A.H. 953/1546), 29 (old), 30 (n.d;), Leningrad Mus. Asiat. No. 5786 (A.H. 847/1443. See Browne in JRAS. 1900 p. 726), Edinburgh 406 (defective, a.h. 848/1444), 185 (a.h. 993/1584), 'Atif 1856 == Tauer 22 (a.h. 849/1445), As'^ad 2169 = Tauer 23 (a.h. 854/1450), Rosen Institut 6 (defective at beginning. A.H. 855/1461-2), Browne Coll. G. 4 (11) (a.h. 857/1453. The original of the Gibb Memorial facsimile), G. 6 (12) (a.h. 1293/ 1876), Fatih 4460 — Tauer 24 (a.h. 859/1455), 4459 = Tauer 27 (A.H. 900/1495), Blochet i 264 (a.h. 872/1467), 265 (a.h. 943/ 1536), 266 (defective. Mid 16th cent.), 267 (defective at end. Late 17th cent.), 268 (18th cent.), Kopriilu-Zadah M* = Tauer 25 (A.H. 886/1481), Rieu i 805 (a.h. 890/1485), 82a (a.h. 924/1518), 82a (A.H. 1009/1600), 826 (late 16th cent.), 826 (16th cent.), A. GENEEAL HISTOEY m 82h {a.h. 1216/1803), .iii 884a {defective. Cire."' a.d. 1,850), Afa SMyah. 3037 == Tauer 26 (15tli cent.), 3072 = Taiier 29 (a.h. 994/1586), DamM Ibrahim 904 == Taiier 28 (a.h. 955/1548), " FlSgel ii 827' (a.h. 964/Feb. 1657), Browne Pers, Cat. 40 (a.h. 964/]\Iay 1557), 41 (a.h. 990/1582), Siippt. 246 , (vol. i,,: 'A.H. 1225/1810), 248 (n.d.-' King’s 114), EtM 19 '(defeetive. A.H. 1043/1634), 20 (lacks Khdtimah, K.d.), BiJiMpSr vi 453 {17th cent.), 454 (hopelessly damaged. 16th cent.), Lindesiana p. 149 no. 157 (a.h. 1019/1610-11), Ivanow 6 (defective at end. 11th cent. H.), A§afiyah i p. 228 no. 449 (a.d. 1827), Buhar 1 (19th cent.), BiiMiara Semenov 30, Cairo p. 507 ((1) lacuna. Kd. (2) N.d.), Dom A.M. p. 659 (cl p. 100) (with a con- tinuation to A.H. 794/1391-2 by Zain al-Din b. Hamd Allah), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (see Oriental College Alagazim, voL ii, no. 3 (May 1926) p. 57), Majlis 233, Romaskewiez p, 4 no. 1213. Edition : The Ta'rihhri-Guzida of HamduTldh Musiawfi- i-Qazwim . . . reproduced in facsimile from a manuscript dated AM. 857 (a.d. 1453) [i.e. Browne Coll. G. 4 (11)] with an intro- duction hy Edward G. Browne, Leyden and London 1910"^* (Gibb Memorial Series, vol. xiv, 1). (For the indexes to this text see below xmder Translations.) Extracts : (1) \_Bab iv (minus Fasl 12) only] Tdr%k¥ Goztde par Hamd Olldh Mostooufi Qazvmt Les dynasties persanes pendant la periode musulmane, depuis les Saffdrides jusques et y compris les Mongols de la Perse en 1330 de notre ere. Texte persan complet . . . et traduction frangaise en regard . . . Par J. Gantin. Tome i (no more published), Paris 1903°*. (2) [Bab iv, Fasl 2 (the Samanids)] Description topographique et historique de BouJchara par Mohammed Nerchakhy, suivie de textes relatifs d la Transoxiane. Texte persan puhlie par 0. Schefer, Paris 1 892 pp. 99-111. (3) [extract relating to the conflict of the Samanids with the Simjurids] Barthold Turkestan v epoklm mongolskago nashesiviya, St Petersburg 1900°*, Texts pp. 11-12, 91-2. (4) [extracts on Hasan i Sabbahand the sayings of Buzurjmihr] Salemann and Shukovski Persische Gramrmtik, Berlin 1889^*, l*-9* and 41*-48*. 84 iL HISTORY, BIOCRATHY, ETC. Translations : (1) The Td'nhh-i-Ouzida . . . abridged in English from a manuscript dated a.h, 857 {a,i), 1453) by Edward Q. Browne, with indices of the facsimile text by K A. Nicholson, Leyden and London 1913'^* (Gibb Memorial Series, voL xiv, 2). (2) Eougb draft of an English translation made by G. le Strange at Shiraz in 1879-1880, Browne Suppt. 247. (3) [French transla- tion of Bab iv (minus Fasl 12)] see above under Extracts : (1). (4) [French translation of Bab iv, Fasl 6 (the Saljuqs) and part of Fasl 9 (the Isma‘ilis of Persia)] Histoire des Seldjoukides, extraite du Tarikhi Guzideh ou Histoire choisie d'Hamd-Allah Mustaufi, traduite et accompagnee de notes par M. Defremery (in the Journal asiatique, 4e serie, tome xi (Jan.-June 1848) pp. 417-462, tome xii (July-Dee. 1848) pp. 259-279, 334-370, tome xiii (Jan.-June 1849) pp. 15-65). (5) [English translation of part of Bab v, Fasl 6] Biographies of Persian Poets contained in Ck v, § 6, of the Tdrihh- i‘Guzi^ . . . Translated by E, G. Browne (in the JBAS» 1900, pp. 721-762, 1901, pp. 1-32). ( 6 ) [French translation of Bab vi (minus Fasl 1)] Description historique de la ville de Eazvin, extraite du TarikJie Guzidbh de Hamd Allah Mustofi Kazvini, par M. C. Barbier de Meynard (in the Journal Asiatique, 5e serie, tome X (July-Dec. 1857) pp. 257-308). Major H. G. Raverty’s rough MS. translations at the India Office include extracts from the TanM i Guzldah, Descriptions : (1) Elliot Bibliographical index 76-80, (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India iii 60-66 (both of these works contain a translated extract on Sultan Mahmud. of Ghazni). (5) Browne Lit Hist iii 87-95, (4) Barthold TurJeestan, London 1928, pp. 49-50, (5) M. Nazim The life and times of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna, Cambridge 1931, pp. 10-11. {Tdrilch i Guzldah pp. 3-8, 598, and, for his ancestors, pp. 839-842 ; Nuzhat ahqulub, author’s preface ; Habib alsiyar iii, 1, p. 126 ; Haft iqllm no. 1250 ; Eieu i 80-1, Suppt. pp. 172-3 ; Blochet Introduction d Vhistoire des Mongols p. 106 ; Browne Lit Hist iii 87-100 ; Enoy. 1st under al-Kazwini.] 112. Mtihaminad b. ^AE b. Muhammad al-^abankara’i ^ was ^ For Shabamkarah see the Mmy, IsL sub voce. A. GENEBAl HISTOEY 85 a poet and a panegyrist of the Mongol Snitan Abu Sa'id’s wazlr ^iya& al-Din Muhammad,^ to whom in 733/1332-3, when more than forty years old, he dedicated his Majma‘ al-ansab. The wazir’s house was pillaged after his death in 736/1336 and the booh was lost, but the author wrote it afresh and completed it in 743/1342-3. Majma‘ al-ansdh or Jdmi‘ al-ansah, a sketch of general history to Abu Sa‘id’s death a.h. 736/1335 : Leningrad Mus. Asiat. (autograph. See Barthold TurTcestan-^. 46, n. 5), Yeni 909 ==Tauer 30 (15th cent.), Eieu i 83a (lacks sections on the Ghaznawids and on Luristan. 16th cent.), iii 1020& (extract only. Circ. A.D. 1850), Lindesiana p. 190 no. 791 (a.h. 1080/1669-70), Bloehet i 269 (def. at both ends. 17th cent.), Ivanow 7 (17th cent.), Bodleian 31 (def.), Browne Pers. Cat. 42 (1st half only), Eth6 21, 22 (del), R.A.S. P. 28 = Morley 15. Descriptions : (1) Browne Lit. Hist, iii 103, (2) M. Nazim The life and times of Sultan Mahmud ofGhazna. Cambridge 1931, P-1^- [Autobiographical statements of the author (see Eieu i 83, Eth4 21).] 113. ‘All b. al-Husain b. ‘All, known as {muMakir hi-) ‘Aid’ al-Qazvmd al-Hila!i, began in Dhu ’1-Hijjah 778/April 1377 and completed in Sha'ban 779/December 1377 his Manahij al-tdlihln fi ma‘drif al-sddiqin, a general history in three qisms ((1) the Creation, (2) the prophets and Caliphs, forming the great bulk of the work, (3) dynasties contemporary with and later than the ‘Abbasids) extending to the year 777 /1375-6 in the reign of Abu l-Fawaris ^ah Shuja‘, the MuzafEarid, for whom it was written ; Ayd §ufiyah 3467 = Tauer 31 (a.h. 781/1379, written by the author’s nephew), Eih6 23 (A.H. 1025/1616), Dresden 383 (a.h. 1013/1604). 114. Khusrau b. ‘Abid, called Ibn i Mu'in, AbarquM wrote in 808/1405-6 ^ The son and successor of the celebrated Ra^d al-Din Faijl Allah (see p. 71). 86 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Firdaus al-tawarikhy in two “ sections ” ((1) (a) the Creation, Pre-Mamie prophets etc., (b) Pre-Hamic Kings of Persia, (2) (a) Mnharomad and the Caliphs, (&) dynasties con- temporary with the ‘Abhasids, (c) the Mongols to Abu Said’s reign, (d) history of various djmasties subsequent to Abu Said) having at the end of the history of the Caliphs alphabetically arranged notices of theologian^, physicians etc., and at the end of the work a biographical dictionary of Arabic and Persian poets : H.M. iv, p. 413, no. 9014, Dom 267 (apparently lacking ''Section” 2, pt. (d). Autograph?). Description : Barthold TurJeestan^ London 1928, pp. 54-5. 115. In 815/1412 and 816/1413 an unknown author living in Pars at the court of Timur’s grandson Iskandar b. 'Umar Shai^, the Governor of Pars, wrote A general history to a.h. 816/1412 (called by Barthold " The Anonym of Iskandar ”) based chiefly on the Jdmi^ ahiawdriM and the TdnlA i Guzldah but containing specially full information about the legendary history of the Ch aghatay Mims and providing a valuable contemporary record of Timur etc. : Rieu hi 1062 (defective, a.h. 867/1463), Leningrad Mus. Asiat. 566&, c (see Barthold Turicestan 'p> 54, n. 3). Description : Barthold Turkestan, London 1928, p. 54. 116. Ja^far b. M. Husaim composed in 820/1417 and dedicated to Shah-Ru^ (reigned 807/1404-850/1447) his Concise general history from the Creation to a.h. 81 7/1414 : Ivanow 8 (a.h. 988/1580). 1 17. Shihab ahDin 'Abd Allah ^ b. Lutf Allah b. 'Abd al-Raiiid al-Khwafl Imown as Hafiz i Abru, was born, according to 'Abd al-Eazzaq Samarqandi, at Harat and educated at Hamadan. He was an expert chess-player and was an intimate friend of Timur’s. In 817 /1414-15 he was ordered by Shah-RuMi to write ^ He is often called Nur al-Din Lutf Allah b, ‘Abd Allah in consequence of an erroneous statement by ‘Abd al-Razzaq Samarqandi, A. GENEBAL HISTOEY 87 a work on geograpliy.^ In 820/1417 he was instructed by the same ruler to combine in one work the most important histories of the world and in 828/1424-5, again by order of ^ah-RnMi, he issued a new edition of the Jami' al-tmvanMi. In 826/1423 he had begun to write a history of the world in four volumes ^ for Prince Baysunghur, but before completing it he died at Zanjan on 3 Shaw’wal 833/25 June 1430. (1) JanM i Shdh-RuM^ a history of Shah-RuMi’s reign to A.H. 816/1413 : Ethe 171. (2) Majmifah i Hafiz i Ahru^ the above-mentioned combination of the most important histories of the world, viz. Bahamfs translation of 'Tabari (see p. 61 supra), Ra^id al-Din’s Jdmi' al-tawdrlM (see p. 72 supra), and Mzam i Shamfs Zafar- ndmaii (cf. Eieu i 170, Tauer 32~4 with supplements by Hafiz i Abru (viz. (a) introduction and index to the whole work, (6) the TanM % Taharl, (c) Dhail i TdriT^ i M, i Tabari, a continuation by Hafiz i Abru from al-Muqtadir to al-Musta'sim, (d) introduction and index to the Jdmi' al-tawdrlM, (e) the Jdmi^ ahtaivdrlM, (/) Tdrlkh iva-nasab i Muluh i Kurt bi-l-ijmdl, by Hafiz i Abru, (g) short sections by Hafiz i Abru on the pddishdhl i Tughd-Tlmur, the pddiMhl i Amir Wall K 'All Hindu, the Tdrll^ i umard i Sarbaddrlyah . . and the Tdrlkh i Amir Arghun-Shdh . . (h) ^ail i Jdmi' abtawdrlM,^ a continuation by Hafiz i Abru from a.h. 706/1306-7 to a.h. 795/ 1392-3, i.e. to the point at which Nizam i Shami begins, (i) a history of the Muzaffarids by Hafi^ i Abru, (j) the Zafar-ndmah of Nizam i Shann, (k) Dhail i kitdb i Zafar-ndmah i Shdml, 1 Eor this geographical work, which contains important historical information relating to Khurasan, see Bodleian 33, 149, Bom 290, Rieu i 421-4, ETicy. Isl. under Hafiz-i Abru, Barthold Turl^estan, London 1928, p. 55, n. 7, where a MS. at Samarqand and another in the London School of Oriental Studies are mentioned. There is still another in the India Office. 2 See also F. Tauer Vorberkht ilber die Edition dea Zafarnama von Eizdm Baml tind der wichtigsten Teile der Geschichtsiverke Hdjiz-i Abru^s in Archiv Orientdlni iv, 2 (Prague 1932), pp. 250-6. ^ For a continuation of the Jami^ al4awdn^ containing the reigns of Uijaytu and Abu Sa*xd and written at the command of Shah-Ru|^ probably by Hafi^ i Abru, see pp. 72-4 supra. 88 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. a continiiatioii by Hafiz i Abm to tbe death, of Timur, (1) history of Shah-EuMi to 819/1416 by B[afiz i Abrt) : Ba^dM Koghki 282 = Tauer 32. Transcribed in the reign of Shah-Euli, there- fore not later than A.H. 850/1447. 20 Pictures in the TdriMi i Tdban), DamM IbraMm 919 = Tauer 33 (transcribed, in part at least, a.h. 885/1480-1), Nur i 'Uthmaniyah 3267 = Tauer 34 (only the Zafar-ndmah and Hafiz i Abru’s DJiaih A.H. 828/1425), Hakin-Oghlu 'All Paka 703 = Tauer 35 (only Yol. i of the Jdmi^ ahtawankh preceded by the introduction and index. 16th cent.). (3) Majma^ al Tawdrikh {Zuhdat aUawdnMi, see below), a history from Adam to a.h. 830/1426-7 written for Prince Baysun^ur and divided into arba"^ ((1) Pre-Lsiamic prophets and early Persian kings, (2) Muhammad and the Caliphs to al- Musta^sim, (3) Persia after the fall of the Caliphate, the Saljuqs and the Mongols to the death of the Il-Khan Abu Sa'id, (4) bearing the independent title Z^^6da^aZ-todnM•iBdJ/5wngA^^n and divided into two parts ((<a^) life of Timur, being the text of Nizam i Shami's Zafar-ndmah corrected and enlarged in places together with (h) Shah-Eu^'s reign to a.h. 830/1426-7, being probably a recast version of the TdnM iShdh-RuJch (see above) extended for 11 years)) : H.Kh. iii p. 635, Blochet i 270 {Rub' i. a.h. 829/1425), Browne Coll. G. 9 (12) (RuR ii. a.h. 829/1426), Dom 268 {RuV i-ii. Fine copy, probably contemp. with author), Aya iSufiyah 3353 = Tauer 36 [Rub' i and bdh 1 (Muhammad) of Rub' ii. Bears Shah-Eu^'s seal), 3035 = Tauer 37 {RuV ii, bdbs 2 Raiiidun), 3 (Umaiyads), 4 (‘Abbasids)), Fatih 4371/1 = Tauer 38 {RuV iv. From Shah-Euli’s library), Eieu Suppt. 27 {RuV i, imperfect. 15th cent.), Murad 1441 & = Tauer 39 {RuV iii. A defective brouilion), Rawan KoshMi 1529 -= Tauer 40 {RuV ii, Bab 1. a.h. 1043/1633-4), Leningrad Mus. Asiat. No. 566 {RuV i only. Followed by Qism ii of the Jdmi' aVTawdnMi (see Eosen Institut pp. 54 seq.), Rosen Institut 7 {RuV i only. Followed by Qism ii of the Jdmi' al-tawdnkJi, " Assez ancien ” (see Eosen op, ciL p. 82)), Bodleian 161 {RuV iv, part 2 (containing the years a.h. 807-830). Poor MS., see Ency, Isl, under 'Abd al-Eazzaq Samarqandi), Fliigel ii 952 (small fragment (20 foil.) of RuV iii containing the years 624-647. A.D. 1835), Majlis 267 (a.h. 1297/1880). A. 0BHEBAL HISTOBY 89, Extracts : Dorn MuhammedamscJm Quellen zur Geschichte der sMlichen Kustenlander des Kaspischen Jfeeres, SL Peterslbiir 1850~8°* TheU iv pp. 426--^^^^ Descriptions : (1) Elliot and Dowson History of India iy 1-5, (2) W. Bartliold Hdfiz4 Abru i ego sochineniya (in al-Mumffarlyah, SbornikstateiuchenikovProfessoraBarom. , ,Rozena, St.Petersbnrg 1897, pp. 1-28), (8) Vorbericht ilbef die Edition des Zafarndma non Nizam Sdml und der wichtigsten Teih der GescMcJitswerke Hdjiz-i Abru's, Von Felix Tauer (in Archiv Orientdlni, voL iy, ISTp. 2 (Prague, August 1932) pp. 250-6). [AutobiograpMcal statements in the author’s geographical work (cf. Eieu i 421-4) and Ms Maj?m' al-iawdnlch ; Mujmal i Fasihl under a.h. 833 (translated in Browne Lit, Hist iii 426) ; Eieu i 421-3, Suppt. pp. 16-17 ; W. Barthold Hdfi^-i Abru i ego sochineniya (in al-Muzgffarlyah, Shornih statei uehenikovProfessora Barona Viktora Romanovicka Rozena^ St. Petersburg 1897, pp. 1-28 (cf. Zapiski of the Eussian Archseological Society xviii, pp. 0138-0144) ; Ency. 1st under Hafiz-i Abru (Barthold) ; Browne Lit Hist iii 424-6.] 118. M, b. al-amir al-kabir Amir Faffl Allah al-Musawi was a native of Khurasan. Tartly i l^airdty or, as it has also been called (in- correctly according to Barthold ^), Asahh aLtawdrikhy a history from the Creation to Timur’s death a.h. 807/1405 begun A.H. 831/1428 but completed or supplemented much later, since, in the B.M. MS. at least, Shah-EuMi’s death, A.H. 850/1447, is mentioned, and divided into a muqaddimah^ three qisms, subdivided respectively into four, eight and twelve tabaqahs, and a mahhlas ; Bodleian 32 (a.h. 843/1440), Tartan Ehadiiah Sultan 224 = Tauer 41 (a.h. 895/1490), Eieu Suppt. 423 (defective at beginning and end. 16th cent.). ^ See Barthold Turkestan down to the Mongol invasion, London 1928, p. 54, n. 3, p. 56, and his article “ Istorik Musevi, kak avtor TarlM khairat in the BulMin de rAoaddmie Imp. des Sewms jFetrograd 19 io, pp. 1365-70. 90 II. HISTORY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. 119, MnTiq-mTnflfi Rihania/l- ini am wasthe son of Bihamad Ehan. afterwards Malik al-Sharq Malik Bihamad, feoffee of Irick ( Erachli) in Bundelkkand. Like his father he was successful as a military commander, but having become a disciple of Yusuf Budh of Irich, a celebrated saint, he saw the Prophet in a vision and devoted himself to a religious life. TdflMl i Muhammadi, a general history from the time of the Prophet (after whom the work is called) to a.h. 842/1438-9, and an original authority (but dealing mainly with the local dynasty of Kalpi) for the period subsequent to a.h. 765/1364 : Keu i 84® (17th cent.). [Autobiog. in TdrlM i MuhammaM fol. 478 seq.] 120. Fasih al-Din Ahmad b. M. known as Fasih 1 al-Mwafi was born at Harat in Jumada i 777/1376. He served both. Sultan Shah'RulA (a.h. 807 /1404~850/1447) and his son Mirza Baysunqur (d. 837/1433) as diwdn (minister of finance). Mujmal i Fa^hh ^ valuable compendium of Islamic bistory and biograph.y to a.h. 846/1441-2 in a muqaddimah (Adam to the Prophet’s birth), two mag'aMs ((1) to the Hijrah, (2) A.H. 1-845) and a (on Harat) : Browne Coll. 6. 7 (10) 2 (cf. Le Museon iiie serie, i, 1, p, 49 foil. Lacks a.h. 718-840 and Khdtimah, Very old, perhaps contemp.), G-. 8 (10) = Houtum-Schindler 5 (lacks a.h. 834-844 and Khdtimah, Modern), BanMpur vi 455 (lacks ML 2-15. a.h. 993/1585), Rosen Inst. 8 (lacks Khdtimah), Ivanow 9 (lacuna between a.h. 395 and 636. a.h. 1853), Leningrad Musee Asiatique (transcript of Rosen Inst, 8 : vid. Rosen’s Inst. Cat. p. 113), Tiflis (see Barthold Turkestan p. 66 n. 5, where a reference is given to Berzhe Kratki Kataha Tiflisshoi Puht Bibl, Tiflis 1861, p. 1033). ^ Browne calls the author Ha§ihi> b^tit in the Leningrad MSS. at any rate he seems to be called Fa$ib> and this would be the normal abridgment of Fa§ib al-Din. ' ^ Now in the Library of the School of Oriental Studies. A. GENERAL HISTORY 91 Descriptions : (1) B. Dorn in Bulletin de la-classe' Mstorico- 'philologique de VAmdemie Imperiah des Sciences de St Piter shourg vol. ii (1845)j pp. 1-42 (witli translations of extracts), (2) E. Gr. Browne in Le Musem, iiie serie, tome i, pp. 48-78 (witli translations of extracts), (S) Barthold Turkestan, London 1928, p. 55. [Mujmal under some at least of the years 777, 796, 807, 818, 821, 825, 827, 828, 832, 836, 838, 841, 842, 843, 845 : Dornl.o. ; Eosen Inst. p. 112 ; Le Museon Lc,, pp. 48-9, 51-2 ; Bankipur vi 455; Browne Lit Hist iii 426-8.] 121. Hasan b. SMbab b. Husain b. Taj al-Din Yazdi, who tells us that he was the author of a metrical history of the Saljuqs, wrote for Ghiyath al-Din M. b, Baysun^ur b. Shah-Euli his JdmP ahtawdn^ i Hasant^ an unimportant history from the Creation to a.h. 855/1451 in six qisms : Fatih 4307 = Tauer 42 (a.h. 859/1455). 122. Shukr Allah b. Shihab al-Din Ahmad b. Zain al-Din Zaki al-Eumi, an Anatolian who was in the Ottoman service from his 22nd year, was on two occasions sent on special missions by the Sultan Murad II (reigned 824/1421-855/1461), once to Ibrahim Bey, the Qaramanid, and again in 852/1448-9 to Mirza Jahan-Shah, of the Black Sheep. The Sultan Muhammad (II) Fatih (reigned 855/1451-886/1481) is said to have treated him with great consideration. He was 73 years of age in 851/1456-7 when he completed his Bahjat aLtawdrilA, and he died at Stambul in 894/1488-9. Works of Ms entitled Ams aVdrifm and MinMj al-mijM are mentioned by Hajji Khalifah. Bahjat al-tawdnkh, a concise general history to the accession of the Sultan M. b. Murad (a.h. 855/1451) in 13 hdhs : H.Edi. ii p. 73, "no. 1967, Miigel ii 828 (a.h. 936/1529-30), Rosen Inst. 9 (A.H. 938/1531-2), Blochet i 271 (a.h. 940/1533), 272 (defective at beginning. a.h. 965/1548), 273 (a.h. 987/1579), 274 (A.H. 1014/1605), 275 (17th cent.), Rieu Suppt. 28 (a.h. 949/ 1542), iii 884a (a.h. 1263/1847), Aya SMyah 2990 = Tauer 43 (16th cent,), Fatih 4203 = Tauer 44 (16th cent.), Em i 92 II. HISTOEY, BIOaEAPHY, ETC. maniyah 3059 = Tauer 45 (17th cent.), *Fmiiiiiiyah 4902 = Taner 46 (llth. cent.), Bodleian 34, Gotha 362 (in the EnganzungS’ heft), Leyden iii p. 2 no. 907 (ch. 1-6 and 13), Eawan KS^kli 1538 = Taner 47, 1539 (2) = Taner 48. Edition of Bab xiii (Ottoman history) prepared by Th. Seif : Mitteilungen ziir Osmanischen GescMchte ii (1925), pp. 63 seq. Extracts : Hammer-Pnrgstall Sur les origines russes, St. Petersburg 1827°*, pp. 105-9 (French translation, ibid, pp. 44-8). Turkish translation completed a.h. 937/1531 by Mnstafa Farisi : H.Kh. ii p. 73, no. 1957 ult. For MSS. (at Berhn, Paris, Cairo (4 copies) and Stambul (at least 4 copies)) see Babinger Gescliichtsschreiber der Osmanen p. 20. Descriptions : (1) Hammer-Purgstall Geschichte des osmanischen Reiches ix 177-80, (2) Babinger Geschiehtsschreiber der Osmanen pp. 19-20. \al-ShaqdHq ahNu‘mdmyah i 102, Rescher's translation (Constantinople 1927) pp. 56-7 ; Rien iii 884 ; Babinger Geschiehtsschreiber der Osmanen pp. 19-20, where references will be found to several Turkish authorities.] 123. M. b. Khawand-Shah b. Mahmud, known as BEr BJiwmd, belonged to a family of Saiyids long settled in Bul^ara, but his father, the learned and saintly Burhan al-Dui Ehawand-Shah, migrated to BaM and died there. Mir Khwand was born in 837/1433, spent most of his life in Harat, where he enjoyed the patronage of Mir 'AliSliir, and died on 2 Rajab 903/24 Feb, 1498 at the age of sixty-six. Raudat al-safd^ ft strut al-anbiyd' wa-H-muluk wa-H-- khulafd^^ a general history in a muqaddimah, seven volumes or qisms ((l)From the Creation to Yazdajird, (2) Muhammad and the first four Caliphs, (3) The Twelve Imams and the Umaiyad and ^Abbasid Caliphs, (4) Dynasties contemporary with the ^Abbasids, (5) Chingiz Khan and his successors, (6) Timur and his successors to the death of Abu Said, A.H. 873/1469,^ (7) Sultan Husain and ^ “ ... die beriilimte Weltobronik Mrhwand^s EaTizatTi-§-§afa ist stark vom Znbdatu-t-tawari^ [of Ilafig i Abm, see p. 88 supra] abhangig ” (F. m Arckiv voL iv, 2 (Aug. 1932) p. 254). A. GEHEEAL HISTOEY 93 Ms, sons to A.H. 929/1522-3, agreeing with, the corresponding part of the Habib ahsiyar and apparently written by ^wand- Amir (see Rien i 93)), and a Mdtimah, sometimes called yoL viii (geographical, with additions probably by Khwand-Amlrl : H.IQi. iii p. 601 no. 6661, Browne Pers. Cat. 44-56 (of which 45 (vols. iv-v) was collated, so far at least as voL iv is concerned, A.H. 901/1495 in the presence of the author, 44 (vols. i-iii) is dated a.h. 980/1572, 51 (vols. i-iii) a.h. 994/1586, 50 (vol. vi) was written circ. a.h. 1000/1591-2, 65 (vol. vi) is dated a.h, 1028/ 1619, and 56 (Khdtimah) a.h. 1049/1639. Vol. vii is missing), Suppt. 720-4 (of which 723 (selections from earlier period. A.H. 1199/1784-5) and 724 (seven volumes, i dated a.h. 1003/ 1594-5 and v dated A.n. 1595-6) belong to Kiing's College), Hand-list 1265 (Nudhar to Yazid I, defective), 1266 (vol. iii and KhdtimaTi). Nur i ^U^maniyah 3173 = Tauer 50 (vols. i-v. A.H. 930/1524-934/1528, corrected by Khwand-Arolr. Superb copy), 3178 = Tauer 63 (vols. i-ii. a.h. 999/1591), 3174 = Tauer 70 (vols. i-ii. 16th cent.), and fifteen other MSS., for which see Tauer 71-3, 81-4, 88, 90, 96, 98-100, 111-12, Damad Ibrahim 906 = Tauer 51 (vols. i-iii. a.h. 934/1527. Fine copy), 905 = Tauer 66, EtM 24-75 (of which 28 (vols. i-vi) is dated A.H. 972/1565-978/1570, 25 (vols. i-vi and Khdtimah) a.h. 976/ 1569 and 42 (vols. ii-iii) a.h. 987/1579), ii 3005-8, Ross and Browne 134, LSiah-li 2047 = Tauer 52 (vols. i-iii. a.h. 973/1565), 2048 = Tauer 53 (vols. iv-vi. 16th cent.), 2033 = Tauer 115 {Khdtimah only), Dorn 269-80 (of which 275 (vol. v) and 278 (vol. vi) are dated a.h. 975/1567-8, 272 (vols. iii-iv) and 277 (vol. vi and Khdtimah) a.h. 977/1669-70, 271 (vol. ii) A.H. 981/1573 and 269 (vols. i-ii) a.h. 992/1684. 273 (vol iv) contains Pictures), Bodleian 36-68 (of which 47 (vols. iii-v) is dated a.h. 978/1570, 52 (vol iv) and 58 (vol v) a.h. 989/1581), R.A.S. P. 29-44 = Morley 16-31 (of which P. 43 (vols. iv-vi) is dated a.h. 978-9/1670-1, P. 42 (vol vi) a.h. 991/1583, P. 39 (vol. v) A.H. 995/1686, P, 40 (voL vi) a.h. 996/1587, P. 32 (voL ii) and P. 35 (vol iii) a.h. 1005/1596, and P. 37 (vols. i-iii) a.h. 1022- 4/1613-16. P. 38 (vol iv) contains Pictuees), ^TJmnmiyali 5261 = Tauer 54 (vol i. a.h. 979/1571), Htigel ii 830 (vois. i-vi. A.H. 979-80/1671-2), 831 (vols. i-ii. Not later than a.i>. 1624), 94 II. HISTORY, BIOeRAPHY, ETC. 832 (vols. iv-v. A.n. 1044/1635 and a.h. 1068/1657), 833 (vol. vi. A.H. 1258/1843), Blochet i 276 — 311 (of wMeh 284 (vol. ii) and 294 (vols. iii and vi) are dated a.h. 978/1670-1, 295 (vol. iv), 305 (extracts from vol. v and conclusion (?)) and 307 (vol. vi) A.H. 980/1672, 285 (vol. ii) a.h. 983/1575, 306 (vols. v and vi) A.H. 986-8/1578-80, and 299 (vol. v) is assigned to tlie 16t]i century. 281 (vol. i. 17tli cent.) contains Pictures (described in Revue des Bibliotheques, 1900, p. 295) and 308 (vol. vi and EJiatinKik a.h.1013/1604 and 1004/1595) Eluminations (described in Revue des BihliotUques, 1898, p. 138)), Decourdemanche S.P. 1860-1 (vols. i (A.H. 1078/1667-8) and iii-iv (a.h. 1018/1609-10)), S.P. 1862 (vols. i~iii. 16tb cent.), S.P. 1863 (vols. iv-vi. 16th cent.), Lund Suppt. 55-6 (vols. i-vii, of which i is dated a.h. 981/ 1673-4 and iv a.h. 996/1586-7), Rieu i 876-96a (of wliich four, 896 (vol. iii), 916 (vol. v), 946 (vols. i-ii), 946 (vols. iii-iv), are assigned to the 16th century, one, 936 IKhdtiniah. imperfect), is dated a.h. 981/1573, another, 94(i (vols. i-ii), is dated a.h. 987-8/ 1579-81, and one, 926 (vol. vi. a.h. 1030/1621), contains Pictures), i 417a-418a, ii 843a (1st portion of vol. vi. a.h. 999/ 1591), iii 886a (extracts), 10646-1065a (of which two volumes, i and vi, are assigned to the 16th century), i^ainidiyah 946-7 = Tauer 56-6 (vols. i-vi and lUi dtirmh. a.h. 987-8/1679-80. Transcribed from a MS. collated in the presence of the author by Maqsud b. Humam al-Dih called Khwandamirl. Bankipur vi 456 (vols. i-iii. a.h. 1015/1606-7), 457 (vol. i. 16th cent.), 458 (vol. i), 459 (vol. ii. a.h. 1054/1644), 460 (vols. iv-v. a.h. 994/ 1686, but most of v is m a later hand), 461 (vol. vi and EMtimah. A.H. 1226/1811), Eehatsek pp. 88-90 no. 28 (vol. i. a.h. 996/1588), no. 29 (vol. V. N.d.), no. 30 (vol. vi. N.d.), no. 31 (vol. vii and Khatimah. a.h. 1113/1701), no. 32 ( Kh Sihnah. a.h. 1207/1793), Ma^had iii p. 83 no. 32 (ending with death of ‘AlL a.h. 998), p. 84 nos. 33 and 34 (two fragments), Edinburgh 186-8 (vols. i-iii, a.h. 1001/1692, vols. iv-vi and Khatimah a*.h. 999/1690), 71 (a.h. 1057/1647), Leyden iii p. 3 no. 909 (vol. vi. a.h. 1000/ 1591-2), V p. 285 no. 2722 (vol. i. Groningen), Upsala 237-42 (vols. i-vii of which iii and iv bear the dates a.h. 1001/1593 and 1002/1593-4), Calcutta Madrasah 122 (vol. i. 17th cent.), 123 (vol. ii. Akbar’s 12th year), 124 (vol. iii. a.h. 1104/1693), 125 A. GEHEBAL- HISTORY 95 (vols. iv-v. . 16tE, cent.), Ivaaow 10-27'(soine of tliese belong to tbe early 17tli cent, and one or two may be earlier),, Berlin 370-96 (of wMcb , 376-82 (7 yoIs. lacking Khatimah) bears several dates in, tbe .first half of the 17th century and , 389 (vol. iv) is dated a.h. 1012/1604), Anmer 209-220 (of which 213 (voL iii) bears the earliest date, a.h. 1016/1607-8), Rosen Iiistitut 11 (vol i), 12 (vol i), 13 (vol. iv. a.h. 1016/1607-8), 14 (most of vol iv), Linflesiana p. 188 nos. 801-8 (a.h. 1018/1609-10— 1083/1672-3), nos. 173-8 (vols, i-iii, v-vii), nos. 179-82 (vols. i-iii, vi), nos. 387-94, no. 929 (vol v. Circ. 1650), D.M.G. 4 (vol i), 5 (vol iv. a.h. 1030/1620-1), 6 (vol i, defective. Seal dated 1025/1616), Cairo p. 504 (a.h. 1069/1659), Browne Coll 6. 11 (12) = Houtiim-Schindler 42 (1) ( Khathmli), K. 6 (14) (4) = Hontum-Schindler, 43 (4) (Khaiimah a.h. 1085/1674-5), Buhar 2 (latter part of vol v. 17th cent.), Dorn A. M. p. 205 (vol vi), p. 205 (vols. iii, v, vi), Madias (one complete copy and one vol iii), Romaskewicz p. 10 nos. 970^ (vol i), 986 (vol i), 987 (vol ii), Salemaim-Rosen p. 16 nos, 77 (vol i), 78 (vol iii), 79 (vol vi), 132 (vols. v-vi), 164 (vol ii), 158 (vol iv), 159 (vol. iv), 166 (vol vii), 196 (vol v), 286-92 (vols. i-vii), 608-13 (vols. i-vi), Vollers 968 (vol i), 969 (vol iii), 970 (Tahirids to Timur), 971 (vol vi, defective at end). In addition to the Stambiil MSS. mentioned above there are at least 49 others at Stambul (see Tauer). Editions : Bombay 1845 (see 6. i. P. ii p, 357), 1848 (see G. i. P. ii p. 357, Elliot and Dowson History of India iv p. 134), 1266/1860*, 1271/1855°, Tihran 1270-4/1853-6° (2 vols. including a continuation to his own time, in three books, by Rida-Quli Khan (d. 1288/1871), the editor i), Lucknow 1874°* 1883 (see G. I P. ii p. 357). Extracts : (1) [The Preface] Le Jardin de la purete , . . Par M, Am. Jourdain ^ (in Notices et mtraits des mmvmcrits de la Bihliotlieque nationahy tome ix (Paris 1813°)) pp. 249-60 (French translation by S. de Sacy, ibid. pp. 261-73). (2) [On the sons of ^ For tlie life and works of Rida-Quli Khan see below under Biography : Poets. 2 Gf. No. (14) below. 96 ^ II. HISTORY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. Japlietli] Hammer “Purgstall Sur les origines russes, St. Peters- burg 1827°^, pp. 112-19 (French, translation, pp. 62-9). (3) [The A^kanian dynasty] MirJckonds berdUelse om AsJcanierms Jwnungadtt i Persien [ed. with Swedish trans. and notes by C. J. Toriiberg], Lund ISGS'^. (4) [The Sasanid dynasty] Histoire des Sassanides par MirWiond {texte persan), Paris 1843° (one of the Ghrestomathies orientales published for the use of students at the Fcole des Langues Orientales Vivantes). (5) [Eeign of Anu^ir- wan] Descriptive catalogue of the oriental library of the late Tippoo Sultan of Mysore . . . By 0. Stewart^ Cambridge 1809°*^, pp. 192- 201 [with English translation]. (6) [Death of al-Ma’mun and stories of his liberality, etc.] Institutiones ad fundamenta linguae persicae . . . Edidit F. WilJcen, Leipzig 1806°*, pp. 111-20 (Latin translation in Wilken’s Auctarium ad Ohrestomathiam suam persicam, Leipzig 1805°*, pp. 6-10). (7) [Tahirid and Saffarid dynasties] Historia priorum Begum Persarum post firmatum in regno Islamismum. Ex Mohammede Mirchond persice et latine cum noiis geographico literariis [By J5. von Jemscfe], Vienna 1782°. (8) [Tahirid dynasty] Mirchondi Historia Thaheridanm . . . Persice et latine edidit E, Mitscherlicli, Gottingen 1814 (see Zenker i p. 105 no. 875), [Berlin 1819°]. (9) [Samanid dynasty] Mohammedis filii Chavendschahi vulgo Mirchondi Historia Samanidarum persice . . , edidit, interpretatione latina, annota- tionihus historicis et indicibus illustravit F, Wilken, Gottingen 1808°*. (10) [Samanid dynasty] Histoire des Samanides par Mirkhond, Texte persan traduit et accompagne de notes . . . par M, Defrefnery, Paris 1845°*. (11) [(^aznawid dynasty] Mohammedi filii Gliondschahi vulgo Mirchondi Historia Gasnevi- darum persice ... edidit . , , latine vertit . . . jP. Wilken, Berlin 1832°*. (12) [Extracts relating to the Shars of Gharjistan and their overthrow by Mahmud of Ghazni, Mahmud’s expedition against Somnath, anecdotes of Mahmud] Institutiones ad funda- menta linguae persicae . , . Edidit F. Wilken, Leipzig 1805°*, pp. 120-52 [Latin translation in Wilken’s Auctarium ad Ghresto- mathiam suam persicam, Leipzig 1805°*, pp. 10-31]. (13) [Buwaihid dynasty] Mirchonds Geschichte der Sultane aus dem Geschleckte Bujeh Persisch und demsch. Von F. Wilken, Berlin 1835°* (Eeprinted from the Abhandlungen der K. Akademie. A. GENERAL HISTORY 97 'derWissmschaften)?- (14) [The Ismallis of Persia] Le'^Jardinde la purete . , . Par Mohammed, fils de Kkavendschah, comm sous le. mm de Mirkhond. Par M. Am, Jourdam {in Notices et extraiis des manuscf its de la Bihliotheque nationale, tome ix, pt. i (Paris 1813®)) pp. 192-248 (French translation, ibid, -pp, 143-82). (15) [Saljuq dynasty] Mirchondi Historia Seldschukidarum persice . . . edidit , . . annotationibus , , , illustravit J, A. VuUers, Giessen ISS?®"^. (16) [Khwarazm-Shahs] Histoire des Sultans du Kharezm par Mirkhond ; texie persan accompagne de notes . . . [By C. Defremery], Paris 1842®* (one of the Chrestomathies orientates published for the use of students at the Boole des Langues Orientales Vivantes). (17) [The Atabahs] The History of the Atdbeks of Syria and Persia by . . * Mirkhond, Now first edited , . . by W. H, Morley ... London 1848®* (Society for the Publication of Oriental Texts). (18) [^orids and Qara-Khitals] Mirchondi Historia Ghuridarum regum Persiae Indiaeque atque Carachitajorum imperatorum Tartariae . . . Persice et latine edidit , , , E. Mitscherlich, Frankfurt a. M. 1818 (see Zenker i p, 105 no. 875). (19) fGh orids] Histoire des Stdtans Ghourides extraiie de V Histoire universelle de Mirkhond, traduite et accom- pagnee de notes par M, Gh, Defremery (in the Journal Asiatique, 4® serie, tome ii (July-Dee. 1843), pp. 167-200, tome iii (Jan,- June 1844), pp. 258-91). (20) [Chingiz Khan] Vie de Djoighiz- Khan, par Mirkhond {texts persan) [Edited by P, A, E, P. Jaubert], Paris 1841®* (one of the Chrestomathies oiientales published for the use of students at the Ecole des Langues Orientales Vivantes). (21) [Extracts relating to Chingiz Ediani Notice de Vhistoire de Djenguyz-Khdn, contenue dans le manuscrit persan No. 104, in 4®, de la Bihliotheque nationale. Par le CS^ Dangles (in Notices et extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliotheque nationale, tome v (Paris an vii [= 1798®*]) pp. 192-229. (22) [Timur’s expedition against Tuqtami^ Kh^Ji] Expedition de Timourd-Lenk on Tamerlan contre Toqtamiche . . , en 793 , . . ou 1391 . . . Par M, Oharmoy (in the MSmoires de VAcademie Imp, des Sciences de St-Petershourg, 6® serie, tome iii (St. Petersburg 1836*)) pp. 270- 321 (Persian text), 441-471 (French translation), (23) [Auto- ^ Cf. Erldutermi^ uud Ergdnzung einiger Stellen der von Mirchoiid verfasste^i Geschichte des Stammes Bmveih, durch F. von Erdmami, Kazan 1836. H 98 II. HISTOEY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. biographical eoiiclusion of Qism vi] Le Jar din de la pur ete . . . Par i¥. Am, Jourdain (in Notices et extmits. tome ix (Paris pp. 185“7 (French translation ibid. pp. 123-5). (24) [Coiiolnsion of the KMirnah] ibid. pp. 187-91 (Freiiclr transIatioiT .pp. ' 125-8). Tiiikish translations : see Babinger Gesddehtssclireiher der Osmamn p. 82, n. 1 : '' Dass Rustem Paga geschichtliche Struliini begunstigte, solieint der IJmstand zu beweiseii, dass er clurcli Mustafa b. ^asan Sah im Jahre 957/1550 eine ttirldsclie tJb{U> setzimg des Mirchwand’schen Geschichtswerkes raudat al-safd herstellen liess ; liber diese hadiqat betitelte IJbertragung vgl. V[mdnli] M[il'elUflsTi, by Brusali Mehmed Tahir, Stambiil 1334-43/1915-25], iii, 140 ; 180, 4 v.ii. Wenige Jahre spater, im Pu’l-higge 962/Oldi. 1555 vollendete Balatzade Mehmed Kcmal eine neuerliche tiirkische Ubersetzung mit dem Titel tergumdn dilstur fi hawddis el-azmdn we%duhur, die hslt in Stambnl, Laleli, Nr. 2025 [cf. 2021 ?], Nur-i 'osmanijje, Nr. 3238/50 ( ?) [cf. 3228] und Kairo, TK, 783 [read 183] (Autograph) vorhanden ist ; gednickt (1. Teil) : Stambul, 1258 (1848 [read 1842]), 359 Ss. fob tiber den tJbersetzer vgl. ‘OM, iii, 122.’" An XJpsala MS. of 989/1581 beginning with the same words as the Cairo MS. of the Tarjumdn al-dastur h.SiS> the title Hadiqat aP^ulyd ascribed to it in Tornberg’s catalogue (nos. 243-8), where the work is said to have been written by Muhammad Kamali at the instigation of Muhammad Pasha, the Grand Vizier of Murad III. Axe the two translations really one ? For a fragmentary translation by Ra^ib Pa^ia (d. 1176/1763) see Babinger, op. ciL, p. 290 (MS. at Munich). Translations of extracts ^ : (1) [The Preface (French tr. by ^ Much of the al-safa' is translated or paraphrased in Major David Price s Chronological retrospe^ct^ or Memoirs of tk&iprincipal events of Mahomnicdan history, from the death of the Arahian Legislator, to the accession of the Em^ycror Ahbar (3 vols. London 181 Another work partly based on it is Eelacioncs de F. Teixeira d'el origen descendertcia y succession de hs Reyes de Persia y de ffarmuz . . Amberes 1610°* (English translation : 7Vie History of Persia ... to which is added an abridgment of the lives of the Kipgs of llarmuz or Ormuz , . . both of them translated into Spanish by AnKfnnj [szc. for Pedro] Teixeira . . . and now rendered into E 7 iglish by Captain J. 8 teve 7 is, London A. GENERAL HISTORY 99 S. de Sacy)] see above under Extracts (1,). (2) [The Preface] History of the early Kings of Persia , . . Translated' \ \ \ . by D. Shea [see no. (6) below] pp. 1-22. (3) [The Introduction {Bditqaddimah)] ibid, pp. 23-43. (4) [Pre-Mamie history and life of Muhammad omitting the part translated by D. Shea (see no. (6) below)] r/ze Rauzat-us-safa ; or Garden of Purity, Containing the histories of Prophets^ Kings, and Khalifs. By Muhammad bin Khdvendschdh bin Malimud, commonly called Mirchond , . . Translated . . . by E. Rehatsek, LonAonl89l’-3^'^ (Oriental Translation Fund, N.S. I). (5) [The sons of Japheth (French)] see above under Extracts (2). (6) [Pre-Mamie Persian Kings to Alexander’s conquest] History of the early Kings of Persia . . , tothe conquest of Iran by Alexander the Great. Trans- lated , . . by D. Shea, London 1832° (Oriental Translation Fund). (7) [The A^anians (German)] Zur Geschichte der Afsakiden. I. Geschichte der Arsaldden, aus Mirchond ubersetzi von F. Muhlau. 11, Ueber Quellen und GlaiihwurdigJceit von Mtrchdnd's Geschichte der Ashkdnisclien Konige. Von A, von Gutschmid (in Z.DM.G, xv (1861) pp. 664-9 and 670-89). (8) [The A^kanians (Swedish)] see above under Extracts (3). (9) [The Sasanians (French)] Memoires sur diverses antiquites de la Perse, et sur les medailles des Rois de la dynastie desSassanides ; suivis de Vhistoire de cette dynastie traduite du persan de Mirhhond, Par A, I, Silvestre de Sacy, Paris 1793°*. pp. 271-417. (10) [Reign of Anushirwan (English)] see above under Extracts (6). (11) [al- Ma’mun’s death etc. (Latin) (cf. Extracts (6))] Friderici Wilhen Auctarimn ad Chrestormthiam suamyersicam, Leipzig 1806°*, pp. 6-10. (12) [The Tahirids and Saflarids (Latin)] see above under. Extracts (7). (13) [The Tahirids (Latin)] see above under Extracts (8). (14) [The Samanids (Latin)] see above under Ex- tracts (9). (15) [The Samanids (French)] see above under Extracts (10). (16) [The Ghaznawids (Latin)] see above under 1716°*). According to Jourdain {Noticea et extraits ix pp. 131-2) “ Teixeira n’a gukes pris, en general, de Mirkhond qne les noms des princes, leur succession et les epoques principales ; et qnoique son recit soit fort abrege, il y a mele beauconp de choses etrangeres a cet ecrivain.” For one or two other works in which Mir Khwahd is drawn upon see Elliot and Dowson History of India iv pp. 131-2. 100 ir; HISTOBY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Extracts (11). (17) [The ^ars of Gharjistan, Mahmud of Ghazm etc. (Latin)] see above under Extracts (12). (18) [Some passages on the Ghaznawids (English)] Elliot md 'Bowson .Iiistorf . of. India iv 134-40. (19) [The Buwaihids (German)] see above under Extracts (13). (20) [The IsmaTlis of Persia (French)] see above under Extracts (14). (21) [The Saljuqs (German)] Geschichte der SeldschuJcen . . . uhersetzt und mit . . . Anmer- hungen ertautert von J. A. Vullers, Giessen 1838°*. (22) [The Ghorids (Latin)] see above under Extracts (18). (23) [The Ghorids (English)] History of the Afghans : translated from the Persian of Neamet ^Ullah, by B. Dorn, Part i, London 1829°*, pp. 81-92. (24) [The Ghorids (French)] see above under Extracts (19). (25) [Passages relating to Chingiz Khan (French)] see above under Extracts (21). (26) [The Khans of Qipchaq, the ^irwaix- Shahs etc. {Pxench)] Fragments degiographes et didstoriens arabes et per sans inMitSy relatifs am anciens peuples du Caucase et de la Russie meridionale ; traduits et accompagnes de notes critiques, par M. Defr6mery, 7. Extraits de Khondemir {et de Mirkhond) (in the Journal Asiatique, 4® serie, tome xvii (Jan.-June 1851), pp. 105-62). (27) [Timur’s expedition against TuqtamiA Khan (French)] see above under Extracts (22). (28) [The autobiographical conclusion of Qism vi (French)] see above under Extracts (23). (29) [The Conclusion of the Khdtdmh (French)] see above under Extracts (24), Descriptions : (1) Le Jardin de la puret6 , . . Par ilf. Am. Jourdain (in Notices et extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliotheque mtionaleAomB ix (Paris 1813), pt. 1, pp. 117-274 ; (2) Hammer- Purgstall in Wiener Jahrbucher, vols. Ixix and Ixx, Anz. BL; (3) Journal des savants, Paris 1843, pp. 170-6 (Quatremere) ; (4) Elliot Bibliographical index, pp. 85-95 ; (5) Elliot and Dowson History of India iv, pp. 127-140 ; (6) Browne Lit. Hist iii 431-3 ; (7) Barthold Turkestan, London 1928, pp. 57-8. [Raudat ahsafff, preface ; Habib ahsiyar iii, Juz' 3, pp. 198 (Burhan al-Din Khawand-Shah), 339 (Mir Khwand) ; Kkazinah iganj i IldM (see Sprenger p. 72) ; Atasfhkadah no. 704 ; Silvestre de Sacy Memoires sur diverses antiquites de la Perse, Paris 1793, pp. ix-xiv ; Notices et extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliotheque A. GENERAL HISTORY 101 nationale, tome ix (Paris 1813), pt. 1, pp. 118-121 ; Journal des sawnfe, Paris 1843, pp. 170-5 (Quatrem&e) *, Elliot and Dowsoii History of India iv 127-8 ; Eien i p. 87 ; Browne iit Hist, iii 431-3 ; Ency. Isl. under MirlA^'and ; Ency. BnY. under Mirkkond.] 124. M. K Husain [b. ?] Lnt! Allah was employed at the court of the Bahmani sultan Mahmud Shah II (reigned a.h. 887/ 1482-924/1518), to whom he dedicated his Sifimt al-aMbdr. The Mdtimah of this work (on the Bahmanis) is described by him as an extract from a larger work <5f his own entitled Sirdj al4awdr%Mi. Sifwat al-dkhhdr^ a brief history from Adam to the death of M. b. Humayun Shah Bahmani (a.h. 887-1482), begun A.H. 902/1496 and for the most part translated from an Arabic work entitled Zubdat al-tawarVch : Bodleian 35. 125. Ghiyath al-Din b. Humam al-Din M., surnamed {mulaqqab) Khwand-Amm was, on his mother's side, the grandson of Mir Khwand (for whom see p. 92 supra), and was born, probably at Harat, circ. 880/1476-6. Mir ^Ali Shir (d. 906/1501, see below under Biography ; Poets) in 904/1498-9 placed at his disposal the historical works in his private library. Subsequently he entered the service of Badi^ al-Zaman, Sultan Husain’s eldest son. He was at Harat when it w^as captured by Shaibani in 1507 and by Shah Isma'il in 1510. In 920/1514 he was at Ba^t, a village in Gharjistan, engaged in literary work. In 934/1528 he went to India, was presented to Babur (d. 937/1530) at Agrah in 935/1528 and accompanied him on his expedition to Bengal in 1529. He went with Humayun on his expedition to Gujarat, and died, it seems, on the return march, probably in 942/1535-6, though 941/1534-5 is the date usually given. In accordance with his own desire he was buried at Delhi near Nizam al-Din Auliya, the celebrated saint, and Amir Khusrau. the poet. As already stated Khwand- Amir added a seventh volume to his grandfather’s Raudat ahsafd\ Other works of his are the 102 II. HISTOBY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Mahdrim ol-aldMq^ (see below under Biography), the Das^wf al- wuzard’ (see below under Biography), the Hwmyun-ndmah (see below under History : India : Timurids) and the InAd i Gfhivdth al-JDm (MS. in I.O.).i (1) Mahathir al~muluk, written in the lifetime of Mir Khwand (d. 903/1498), on the institutions, foundations and wise sayings of kings and ancient sages, arranged in historical order : H.]&. V p. 360, no. 11260, Eieu Suppt. 29 (def. at end. IQtli cent.), Majlis 619 (1). (2) Khulasat al-aM^dr ft baydn ahwdl al~a^ydr, completed in 905/1499-1500 and dedicated to Mir 'Ali Shir, a., general history to a.h. 875/1470-1, in a muqaddimah, 10 tmqdlahs and a Mdtifmh devoted to a description of Harat and to notices of eminent contemporaries : H.Kh. iii p. 163, no. 4744, Aya SuByah 3190 = Taner 125 (a.h. 908/1503), 3191 = Tauer 126 (A.H. 1001/1592-3), Rieu i 966 (a.h. 917/1511), 976 (17th cent.), 976 (latter part, from middle of Maqdlah viii. 17th cent.), 976 (latter half, Maqalah viii onwards. Late 18th cent.), iii '886a (def. at end. 16th cent.), Suppt. 30 (vol. i only (i.e. Maqdlahs i-vi). 18th cent.), Bukhara Semenov 63 (a.h. 940/1533-4), 64 (A.H. 930/1523-4), Blochet i 312 (1st half of 16th cent.), 313 (17th cent.), 314 (breaks off in Maqdlah viii. Early 16th cent.), BanMpur vi 463 (lacks Maqdlah ix and parts of viii and x. A.H. 966/1658-9), Eth^ 76 (a.h. 970/1563), 77 (a.h. 985/1578), 78, Berlin 397 (a.h. 975/1568), 398 (a.h. 1014/1606), 399 (vol. ii (i.e. Maqdlahs vii-x and Khdtimah). a.h. 1015/1607), R.A.S. P. 45 = Morley 32 (a.h. 977/1569), Bodleian 83 (a.h. 1001/1593), 84 (n.d.), 85 (n.d.), 86 (n.d.), Rosen Institut 15 (a.h. 1008/1699-1600 or 1007/1598-9), Ivanow 33 (late 10th or early 11th cent. a.h.), Browne Hand-list 1253 (a.h. 1055/ 1646), Suppt. 432, 433 (King’s 155), Dorn 282, 283 (lacks Maqdlahs i-iii and part of iv. a.h. 1056/1647), Lindesiana p. 177 no. 370 (oirc. a.d. 1650), Buhar 3 (17th cent.), Chanykov 63, Dom A.M. p. 205, p. 382 (defective), Mugel ii 834, Lund Suppt. 57 (14 PiCTHBES. See Gatalogm of the International Exhibi- ^ For the titles of some other works see Bankipur Cat. vi p. 20. A. GENEKAL HISTORY 103 tim of Persian Ah, London 1931, no. 720 B), Madras, Majlis 249, Romaskewiez p. 6 no.' 1049, Salemann-Rosen p 14 no. 851. Extracts : (1) [Account of tlie Greek etc. pliilosopliers and scientists from Maqaiali ii, with English translation] F. Gladwin The Persian Moonshee, Calcutta 1795° pp. , London 1801°'*', pt. ii, pp. 31-42. (2) [Eeigns of the Saljuqs Tu^ril Beg and Alp Arslan from Maqdlah viii, with French translation] Histoire des Seldjoukides, extmite deVcmvrage intitule, Khelassat-oul-aMibar, et traduite dti persmi de Khondemir, par Julien Dumoret (in Journal asiatiqiie, N.S., tome xiii (Jan.-June 1834) pp. 240-256). (3) [On the slaves of the Ghorid Sultans who themselves became Sultans, from Maqdlah viii] Elliot Bihliografhioal index, Muntakhahdt, pp. 21-4. (4) [Timur’s expedition against Tiiqtami^ Ehan, from Maqdlah x] Expedition de Timourd- Lenk ou Tamerlan contre Toqtamiche . , , en 793 . , , ou 1391 . , . Par M, Charmoy (in the Memoires de VAcademie Imp, des Sciences de St. -Peter sboiirg, 6® serie, tome iii (St, Petersburg 1836*) pp. 321-7 (Persian text), 471-6 (French translation). Translations of extracts : ( 1 ) [Account of the Creation (i.e. the Muqaddimah) and of Adam and his descendants to the time of Jacob (from Maqdlah i)] An account of the Preadamites, and ike history of the World . . . Extracted (Translated) f ram the Khehssut ul Akhhar of Khondemeer [by an anonymous translator] (in the Asiatick Miscellany, vol. i (Calcutta 1785°*), pp. 60-70, 140-155, 267-277, 433-443. (2) [Account of the Greek philosophers and scientists from Maqdlah ii (English)] See above under Extracts (1). (3) [a few extracts relating to Pre-Islamic Arabia] Essay towards the history of Arabia ... By Major D. Price (see p. 64 supra), Loudon 1824°*, pp. 87-8 etc. (4) [Accounts of al~ Hasan, al-Husain, Mu'awiyah, considerable portions of the accounts of the early h4bbasids, practically all the account of the dynasties contemporary with, and subsequent to, the 'Abbasids (Tahirids, Saffarids, Samanids, Buw’-aihids, Ghaznawids, Ismallis, Saljuqs, Khwarazm-Shahs, Atabaks, Qara-Khita’is, Muzaffarids, Sarbadarids, Ghdrids. Timur’s ancestors (but not Timur himself), Shah-Eu^ and his successors to the time of AbuT-Ghazi Sultan Husain) freely translated] D. Price Chrono- 104 IL history; BIOGBAPHY, ETC. logical retros^wct (London 1811-182r*, see p. 64 supra), vol; i pp. 365-389, vol. ii 2-28, 42-3, 63-7,. 64-6, 84-5, 137 - 220 , 224 - 456, vol iii 1-18, 485-501, 508-513, 519-656 (some of these groirps of pages contain short passages from other sources). (5) [Reigns of the Saljuqs Tii^ril Beg and Alp Arslan from MaqdMi viii (French)] see above under Extracts (2). (6) [On the slaves of the Ghorid Sultans who themselves became Sultans, down, to Rukn al-Din Firuz-^ah, i.e. about the first half of the extra-ct mentioned above under Extracts (3)] Elliot BibliograpMeal index, pp. 111-12, Elliot and Dowson History of India iv pp. 145-7. (7) [Timur’s expedition against Tuqtami^ Khan from Maqdlah x (French)] see above under Extracts (4). Descriptions : (1) Elliot BibliograpMeal index pp. 106-111, (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India ii p. 433, iv pp. 144-“5* (3) Habib al-siyar ft a^bar afrad al-ha^ar^ dedicated to Karim al-Din Habib Allah Sawaji, civil administrator of Harat, a general history extending to Rabf l a.h. 930/1524, a few months before Shah IsmalFs death, and divided into m. iftitdh and three mujallads, each subdivided into 4 ajzd' (viz. (1) (a) Prophets and sages, (6) Pre-Islamic kings of Persia and Arabia, (c) Muhammad, {d) first four Caliphs, (2) (a) Twelve Imams, (b) Umaiyads, (c) *Abbasids, (d) dynasties (mainly) contemporary with the 'Abbasids, (3) Khans of Tuxkistan. Chingiz Khan and his descendants, (6) Mamluks of Egypt, Qara-Khita’is of Kirman, Muzaffarids, Atabaks of Luristan, Kings of Rustamdar and Mazandaran, Sarbadars, Kurts, (c) Timur and his descendants to Sultan Husain’s sons, (d) Shah Ismail Safawl) with an iJMitdm containing a description of the inhabited globe and its curiosities : iii p. 14, Damad Ibrahim 901 = Tauer 127 (vols. i-ii and Juz^ 1-3 of vol. iii. a.h. 928-9/1522), 900 = Tauer 139 (complete, a.h. 1090/1679), Upsala 249-50 (vols. i-ii. a.h. 929- 30/1523-4, corrected by the author), Cairo p. 502 (vol. i only. A.H, 931/1525, said to be an autograph), Blochet i 316-326 (of these 320 (vol. iii and IMditam) is assigned to the early 16th cent., 321 (i ol. iii and IMtitdm) is dated a.h. 956/1549 and 322 (3rd pt. of vol. iii) A.H. 997/1588, 325 (4th pt. of vol. iii) is of the 16th cent,, 326 (3rd pt. of vol iii) is dated Harat, a.h. 1009/1600 A. GENERAL HISTORY 105 and 316 (vols. i-ii) a.h. 1011/1602), Rehatsek p. 81 (vol. iii. A.H. 956/1549), Mujsiafa Efendi 638 = Taiier 128 (vol. iii and IMtitam. a.h. 971/1563-4), Browne Pers. Cat. 57 (vol. i. A.H. 997/1589), 58 (vol.ii. a.h. 1039/1630), Suppt. 381—7 (of wMch 385 (King’s 138) contains vols. i-ii undated, vol. iii dated 966/ 1558-9 and vol. iv ^ a.h. 1077 /1666-7. 386 and 387 also belong to King’s College), Leyden iii p. 4 no. 911 (vol. i, del at end.), 912 (vol. iii, pts. 3, 4 and JMititdm. a.h. 979/1571/2), Yeni 842-3 = Tauer 129-30 (vols. i-iii st , Tx 6 . a.h. 980/1572), Hanudiyah 897 = Tauer 131 (vol. iii and IlMUdm. a.h. 982/ 1674, transcribed from an autograph), Dom 284 (vol. iii, pt. 3 (?). A.H. 989/1581-2 (?)), Ivanow 34-40 (of wbicb 38 (vol. iii, pts. 1 (beg.), 3 (end) and 4) is dated a.h. 993/1586), Curzon 2 (vol. ii, pt. 1 and beg. of pt. 2. 18tb cent.), 2nd Suppt. 925 (vol. i. Late 17th or early 18th cent.), 926 (vol. iii. A.H. 1029/ 1620), Bodleian 70-82 (of which 76 (vol. iii, pt. 1) is dated A.H. 995/1587, 79 (vol. iii, pt. 4) a.h. 1010/1601, 75 (vol. iii, pts. 1 and 2) a.h. 1026/1617, and 73 (vol. ii) is described as old), Nur i ‘TJ^maniyah 3403 = Tauer 132 (complete. a.h. 996/1688), Rieu i 98a-1026 (of which two. Add. 6559 (lOOo) (vol. i) and Add. 6562 (1006) (vol. iii, pt. 4 and IT^itdm) are assigned to the 16th century. Add. 27,237 (986) (vol. ii) is dated a.h. 1005/1597 and Add. 26,186 (1016) (vol. iii, pt. 4) a.h. 1009/1600, while several are of the 17th century), i 4246 ult. {IlMitdm only. A.H. 1056/1646), ii 843a (latter half of vol. i. a.h. 999/1591), iii 10656 (latter portion of vol. iii, pt. 3. a.h. 1062/1642), Suppt. 31 (vol. iii 16th cent.), B.A.S. P. 46-64 cf. Morley 33-41 (of which P. 51 (vol. ii, pt. 1) is dated a.h. 999/1590 and P. 48 (vol. ii) A.H. 1026/1617), Anmer 221-7 (of which 223 (vol. i, pts. 3 and 4) is assigned to the 10th cent. a.h. and 224 (vol. ii) is dated a.h. 1045/1636. 226 (vol. ii, pts. 1 and 2 (a.h. 1071/ 1660-1), vol. iii, pt. 4 (a.h. 1072/1661-2), biographical appendix (modern), IlMitdm (modem)) is the only one containing a part of vol. iii), Lindesiana p. 177 nos. 809-11 (a.h. 1000/1591-2 — 1063-1652-3), nos. 815-16 (eirc. 1660), nos. 398-9 (a.h. 1146/ 1733-4), no. 165 (vol. ii only. Circ. 1750), Ethd 79-99 (of which 89 (vol. iii, def. at end) is dated a.h. 1012/1603, 94 (vol. iii, pt. 3, ^ This of course differs from the normal division. 106 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETO, large fragment) a.h. 1026/1617 and 79 (voL i) a.h. 1070 (?)/ 1659-60, while 90 (voL iii lacking ITMitmi) is described as old), 1.0, 3962 (vol. iii), 4079, LO. D.P. 629, Chanyko? 64 (dedective), 65 (voLi. A.H. 1062/1643), Berlin 400-411 (of wliicli 401 (vol. i) is dated a.h. 1059/1649), p. 1060 no. 405^ (vol. iii and A.H. 1068/1648), Bankipur vi 464 (vols. i-ii, 17tli cent.), 466 (vol. i. 17tli cent.), 466 (vol. iii, pt. 3. Old.), 467 (vol iii, pt. 4. 18tli cent.), A§afiyah i p. 224 no. 1, iii p. 100 no. 1162 (vols. i-ii. Anrangzeb’s 35tb year), Buhar 4-6 (vol. i. 18tli cent.), D.M.G. 7 (vol. iii, pt. 3. A.H. 1244/1828-9), Fliigel ii 835 (vol. i, def. at end, and vol. iii dated a.d. 1843), Edinburgh 72 (vol iii, pts. 1 and 2. Late ISth cent.), BuMxara Semenov 51, Dorn A.M, p. 205 (vol. iii), MajHs 248 (vol iii), Mashhad iii p. 83 no. 30 (vol i), no. 31 (vol ii), Romaskewicz p. 5 nos. 1036 (vol iii, pts. 1-4), 1112 (vol iii), 1176 (vol ii), Salemann-Rosen p. 14 no. 283 (vol i). In addition to the Stambul MSS, mentioned above there axe at least 13 others at Stambnl (see Taner). Extracts (MS . ) : Mtddsah i Habib ahsiyar, the biographies f oimd in different parts of the work collected into one volume : Eth4 100. Editions : Tihran 1271/1856^ Bombay 1857^’^. Extracts : (1) [the earlier part of the fourth Jtiz' of Mtijallad ii, viz. the history of the Tahirids, Saffarids, Samanids, Ghazna- wids, the Kings of Tabaristan and Mazanclaran to the death of Shams al-Muluk Rustam, the Buwaihids, the Hasanwaihids and the Ziyarids] A history of the minor dynasties of Persia. Bewg an extract from the Hah%b~%is-siyar of ^ondamir. Edited by G. S. A. Ranking, London 1910°*. (2) [The history of Tabaristan, Mazandaran and Riistamdar (from Mujallad ii, Juz' 4. and Mujallad iii, Jiiz' 2) and that of the Sarbadars (from Mujallad iii, Juz' 2)] Die Geschichte Tabaristan' s und der Serbrdare nach Chondemir. Persisch und deutsch. Von B. Dorn (in the Memoires de V Academic des Sciences de St. P4tersbourg, y’f scSrie, Sc. polit, hist., tome viii (St. Petersburg 1866°*, actually read in 1849 and published separately, it seems, in 1860°*), pp. 1-182. (3) [Short extract from the history of the Ghaznawids in Mujallad ii, Juz' 4] Elliot Bibliographical index, p. 28. (4) [The life of Ibn Sina from Murjallad ii, Juz' 4] Biographic abregee d'Abou Aly Synd A. GENERAL HISTORY 107 ,'/,:^Par M. A. Joufdain {in Fundgmhen des Orient iii (Vienna pp. 163-7 (Persian text), 168-177 (Prencli translation)). (5) [From the reign of ^a^atay Flian to that of Mahmud Khan b. Yunus Khan, being a portion of MtyhlM iii, JiiP.X] Eistoife des Khans mongols dii Ttirhistan et de la Trans- oxianCy extmite du Habib Essiier de Kliondemify traduite , , . et accompagnee de notes, par M. 0, Defremery (in the Journalasiatique, 4® serie, tome xix (Jan.-June 1852) pp. 58-94, 216-288, followed in tome xx (July-Dee. 1852), pp. 370-406, by extracts from the Tdrildi i J aJidn-guAdy i J imaini relating to the revolt of Mahmud TarabT and the reigns of Chaghatay Khan. Ms son and grandson). (6) [The history of the Qara-Khita'i dynasty of Kirniaii from Miijallad iii, Jiiz' 2] Ghmndamif s af handling om Qarachitaisha dynastin i Kerman med mleding och anmarhningar . . . af E, A, Strandman, Helsingfors 1869®. (7) [Life of Timur, from Mujal- lad iii, Juz^ 3] Habeeb-os-sear. Life of Tamerlane etc., Bombay 1891® (the B.M. copy apparently lacks pp. 1-20). (8) [Timur’s expedition against Tuqtami^ Khan, from Mujallad iii, Jm' 3] Expedition de Timowr-i-Lenh on Tamerlan contre Toqtdmiche . . . en7% . . . otel391 . . . Par M , Charmoy {intliQ Memoires de VAcadSmie Imp, des Sciemes de St,-Petersbourg, 6® serie, tome iii (St. Petersburg 1836*)) pp. 328-349 (Persian text), 475-492 (French translation). (9) IntiUmb i Habib al-siyar [pp, 149] Cawnpore 1910*. Translations of extracts : (1) [The Caliphate of 'Uthman from Mujallad i, Jnz' 4] D. Price Qhronological retrospect (see p. 64 supra) vol. i, pp. 150-187 (roughly). (2) [MS. English translation (more than 600 pp.) by G. le Strange of considerable portions] Browne Suppt. 384. (3) [Kough MS. translation by Major H. G. Eaverty of copious extracts relating to Khurasan and Turldstan (from the 2nd and 3rd Jud of Mujallad ii), certain independent dynasties contemporary with the 'Abbasids (Tahirids, Safiarids, Samanids, ^aznawids, ^orids, (aorid slaves, Khaljis of Bengal, Iltutmi^ and his successors, Khaljis of Delhi, Kings of Sijistan, Khwarazm-Shahs, from Mujallad ii, Juz' 4), Chingiz Khan and his successors, Cha^atay and Ms successors, Hulagu and Ms successors from Mujallad iii, Juz' 1, the Qara-KhitaTs, the Kurts (from Mujallad iii, Juz' 2), 108 II. HISTORY, BIOORAPHY, ETC. Timux and Ms descendants (from Mujallad iii, Jm' 3), Shah. IsmalFs war against the Uzbaks (from Mujallad iii, Juz' 4)] 1.0. MSS. Inr. D. 203-4, (4) [The Mstory of Taharistan and Mazandaran and that of the Sarbadars (German)] see above under Extracts (2). (5) [The Ghaznawids, from 3Iujallad ii, Juz' 4] Elliot and Dowson History of India iv pp. 158-212 (translated by Henry Lnshington). (6) [The life of Ibii Sina hrom Mujallad ii, Juz' 4 (French)] see above under Extracts (4). (7) [The Khans of Turkistan, Chingiz Khan and Ms descendants, i.e. Mujallad iii, Juz' 1] D. Price Chfonological retrospect (see p. 64 above) vol. ii, pp. 457-716. (8) [Eussian translation of the history of the Mongols from Mujallad iii, Juz' 1]. Istoriya Mongolov, Ot drevnyeishihh vremen do Tamerlana, Perevod s Persidskago [by V. V. Grigor’ev], St. Petersburg 1834*^. (9) [From the reign of Cha^atay Khan to ‘that of Mahmhd Khan b. Yunus Khan from Mujallad iii, Juz' 1 (French)] see above under Extracts (5). (10) [English translation of the account of Kazan’s administrative system ■from Mujallad iii, Juz' 1] The Institutes of GMzdn Khan, Emperor of the Moghuls, By Captain William Kirkpatrick (in The New Asiatic Miscellany, vol. i, Calcutta 1789"^*, pp. 149-226). (11) [extracts relating to the Khans of Qip^aq from Mujallad iii, Juz' 1] Fragments de geographes et d'historiens arabes et persans inedits relatifs aux anciens peuples du Gaucase et de la Russie meridionale, Traduits . . . par M. Defremery . . . Extraits de Khondemir {et de Mirkhond) (in the Journal asiatique, 4® serie, tome xvii (Jan.-June 1851) pp. 106-162). (13) [Timur’s life, from Mujallad iii, Juz' 3] A literal translation of Habeeb-us-siyar, life of Tamerlane, Bombay 1900 (Pts. 5-8 are in the B.M.). (13) [Timur’s expedition against Tuqtami^ from Mujallad iii, Juz' 3 (French)] see above under Extracts (8). (14) [Part of Sultan Abu T-^azi Husain’s life, from Mujallad iii, Juz' 3 (French)] Vie de Sultan Hossdn Balkara traduit de Kho 7 %demir, par H, Ferte, pt. 1 (86 pp. : no more published) Paris 1898° (For reviews see Journal Asiatique, K.S., tome xi (Jan.-June 1898) pp. 357-60 and 1898 pp. 889-892). Descriptions: (1) Elliot Bibliographical index pp. 121-6; (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India iv pp. 154-8. A. GENEBAL HISTORY 109 \Hah%h al-siyar iiiy^, 198, 179, 194 ; Bdbicr-ndmah in English 605 (see also index); Tuhfah i Sami; Haft iqlim, no. 1495; EJia^nah i ganj i ildhl (see Sprenger p. 75); Journal des savantSy 'Palis 1843, pp. 386-394 (Quatremere) ; Elliot, Biblio' graphical ifidex, pp, 106-110; Elliot and Dowson History of India, iv, pp. 141-4 and v, p. 116 ; Eien i 96-8, iii 10796 ad 966, 10796-1080a ad 98a, Snppt. 31 ; Browne Lit, Hist, of Persia iii 434 ; Ency, I si, under Kh^andamir ; Bankipnr Cat. vi pp. 25-6.] 126. ‘Abd aBKarini b. M. abNMYDi[?]H[1]I [aBNaimdihi ?] ^ tells ns [Eton 160, fol. 4466, if, as is probable, mu'alUf guyad sbould be read there] that the first king to whom he did obeisance was Turan-Shah, the ruler of Hnrmuz [d. 875/1470-1], who for a year or two assigned him a stipend of 1,000 dinars. In 878/1473-4 he saw with his own eyes a two-headed monstrosity born at Bnrhanpur [Eton 160, fol. 449a]. In 887 /i482 he was- present at the enthronement of Mahmud-Shah II Bahmanl [Eton 160, fol. 457a]. In 892/1487 he was sent by the ruler of Hurmuz on a mission to the King [of Gujarat presumably] and was shipwrecked on the way [Eton 160, fol. 464a], It was by order of Mahmud-Shah Begarah [reigned a.h. 863/1459-917 /1511] that he wrote al-fabaqdt al-Mahmvd- Shdhlyah, al-Tahaqdt ahMahmud’-^dhiyahJ‘ a general history to A.H. 905/1499-1500 divided into a (the first thirteen years of the Prophet’s nnssion), nine |a6agai (each devoted to the events of a century, year by year, beginning with the Hijiah) and a Ehatimah (on the first five years of the tenth century), the ninth tabagah and the Mdtimah containing much informa- tion about events in Southern India, especially Gujarat : Eton 160 (17th cent. Not very correct). 127. Mahk al-qudat Sadr i jahan Paid Allah b. Zain al- ■^abidin b. Husam Banbani tells us that in 907/1501-2 he was ^ The author may possibly be identical with Mulla * Abd al-K.arim Hamadani who wrote a life of Mahmud i Gawan (summarised by Firiiitah at the end of his account of Muhammad Shah Bahmani) and, according to Rieu (iii 067a}, a Ma'a^ir i Mahmud- Shaht, 2 Firishtah quotes the ** Tahaqdt i MahmM-flhakt more than once, but iie does not mention the name of the author. no IL HISTOBY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. at B!dai% wMtlier lie liad been sent on a mission by Ms sovereign Mahmud Sh^ Begarab of Gujarat (reigned a.h. 863/1459- 917/1511), and that be was then engaged on his history. A work of his entitled Khdusat ahhiMmt is preserved at the India Office (10. 3730). (JanM i Sadr i jahdn),^ a general history extending from the Creation to the 9th century ^ and containing in Qism III ^ a first maqdlali in nine tabaqaJis devoted to dynasties con- temporary with the 'Abbasids (the last two being (8) the Sultans of Egypt and Syria to a.h. 719/1319 and (9) the Isma'ilis to the death of Eiikn al-Din Khwurshah a.h. 654/1256). a second maqdlah dealing with Indian dynasties and perhaps a third maqdlah (or a fourth qmn or a Mdtimah ?) devoted to (1) poets, (2) AsMb, (3) Tdbim, (4) etc. : Eieu i 886 (lacks nearly ^ all the Indian portion. A.H. 1012/1604), iii 885a (extending to the death of al-Hasan. Circ. A.i). 1860), iii 1035a (Or. 1908 foil. 58-61, 110-16) (extracts from the Paris MS. (see Eieu iii i079). A.B. 1851), Bloehet i 315 (18th cent.), Browne Pers. Cat. 43 (ends with the Isma'ills of Persia, a.h. 1230/1815), Browne Coll. G. 12 (12) ='^Houtum-Schindler 4 (slightly defective at both ends), Bankipur vi 462 (ends with the Isma'ilis of Persia. A.H. 1240/1825). [Eieu i 866, iii 1079.] 128. It was at the command of Abu d-^azi Sultan 'Abd al- Lagf Bahadur Khan, Uzbak ruler of Transoxiana a.h. 947/1540- 959/1551, that Mas'uffi ^ b, ‘Uthman Kuhistani wrote his Tarlkh i Abu U-Khair-'Khdm^ a florid general history closing with a long account of Abu fi-Ehair Khan, the founder ^ The title Tabaqat i Mabmud-^hahl given to this work in the catalogue of the Browne Collection depends on the doubtful authority of a note written on a %-Ieaf of Browne Coll. G. 12 (12). A work undoubtedly called al-Tabaqat al- Mahmud- SMhiy ah has already been mentioned (p. 109 supra). ^ Apparently only the Indian history is brought down to this period. ^ Doubtless owing to an oversight (of the author’s ?) the beginnings of Qism 1 and Qisrn II are not marked, it seems, in the MSS. None of the recorded MSS. contains a preface. ^ This may (or may not) be a mistake for Mas'ud, as Rieu and Barthold supposed. Ill A. GENEBAL HISTOBY of the Uzbak dynasty (b. 1412, d. 1468, see Emy. Id. under Abu 1-Khair) and a sketch of the history of his descendants in Samarqand and Khurasan : BanMpik vi 468 (a.h. 999 / 1591 ), Rieu i 102& (imperfect. 17th cent.), Salemann-Rosen p. 12 no. 852d Tashkent (see Kahl p. 21), : '129. Mir Yahya b. *Abd al-Latif al-Husaini ^ al-Saifi al-Qazw!ni was born in Dh u d-Qa'dah 885/1481. In 960/1552-3 being denounced as chief of the Sunms of Qazwin he was imprisoned by order of Shah Tahniasp at Isfahan and died there in Rajab 962/1556. Mir hibd al-Latif QazwM, Akbar’s teacher, and Mirza 'Ala’ al-Daulah "Kami” Qazwini, the author of the Nafd'is al-ma'dthir, were his sons, and Naqib Ehan, a noble of the reigns of Akbar and Jahangir and one of the translators of the MaMbhcirata, his grandson. Lubb ahtawarlkh^ a sketch of general history to a.h, 948/ * 1542, the date of completion, written for Abu ’1-Fath Bahram •Mirza, fourth son of Shah Isma^il, and divided into four qi^mB ((1) Muhammad and the Imams, (2) Pre-Islamic Persian kings, (3) Post-Islanoic kings, (4) the Safawis) : H.Kh. v p. 307, Leyden iii p. 6 no. 913 (a.h. 972/1564-5), no. 914 (a.h. 1055/1646-6), Rida Pasha = Tauer 147 (a.h. 992/1584), Blochet i 327 (end of’ieth cent.), 328 (a.h, 995/1686), 329 (a.h. 1006/1697), 330 (A.H. 1007/1598), 331 (a.h. 1050/1640), 332 (a.h. 1070/1659), 333 (17th cent.), 334 (a.d. 1640), 335 (17th cent.), Bayazid 2444== Tauer 148 (a.h, 997/1588-9), Leningrad Asiat. Mus. (at least four copies, of which one is dated a.h. 998/1589-90 and another a.h. 1014/1605. See Dorn A.M. p. 670 and Melanges asiatiques i (St Petersburg 1852) pp. 3-14, iii (1859) p. 493 and vi (1873) p. 120), Bodleian 88 (a.h. 1009/1601), 89 (defective, n.d.), 90 (a.h. 1055/1645), 91 (defective), 92 (defective), 93 (defective), 94 (small extract), 95 (same extract), Flugel ii 836 (1) (a.h. 1021/ 1612), Nnr i ‘Uttoaniyah 3189 = Tauer 149 (a.h. 1030/1621), Em 101 (A.H. 1031/1622), 102 (n.d.), 103 (a.h. 1053/1644), LO. 3672 (A.H. 1217/1802), Ross and Browne 135 (a.h. 1270/1853-4), ^ According to Barthold {Ency. JsL article on Abu 'I-Khair) this is nofe the only MS. of the work preserved at Leningrad. ® al-Hasani according to the prints text of the Ma'a&ir al-u'tmra\ 112 II. HISTOEY, BIOGKAPHY, ETC. BuMr 6 (A.H. 1073/1662 ?), Eieu i 104a (17th ceut.), 1056 (17tK cent.), 1066 (a.h. 1242/1826), ii 7976‘(a.h. 1197/1783), BanMpur vi 469 (17th cent.), Ivanow Curzon 3 (beginning of Qim l. 17th cent.), Rehatsek p. 86 no. 25 (a.h. 1240/1825), A^ajHyah i p. 250 nos. 373 (a.h. 1264/1838-9), 514 (n.d.), Edinburgh 239 (old), Bu^ara Semenov 95, Krafft p. 87, Leningrad Pub. Lib. (see Melanges asialiques iii (St. Petersburg 1859) p. 727), Majlis 270, Salemann-Rosen p. 18 no. 177*, Vatican 48. Extracts: (1) [3 pages on the S^-wan-Shahs, with German translation] Dorn Das Asiatische Museum, (St. Petersburg 1846^*) pp. 670-6, (2) [12 pages on the Buwaihids] Mdanges asialiques, tome i (St. Petersburg 1852°*), pp. 3-14. Latin translation : Lvbb-it Tavarich sen Medulla Historiarum auctore Ommia JaJihia, Ad \aic\-Olhtiji jilio, Kazbiniensi ; ifiterpretibus e persico Gilierto Gaulmino et Antonio Gallando. [Paris 1690 (see Z.DM.G. vol. 15 (1861) pp. 674, 687).^] HaUe 1783° (in A. F. Biisching’s Magazin fiir die neue Historic und Geograpkie, Theil 17, pp. 1-180). Extract from Gaulmin and Galland’s translation : M. Thevenot Relations de divers voyages curieux . . . nouvelle edition, Paris 1696°,® tom. ii, pt. iv, pp. 17-48. 1 More than half of the work had been printed at Paris wlien Gaulmin died and Galland undertook the task of seeing the rest of the book through the press and completing the translation with the help of a manuscript brought from Asia by Thevenot [Blochet i 335 apparently] and less defective than Gauimin’s [Blochet i 333] (see Biisching Magazin fur die neve Historie, ThI. xvii, Vorrede and p. 166). A manuscript of this translation preserved at Dresden (Fleischer’s Catalogue p. 55 no. 363) and written partly, it seems, by Galland includes some printed pages (numbered 17»48) with manuscript corrections, apparently by Galland. A note (of Eostgaard’s ?) on fol. 626 (‘‘ Hie in exem- plari edito sequebatur Pars quarta , . .”) implies (perhaps wrongly) that the translation was (not only printed but) published at Paris, but one on foL 726 in the same hand states that Galland’s additions were never printed there (“ Hie incipiunt quae Gallandius interpretatus est ex Codiee Thevenotii, et quae in Gaulminx codiee defuerunt, et quae nunquam impressa fuenmt”). Biisehing’s text was based on a transcript made by Reiske from the Dresden MS. (so Fleischer loc, ciL), though Biisching supposed Reiske to have made his transcript from a printed edition at Dresden. A transcript made by A. J. Penzelius from Reiske’s is preserved at Berlin (Pertsch’s catalogue, no. 413). 2 This extract does not seem to occur in the India Office copy. A. GENERAL HISTORY 113 In 1621 Pietro della Valle expressed Hs intention of translating the work into Italian (see Elliot and Dowson History of India iv 293). Descriptions : (1) Elliot Bibliographical hidex p. 134 ; (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India iv pp. 293-7. [Haft iqlim no, 1261 ; Ma'd^ir ahumard' iii 81-3 (in the life of Naqib Khan) ; Elliot and Dowson History of India iv 293-4 ; A'in i A]cbar% tr. Blochmann, i 447 ; Rieu i 104, iii 1080a.] 130. It was apparently in 957 /1550-1 ^ (or at any rate not much later) that Ibrahim ibn Jarir [if the '' Harir of Ethe 105 foL la is to be so read] completed his Tdrikh i Ihrdhtmt or Tdrikk i Humdyum, a concise general history extending to a.h. 956/1549 or a.h. 957/1550 ^ : Eth6 105 (defective and much damaged. Not later than 1069/1658-9), 104 (a.h. 1096/1685), Blochet i 336 (a.h. 1092/ 1681), Bodleian 97 (old), Rieu iii 1013a (account of Humayun only. Giro. a.b. 1850), 1046a (extracts only. Circ. A.n. 1850). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India iv 213-17 (where copies belonging to the Moti Mahall at Lucknow, the Nawwab of Jhajjar, and Hajji Muhammad of Peshawar are mentioned). 131. Khwurshah b. Qubad al-Husaini, a native of al-'Iraq, was sent by Burhan Nizam-^ah I of Ahmadnagar (reigned A.H. 914/1508-961/1653) on an embassy to ^ah Tahmasp, who received him at Qazwin in 952/1545. In 971/1563-4 he was stiU. at the court of Shah Tahmasp, but he is said to have died at Golconda on the 25th of Dhu 1-Qa'dah 972/1665. FiriAtah was unable to obtain a work of his containing a detailed account of the Qutb-Shahs (cf. Rieu i Ilia). ( Tdrt^ i ilcjn i Nizdm-Shdh\ a general history to a.h. 970/ *^1562-3, in a muqaddimah (Adam and Noah) and seven maqdldt ((1) Pre-Islamic Persia, the Yemen etc., (2) Muhammad and his ^ See Blochet i 336. In the preface as given in that manuscript 935/1528-9 is mentioned as the current year. ® A.H. 952/1545 is the latest date mentioned in the account of Humayun with which the work ends. 114 II. HISTORY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. successors to the fall of the 'Abbasids, (3) dynasties contemporary ■with the 'Abbasids, (4) the Chingizids etc., (5) the Timhrids, (6) Qara-Qnyunlus, Aq-Quyunlus, ^ah Isma'il, Shah Tahmasp, Padishahs of Eimi, (7) Sultans of India), valuable for the history of Tahmasp and the minor Persian dynasties contemporary with Ismail and Tahmasp : Rieu i 107a (lacks guftars i (Tabaristan and adjacent countries, viz. Shirwan, Jilan, Mazandaran, Eustamdar, Hazarjarib) and 5 (Turkey) of Maqdlah yi whole of Maqdlah vii (India), a.h. 1095/1684), 110a (contains only Maqdlah -vi guftdrs 3 (^ah Ismail and Shah Tahmasp), 4 and 5 and Maqdlah vii. a.h. 972/1565), Rieu Suppt. 32 {Maqdlalis i-v Maqdlah vi guftdrs 1 (Qara-Quyunlus), 2 (Aq- Quyunliis) and most of 3 (Shah Isma'il). 18th cent.), A^afiyali iii p. 94 no. 1330. Guftdrs 4 and 5 of Maqdlah vi and Maqdlah vii are incorporated in the later recension of the Fawd'id i Safawiyah represented by Rieu i 133. Extract (viz. Guftdr iv of Maqdlah vi on the rulers of ^irwan, the Jiianat, Mazandaran, Rustamdar and Hazarjarib con- temporary with Shah Ismail and Shah Tahmasp) : C. Schefer Chrestojnathie persane, tome ii, Paris 1885®*, pp. 55-104 and (notes) pp. 65-133. [Autobiographical information in the TdriMi ; note concerning his death by the transcriber of Rieu i 110a ; Rieu i 107a ; Schefer Chrestomathie per sane ii (notes) 65-8.] 132. Qadi Altoad b. M. al-Ghaffari al-Qazwini was a descend- ^ ant of the well-known ^afil jurist "Abd al-Ghaffar al-Qazwini (author of al-Hdwi 'l-sagMr, d. 665/1266, see Subki v 118, Brock, i 394), and his father was Qddl of Rai. Sam Mirza mentions him in Hs Tuhfah i Sdrm as a guest in his house. He died A.H. 975/1567-8 at Daibul in Sind on his return from a hajj. . (1) Nigdristdn^ composed in 959/1562 and (according to ^ some copies) dedicated to Shah Tahmasp, a collection of 330 historical narratives and anecdotes arranged under dynasties : H.Kh. vi p. 381, Bodleian 337 (author’s brouillon), 339 {A.H. 1077/1667 1), 340, Rieu i 106a (a.h. 970/1563), 1065 {16th cent.), 107a (a.h. 1014/1605), 107a (a.h. 1044/1634), A. GENEEAL HISTORY 115 107fl (a.h. 1080/1669), iii 8856 (abridged. a.h. 1188/1776), 1045ffl (extracts with analysis of tbe work. Circ. a.d. 1850), 10656 (A.H. 1085/1674), Mn§tafa Efendi 722 = Tauer 151 (a.h. 988/1580), Nur i ‘TJthmaniyah 4353 (1) == Tauer 152 (a.h. 989/1581), Chanykov 69 (a.h. 1008/1599), Bloehet i 337 (A.H. 1008/1599), 338 (a.h. 1032/1622), 339 (early 17tb cent.), 340 (ditto), 341 (a.h. 1062/1651), 342 (a.h. 1074/1663), 343 (a.h. 1099/1687), Lindesiaaa p. 143 no. 400 (ciro. 1600), no. 22 (before a.h. 1058), no. 326 (ciro. 1650), no. 327 (circ. 1700), nos. 324-5 (circ. 1750), BanMpur vi 470 (a.h. 1018/1609), Browne Pers. Cat. 59 (a.h. 1023 /1614), Suppt. 1327 (n.d. Corpus 3), Dorn A.M. p. 205, p. 383, p. 676 (a.h. 1058/1648), HaMm- o^lu ‘All 816 = Tauer 166 (a.h. 1072/1662), Krafft 246 (Lust OF THE Axbcdotes. A.H. 1085/1674), Berlin 414 (a.h. 1110/ 1699), Anuri Efendi Pers. 781 = Tauer 157 (a.h. 1119/1707), Eth5 606-613, 1.0. D.P. 773 (16tb cent.), 1.0. 3939, Ivanow 298 (17tb cent.), 299, Yeni 910 = Tauer 153 (17tb cent.), As‘ad 2941 = Tauer 154 (17tb cent.), Buhar 7 (a.h. 1168/1755 1), Eton 89 (A.H. 1197/1782-3), Aberystwyth 1 (a.h. 1210/1795), D.M.G. 8 (a.h. 1211/1796-7), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (see Oriental College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (May 1926) p. 57 (a.h. 1239/1824)), A?aSyah i p. 230 no. 766, p. 258 nos. 258 and 360, Breslau 20, Bu^ara Semenov 113, Dom 285 (defective), Leningrad Pub. Lib. (see Manges asiatiques ui (St. Petersburg 1859) p. 727), Asiat. Mus. (see MManges asiatiques vi (1873) p. 122), Leyden iii p. 6 no. 915, Ma^had iii p. 103, B.A.S. P. 55 = Morley 42, Eehatsek p. 88 no. 27, Romaskewicz p. 15 no. 1107*, Salemann-Rosen p. 20 nos. 95, 184, 616. Editions: Bombay 1829°*, 1275/1859°. Extracts : Dom, Muhammedanische Qiidkn zur Geschichte der sudlichen Kilstenl&nder des Kaspiscken Meeres, St. Peters- burg 1850-8°*, iv 423-5. Descriptions : (1) Hammer-Purgstall Geschichte der schmen Redehunste Persiens, Vienna 1818, pp. 307-9 (where a German translation of the first anecdote is given), (2) Elliot and Dowson History of India ii 604. Turkish translation : B.M. 5©. Add. 7852. 116 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (2) Nusakh i jahdn-drd (diron. = 97 2/1564-5), com- .monly called the Jahdn-dm^ a general history to a.h. 972/1664-5, dedicated to Shah Tahmasp, valuable for local and otherwise little-known dynasties instructively arranged '' according to the affiliation or natural connection of dynasties (Eien), and divided into an 'umvdn (on the age of the world and prophetship) and three nusaUi ((1) on the Prophets and the 12 Imams, (2) Pre-Mamie and Islamic kings, (3) the Safawis) : H.Kh. under Jahan-aray, Bayazid 2397 = Tauer 158 (a.h, 990/1582. Bad MS.), 10. D.P. 626 (a.h. 997/1589), Ethe 106 (n.d.), 107 (lacuna), 108 (lacunae), Eieu i 1116 (17th cent. Pull Analysis), 1096 (extracts only), ii 8086, Bodleian 98 (n.d.), Breslau 21, Pliigel ii 837 (last safhalis of NusMah ii and NusMahiiL Modern transcript of a MS. of a.h. 990), Browne OolL G. 10 (13) = Houtum-Schindler 6 (incomplete : ends at 927/1521). Text and trans. of the chapters on the PiMadians, Kayanians, Muluk ahtaivd'if, and Sasanians : Epitome of the ancient history of Persia. Extracted and translated from the Jehan Ara , . . By W. Ouseley, London 1799"*. Descriptions : (1) Wiener Jahrbucher, vol. 69, Anz, Blatt, pp. 35-7, (2) Elliot and Bowson History of India iv 298-300. [Tuhfah i Sdml ; NafdHs ahma^aMr ; Haft iqltm no. 1265 ; 'Abd al-Qadir MuntaT^b ahtawdriJeh iii 185 ; Ilahi (Sprenger p. 70) ; Ataithadah no, 516 ; Sham' i anjuma7i p. 57 ; Rahman ‘Ali 18; Enoy. Isl. under QhaffarL] 133. M. Muslih al-Din b. Salah b. JaM b. Kamal b. M. al-Laxi al-Ansari al-Sa^di al-‘IJbadi^ al-Shafi^i, a native of Lar, studied, doubtless at Slmaz, under Mir Ghiya^ al-Din Mansur Shirazi, 'Mulla Sadra's son (d. 948/1541-2 or 949/1542-3, see Majdlis al-mu'minm 350, Rauddt al-janndt iv 129-30, Rieu ii 826,Brockelmann ii 414), and Mir Kamal al-DinHusain[b. M. b. Pakhr al-Din b. ‘Ali al-Lari ?], a pupil of al-Dawwani’s [pre- sumably he who in 918/1612-13 or 928/1521-2 completed a ^ aI-*Ubadi, not al-Tbadi, is doubtless the correct transliteration, since by calling himself aI-Sa‘di al-‘Ubadi he presumably claims descent from the well-known Sahuhi^ Sa‘d b. ‘Ubadah al-An§ari (for whom see Ency. IsL). A. GENERAL HISTORY 117 commentary on al-Dawwani’s al-Zmm\ see AHwardt 3226, iii 6113 and 6874]. Subsequently be went to India and was well received by Humayto (reigned 937/1530-963/1556). On Humayun’s death be went on tbe pilgrimage to Mecca and tbence to Constantinople. Dissatisfied with tbe stipend granted to bim, be migrated to Amid, where Iskandar Paia appointed him first tutor to himself and bis sons and then [in 967 /1559 according to Babinger] Director of Kbusrau Papa's Madrasah. He died at Amid, more than sixty years old, in Dhul-Hijjah 979/1672. He was tbe author of several commentaries and hawd^ (see tbe bst in aVIqd ahmanzum) including (1) Sha^ndHl i Nabawl, a Persian commentary on al-Tirmidhi's ShamWil ah Nabi (see p. 174 infra), (2) a commentary on al-Qii^jfs Persian Risdlah fl'hhai'ah (MSS.: Decourdemanche S.P. 1879, Fliigel ii 1423), (3) a Midyah on al-Maibu&fs commentary on al-Abbaii’s Hiddyat ahhikmaJi (see Abiwardt 5067, Brockel- mann i 464), Mifat ahadwar wa-mirqat ahakf^dr^ a general history from tbe Creation to the accession of Sultan Salim II b. Sulaiman, A.H. 974/1566, divided into a muqoMimah and 10 bdbs (tbe tenth deabng with Ottoman history) and having in the latter part biographies of scholars etc. inserted after the most important reigns : H.Kh. v p. 479 no. 11718, Nur i 3156 = Tauer 159 (a.h. 987/1579), Aya Sufiyah 3085 = Tauer 160 (a.h. 1029/1620), IDialis Efendi 4374 - Tauer 161 (17th cent.), Eieu i 1155 (breaks off in 934/1527-8. 17tb cent.), Blocbet i 344 (early 18tb cent.), Fliigel ii 838 (an abridgment, a.h. 1135/1723), EtM 109 (defective at beginning. N.d.), Ma^had iii p. 101, Leningrad Imp. Pub. Lib. (see Melanges asiatiques iii (St. Petersburg 1859) p. 728), Mus. Asiat. (see Melanges asiatiques iv (St, Petersburg 1860--3) p. 498 and vi (1873) p. 122). Amplified Turkish translation (omitting Bah x (Ottoman history)) by tbe well-known Sa'd al-Din b. Hasan Jan (d. 1008/ 1599, see Ency. Isl. under Kho^a Efendi, Babinger Geschkhts- sehreiher der Osmanen pp. 123-6 etc.) : H.IOi. v, p, 479, Hiigel ii 845, Lindesiana p. • 257. For other MSS. (several 118 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. at Constantinople) see Babinger GescMchtsschreiber der pp. 94r-5. [^Ali b. Bali ad-Tmmzum ft dMcr afdiil al-Eum (in Arabic), on margin of Ibn Khallikan, Cairo 1310, voL iipp. 247-252 ; Haft iqltm no. 265 ; M. Ma'siini TarlM i Sind, tr. Malet, p. 131 ; 'Ata’i HaddHq ahliaqa/iq fl takmilat al-Shaqd'iQ (in Tni'kish), Stambnl 1268, p. 169 foil. ; Eieu i 116 ; Brockelmann ii 420 ; Babinger GescMcMsscJmibef der Osnmnen p. 94.] 134. Mun^i Budaoi Qazwini dedicated to Shah. Isma'il II ^ (reigned a.h. 984/1576-985/1678) his Jawdhir al-ahJjfbdr^ a general history to a.h. 984/1576-7 : -J Dorn 288 (autograph). Extract relating to Timur’s expedition against Tuqtanii^ Khan : Exf edition de Timour-i'-Lenh ou Tamerlan centre Toq- tamiche , , . en 795 * ou 1391, par M. Charmoij (in Memoires de VAoademie Imperiale des sciences de Saint-PetershoiiTg, vf serie, sciences politiques, histoire et philologie, tome iii (St. Petersburg 1836'"'^)) pp. 350-7. French translation of the above extract : ibidem pp. 492-501. [Jawdhir al-alMdr towards end.] 135. In the year 993/1585 Akbar gave orders for the compila- tion of a history of Islam down to the thousandth yeebi of the Hijrah (cf. 'Abd al-Qadir Muntakhab aVtaivarlkh ii 318-19 etc.). Short periods having been assigned to different compilers, ISfaqib Khan ^ and ^ah Fath Allah ^ (to whom were allotted Mir Ghivath al-Din ‘All b. ‘Abd al-Latif Qazwini was the grandson of Mir ' Yabya Qazwini, the author of the Luhb ahtmoarllch (for which see p. Ill su^pra). In consequence of Shi‘ite persecution his father left Persia and the two reached the Mu^ai court in 963/1555-6. Mir Ghivath al-Din ‘'All became a great friend of Akbar’s and in 988/1580 received from him the title of Haqib Khan. He excelled in history and is said to have known the Raudat al-safcd by heart. He w’as one of those who collaborated in the Persian translation of the Malid- bhcimta undertaken by order of Akbar. He died at Ajmer in the ninth year of Jahangir’s reign, a.h. 1023/1614. [A’zn i Akban tr. Blochmann pp. 447-9, where further references are given ; 3Iemoirs of Jahangir tr. Rogers and Beveridge, i 264-5 ; Ma'dtMr al-urnarcd iii 812-817 ; Tadhkirat al-umara* ; Elliot and Dowson History of India iv 295-6 ; Rieu i 576 etc.] ^ Mir Path Allah Shirazi, an eminent mathematician and scientist, and a A, GENERAL HISTORY 119 the first and the second year respectively), Hakim Hnmain,^ Hakim 'Ali,^ Hajji Ibrahim Sirhindi,^ Mirza Nizam al-Din Ahmad/ ^4bd al-Qadir Bada’uni ^ and others, thirty-five years were finished in the course of a week. For the period from the thirty-sixth year onwards Mulla Ahmad b. Nasr Allah Daibuli Tattawi ® was made solely responsible. He had written two volumes extending to the time of Ghazan Khan ^ when in 996/1588 he was murdered, and the continuation of the work pupil of GhiyaA al-Dlii Man§ur Shirazi, went to Bijapur by invitation of [‘All] ‘Adil-Shah. In 991/1593 lie was invited to Akbar’s court and became an intimate friend of the Emperor. Ho assisted Todar Mai in the financial administration and it was he who calculated the Ilahi era (see Rieu iii 10536). He died prematurely in Ka^mir a.h. 997/1588-9. [Tahaqat i Ahban ii 408, 457 ; MuntaWiah al4aimri^ ii 315-18, 369, iii 154 ; J[’m i Akban tr. Blochinann p. 33 ; Haft iqlim no. 231 ; Ma’^atMr al-umara’ i 100-5; Rieu iii 10536.] ^ Hakim Humam b. Mir ‘Abd al-Razzaq Gilanl, a personal friend of Akbar’s, was Bakawal Beg. He died in 1004/1595, [M’m i Akbari tr. Blochmann p. 474 ; Sprenger p. 414.] 2 Hakim ‘AH Gilanl, called Jalinus ai-zamani, the author of a commentary on Ibn Slna’s was sent on one occasion on an embassy to Bijapur (Firi^tah ii 47) and attended Akbar in his last illness. He died in 1018/1609. [AHn i Akbari tr. Blochmann pp. 466-8,] ® Ibrahim Sirhindi was one of those who took part in the theological dis- cussions staged by Akbar. He died at Rantanbhor in 994/1586. [J[’m i Akbari tr. Blochmann pp. 105, 172, 174, 189, 547 ‘Abd al-Qadir Muntahhab al4awarikh ii 187-8.] ^ The author of the Tahaqat i Akbar-Shdhi. ® The author of the Muntahhab ahtawdrikh. ^ Ahmad Tattawi, a son of the Qa^i of Tattah, became in early life a convert to ^‘ism, loft Tattah at the age of twenty-two and went to study divinity and medicine at Ma^ihad, Yazd and Shiraz. He spent some time in Qazwin at the court of Shah Tahmasp, after whose death in 984/1576 he visited Karbala’, Mecca and Jerusalem. Returning then to India he spent some years at the court of the Qutb-Shah of Golconda. In 989/1581 he was presented at Akbar’s court, and in 996/1588 he was murdered at Lahore. He was the author of a work entitled Khuldsat cd-haydt on ancient and modem philosophers (see Rieu iii 10346, A?aflyah i p. 318 no. 33). [Majdlis ahmu'mimn (the last biography in Majlis v) ; Tahaqat i Akbari ii 482; MuntaJimb al4awdTiMi ii 317, 319, 364 ; A* in i Akbari tr. Blochinann pp. 106, 206 ,* Ma'dthir al-urmra" iii 260-4 ; Elliot and Dowson History of India v pp, 150-6; Rieu i 117.] ’ *Abd al-Qadir Bada’uni says Q|imgiz Khan, but see Rieu i p. 119a ulL 120 II. HISTOEY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. was entrusted to Asaf Khan (Ja'far Beg)/ who brought it down to 997/1588-9. In 1000/1591-2 ‘Abd al-Qadir Bada’uni was ordered to revise the work and in one year he dealt with the first two volumes. The third ^ he entrusted to Asaf Khan. Tarlkh i alfl, a large history of Islam firom fhe Rihlat, or death of the Prophet (which is treated here as the beginning of an era), to A.H. 997 /1588-9 : Eth6 112 (vols. ii-iv ^ (Kihlat 183 /a.h. 193 /a.d. 80&-9 — Rihlat 987/a.h. 997 /a.d. 1588-9). A.H. 1015/1606), 110 (first half, down to a.h. 510/1116-17. A.H. 1058/1648), 111 (vol. ii, defective at end (Kihlat 135/ A.H. 145/A.n. 762-3 — Rihlat 506/a.h. 616/a.d. 1122-3)), 113 (vols. ii (small part only), iii, iv defective at end (Rihlat 484/ A.H. 494/a.d. llOO-l — Rihlat 975/a.h. 985/a.d. 1577-8)), 114 (part of 2nd half, Rihlat 545/a.h. 565/a.d, 1160— Rihlat 974/ A.H. 984/a.d. 1576-7), 115 (part of 2nd half, Rihlat 585/a.h. 595/ A.D. 1199— Rihlat 974/a.h. 984/a.d. 1576-7), 116 (part of 2nd half, Rihlat 553 /a.h. 563/a.d. 1167-8 — Rihlat 932/a.h. 942/ A.D. 1535-6), 117 (Rihlat 501 /a.h. 511 /a.d. 1117-18 — RiWat 679/a.h. 689 /a.d. 1290), 118 (extracts only), Rieu i 117a (nearly the first half, breaking off in Rihlat 58t/A.H. 691 /a.d. 1195. 17th ^ Mirza Qiwam. al-DIn Ja‘far Beg was the son of Mirza Badi‘ al-Zaman Qazwini, Wazzr of Kalian in Shah Tahmasp’s time. In 985/1577, having come to India, he was presented to Akbar by his uncle, Mirza Ghivath al- Bm *Ali Asaf Khan, who held the office of Ba ldisfal . da'far Beg himself subse- quently received the title of Asaf IGian and he held various high offices. Jahangir on his accession appointed him Tutor {Ataliq) to Suipn Parwiz. He died at Burhanpur in 1021/1612. Hot only was he one of Akbar’s most eminent generals but also a scholar and poet. In religion he was a free-thinker and one of Akbar’s disciples. For his rmthnawi, Khusrau wa Shinn, see Bankipur hi 274-5, Bodleian 1068-1071 etc. [A^in i Akharl, tr. Blochmann, pp. 411-13, 572-4 ; 'Abd al-Qadir MuntaBiab al4aimriMi iii 216 ; Memoirs of Jahangir, tr. Rogers and Beveridge, i 16 etc. (see index) ; Kalimat a2-^u^ara‘ ; Bafinah i Khum shg U ii no. 440 ; Ma'cithir ahumara' i 107-15 ; Khnlami ahkaMm (Bankipur viii p. 141) ; Elliot and Dowson History of India v 150; Rieu i 118; Bankipur iii 274; Ency, Isl. under A?af Khan etc. etc.] ® ^Abd al-Qadir Bada’uni speaks of the TariTch i alf% as being divided into three books (two by Ahmad Tattawi and one by Asaf IGian), but the MSS. do not seem to show any recognised division into volumes. ^ The MSS. do not show any recognised division into volumes, and vol. ii, for example, begins at diiferent years in different copies. A. GENERAL HISTORY 121 cent.), 1186 (to Rililat 503/a.h. 513/a.d. 1119-20. IStli cent.), 1186 (RiUat 351M-H. 361/a.d. 971-2 — Rihlat 649/a.h. 659/ A.D. 1261. 18tli cent.), 119a (defective at end, Eihlat 660/ A.H. 660/a.d. 1261-2 — ^Rihlat 974/a.h. 984/a.d. 1576-7. Same hand), iii 8866 (extracts. Ciio. a.d. 1850), 1011a (extracts. A.D. 1848), 1014a (extracts. Circ. a.d. 1850), 1022a (abstract only. Circ. a.d. 1850), Suppt. 424 (vol. ii, defective at end (Rihlat 501/a.h. 511/a.d. 1117-18— Rihlat 791 /a.h. 801/a.d. 1398- 9. 18th cent.)), Lindesiana p. Ill nos. 903-4 (vols. ii-iii. Giro. A.D. 1750), Ivanow 41 (part of vol. i (a.h. 11/632-3 — ^a.h. 96/ 714-15. 18th cent.)), Curzon 4 (vols. i-ii (Rihlat 1/a.h. 11/ A.D. 632-3— Rihlat 603/a.h. 513/a.d. 1119-20. 17-18th cent.)), Blochet i 345 (ending with Rihlat 919/a.h. 929/a.d. 1522-3. Late 18th cent.), 346 (a.h. 681/1282-3— a.h. 985/1577-8. 18th cent.), 347 (Rihlat 653/a.h. 663 /a.d. 1167-8— Rihlat 575/ A.H. 585/a.d. 1189. 18th cent.), Bodleian 99 (Rihlat 1/a.h. 11/ A.D. 632-3 — ^Rihlat 698/a.h. 708/a.d. 1308-9. Early 19th cent.), Berlin 417 (first half, down to Rihlat 550/a.h. 560/a.d. 1164-6. Relatively old), Browne Suppt. 229 (down to a.h. 708/1308-9. King’s 112), Majlis 222 (to Rihlat 600/a.h. 510/a.d. 1116-17), 223 (Rihlat 687/a.h. 697 /a.d. 1297-8— Rihlat 936/a.h. 946/a.d. 1539- 40), Maahhad iii p. 74 (vol. i), p. 76 (vol. ii (Rihlat 501/a.h. 511/ A.D. 1117-18— Rihlat 984/a.h. 994/a.d. 1686)), Rehatsek p. 94 no. 42 (Rihlat 708/a.h. 718/a.d. 1318-19— Rihlat 984/a.h. 994/a.d. 1686), p. 95 no. 44 (RiMat 553/a.h. 563/a.d. 1167-8— Rihlat 707 /a.h. 717 /a.d. 1317-18), Eton 40 (selections). Rough MS. English translation by Major H. G. Raverty : I.O. MSS. Eur. D. 221-3. Description and 17 pp. of translated extracts : Elliot and Dowson History of India v 160-76 (cf. Elliot BihliograpJiical index, pp. 143-62 and ti-lTA (Persian text of the extracts)). Abridgment : Ahsan al-qasas wa-daji‘ al-gkasas, compiled A.H. 1248/1832-3 by Ahmad b. Abi ’1-Eath al-Sharif al-Isfahani : Hontnm-ScMndler 12 = Browne CoU. Q. 13 (12), Leningrad Asiat. Mus. (see MSanges asiatiques vi (St. Petersburg 1869-73) p. 121), Ma^Umd iii p. 73 {a.h. 1298/1881). 122 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. : 136. Mir M. Siianf Husaini Nisliapiiri belonged to a clistinguislied family of NMapM .Saiyids.. He' entered the sermce of the Emperor Ahbax for the second time;in 998/1590 and died (at Lahore according to the EInzmah" i 'mnimh) in 1002/1593-4. Verses by him are quoted in the A'm i AIcban, and .by BadaVinL who speaks of .him as an excellent calligraphist, and letter-wiiter and well acquainted with history, but a believer in and other lieresies. Majdmi^ al’-akhhdr^ a compendium of history to a.h. 1000 ' 1591-2 in two niaqfdaJis ((1) Pre-Islamic (2) Islamic) : Bthe 119 (not later than a.h. 1027/1618). [Taqi KaAi KJwldsat al-ash'dr (see Sprenger p. 33, where “ Wiiqff i ’’ is given among the poets of A^arbaijaii) ; Tabaqdi i AJibarl ii 505 ; Mrmtal^ah iii 378-81 ; A'mi Alcbarl, ed. Blochmann, p. 254, tr. Blochmann, p. 591 ; Ma'd^ir i RaJfum hi 687-97; Saflmh i Kfiwushm ii (Bodleian 376) no. 292 ; Riydd al-sku'am* (Ivanow Curzon 57) no. 2507 ; Khizdnah i ^dmirah (Bodleian 381) no. 127 ; KJiuldsat al-afkdr (Bodleian 391) no. 462 ; 3IciMzan ahghamib (Bodleian 395) no. 2'940.]" 137. Tahir Muhammad Sabzawari was the son of Khwajah 'Imad al-Din Hasan, who in 988/1580-1 was Governor of Cambay. His elder brother Khwajagi Sultan Ahmad was one of the poets of Akbar's court. In 987/1579-80 Akbar sent him to the garrison of Goa and in 1013/1604--5 from Agrah to Burhanpur with a message to the Klian-Hianan. In 1015/1606-7 he accompanied Sultan Khurram [afterwards the Emperor Shah-Jahan] from Agrah to Jahangir’s court at Lahore. Raudat ahtdhifin^ sometimes called the TdnMi i Tallin, a general history to a.h. 1014/1605-6, in 5 qisms ((1) Prophets, early Persian and Arabian kings, (2) Caliphs etc. (3) Qbingiz and his descendants, Timur etc., Safawis, (4) Hindu traditions from the Alahdbhdraia etc. (5) Indian history abridged from the Tabaqdt i AWarl) : Rieu i 1196 (lacks preface, a.h. 1045-6/ 1635-6), ii 7976 (preface, contents and 1st 5 pp. of Qism i only. A.H. 1197/1783), hi 886a- (rubrics and some extracts. Circ. :A. GENERAL HISTORY 123 A.B. 18r50), iii 10246 (last cIiapter.{oii islands) only. a.d. 1850)^ iii 1040ri. (extracts. Circ. ■ a.b. 1850), BnMr 8 (17tli cent.), .Itoeow 42 .{Qisms , i-m only,. ITtli cent.), Berlin 415 (part of Qism i only, del at both, ends, breaking off' in history of Alexander), Bodleian 100, Leningrad Mus. Asiat. (lacks first 2 or 3 leaves and, part of Qisni v. See Melanges asiatiques v (St. Petersburg, 1868), p. 119-20), Majlis 256 (^isms iv-v ('?)). ' Descriptions and 2 pp. of translated extracts (on M. b. Sajii and 31. hldil) : Elliot BibUograpMcal index, 298-304 (text of the extracts pp. vr-l«\), Elliot and Dowson Histonj of India vi 195-209. [Antobiographical statements of the author ; inscription described by Rieu (ii 7886); Eieu i 119-20, ii 7886, iii 1080a.] 138. Hasan Beg b. M. Beg Khaki ^irazl, a member; of an old family of Shiraz, went to India in the reign of Akbar, by who,m he was sent ili 1007/1598-9 as Ba khsln to Gujarat. In 1019/ 1610-11 Jahangir appointed him Dlwcm of the mbah of Bihar, and he died at Patna in Safar 1022/1613. He was part-author of the tadhJcimh entitled Bui-Mdnah (Bodleian 366). Muntakhah (or, as in some copies, Aksan) ahtawdnkh^ a general history to a.h. 1021/1612-13 based mainly on the NmaM i jalidn-dm (for which see p. 116 supra) and, for Indian history, on the Tabaqdt i Ahbarl : Rehatsek p. 84 no. 24 (A.H. 1060/1650), LO. 3734 (a.h. 1145/1733), Eton 163, Rieu iii 886a (a.h. 1212/1797), 1015a (extracts only. a.i>. 1850-1), 10476 (extracts only. Circ. a.b. 1850). Descriptions and 3 pp. of translated extracts (on a.h. 1003-8 and A.H. 1019) : Elliot Bibliographical index 305-9 (text of the extracts pp, yo-yr), Elliot and Dowson History of India vi 201 - 6 . [Autobiographical statements in the Munlalchab abta-imrVch (cf. Elliot and Dowson vi pp. 205, 206) ; note by his friend 'Abd al-Latif al-'Abbasi prefixed to I.O. MS. 3734 ; TdrtM % M'uhanimadi (Rieu 895a) foL 141 ; Rieu iii 886, 1096a.] 124 IL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 139. Ahmad b. Bahfeai b. Jamal Kanbd ^ compiled circ. 1023/ 1614, m Jahangir’s reign, bis Mddin i aJMdr i Ahmadi (or Jahdngm\ a general history in two volumes ((1) Pi^dadians to Ibrahim Lodi, (2) Timur to Jahangir) dmded into sections called dhiJcr : Elen iii 888u (part of voL i, early Persian kings to Gliiyatii al-Din Malji of LaklinautL 18th cent.), 1034a (abstract only. 18th cent.), 1034a (1st 14 dhikrs (Pishdadians — Khwarazm- Shahs). 18th cent.), Ethe 121 (part of vol. ii, Timur to A.H. 999/1590““l (Akbar)). 140. Haidar b. All Husaini Razi began in 1020/1611-12 and finished in 1028/1618-19 at the age of 35 his {Tartly i Haidari)^ called by Blochet and on a fly-leaf of the B.M. MS. Mapm^ al-iawdrlMi, and in an endorsement on a Berlin MS. ZiMat aUawdnM, a vast general history divided into five bdbs ((1) the Arab world, (2) the Persian world, (3) Central and Eastern Asia, (4) the West, (5) India) : Berlin 418 (slightly defective at end. Not later than a.h. 1089/ 1678-9), 419 {Bab i only, defective at end), Blochet 541-2 (apparently lacking Bab i and first half of Bab ii. a.h. 1279/ 1862-3), Eieu Suppt. 33 (main part of Bab ii and last portion of Bab i. A.H. 1272/1855). Extracts : (1) [Preface only (with Latin translation)] Moham- niedi jilii ChondschaM vulgo Mirchondi Historia Gasnevidarum, Berlin 1832*^*, pp. xii-xvi (several other extracts in the notes to this work). (2) [Chapters on the Qara-Khanids and the Qara-^ita’is] Description . . . rfc Boukkara par , . . Nerchakhy, ed. Schefer, Paris 1892°^, pp. 230-43. Detailed description vrith extracts: Uber die Chronik des Haidar Ben AK Husaini er-Razi ; von Dr. Richard Gosclie (in MS. Eieu iii 8876). Descriptions : (1) Elliot and Dowson History of India ii 431, vi 574, (2) Yf. Barthold, Turkestan, London 1928, p, 37. [Ency. Isl under Haidar b. ‘All (Barthold).] ^ Kanbo or Kamboh is tbe name of a mainly agricultural caste in the Panjab and western United Provinces. - • A. GENEEAL ' HISTOBY 125 : 141/M* k 'Daiilat M, al-Husaini al-Balaki ^ was in the service of Sipalidii' Elan (llirza M. , Salih Tabrizi), Governor {QaVa1i‘(ldr) of Ahmadnagar, when in 1036/1626-7 he compiled at Ahmadnagar his , Anfd al-akhhdr (bl chronogram = 1036), a general history : Eieu iii 1023a (extracts relating chiefly to events at Ahmadnagar in Jahangir’s time. Circ. a.b. 1850). ' Description and 3|- pp. of translated extracts (on a.h. 1003, 1012-14 (Akbar) and 1036 (Jahangir) and a fragment of the Khdtimah (on Sipahdar Khan) : [Elliot Bibliographical index 389-94 2 (Persian text of the extracts, pp. )]j Elliot and Dowson History of India vi 244-50. 142. Mirza M. SMq Sadi€|i ” h. M. Salih Znbairi Isfahan! Azadani^ was born a. h. 1018/1609 at Surat, where his father was in the service of h4bd al-Eahim, the Khan-khanan. ^ah- Jahan appointed him news- writer {Waqi'ali-mwu)^ and soon after his accession (a.h. 1037/1627) gave him aj%7r in Bengal. He went to Jahangirnagar (Dacca), which was then the capital of the pro-\dnce, and served the successive Governors Qasim Khan and A'zani Kdian. In the governorship of Islam Khan he was confined at Salimabad until 1048/1638, He died in Bengal a.h. 1061/1651 at the age of forty-three. He was the paternal uncle of Tahir Nasrabadi, the author of the well-known tadjikirali. His Shahid i sddiq, an immense miscellany containing extracts, proverbs, anecdotes, etc. arranged under innumerable subject-headings, was begun in 1054/1644-5 and the collection of the materials occupied three years (for copies see Bankipur ix 913, Berhn 96, Buhar 468, Ethe 2226-7, Ivanow 1365-6, Majlis 770, Eieu ii 775, iii 1005). The Tal^iq ald'rdb'' and the '' Taqwim aldmlddn'\ of which an English translation by J. C. was published at London in 1832 under the title of The ^ Elliot wites “ al-Baliki ’* Rieu Balak is said to be the name of a village in the neighbonrhood of Harat (see the Ta§ aVarus and al- Sam‘am). 2 The only MS. known to Elliot was an autograph dated 1037/1627 in the possession of Nawwab Sham^bir-Qadr, of Lucknow. ® According to §adiq*s “ ”, p. 2, AzSdSn was a village near Isfahan, 126 II. " / HISTOEY,' BIOGEAPHY, ETC. GeogmpMml of Sddik IsfaMni (Oriental ■, Translation Fund), are extracts from the Shahid, i saiiq, ■■ Subh i sadiqf begun, a.h. 1041/T631“2, finished a.h. 1048/ 16S8~9, dedicated to Shah Shujah' Shah-Jahan’s second. son, and divided into four volumes {mujalhd) {viz. (1) from, the Creation to . the 'Abbasids, (2) Persian dynasties before Chingiz to ^ali- Jahan, (3) celebrated men of the 1st ten centuries, (4) geogra.phy) : BinMpQr vi 471*4 (vols. i-ii. 17th cent.), Bodleian 102 (vol i, only. A.n. 1197/1783), 106 (extract on events in Transoxiana A.i). 990-1.610), 107 (a transcript of 106 ?), 108 (extract on the Mughals, Chingiz Khan, Timur etc. a.h. 1194/1780), 109 (a transcript of 108 ?), 110 (biographies of mmrs in reigns of Babur and Humayun. a.h. 1194/1780), 111 (transcript of 110), 112 (extracts relating to Humayun’s stay in Persia, a.h, 1194/1780), 113 (transcript of 112), Buhar 45 (extracts corresponding to Bodleian 10643. a.h. 1197/1783), Ivanow Curzon 695 (first 5 of the 8 madams of voL i. 19th cent.), Rieu iii 889a (extracts from vol. iii. 19th cent.). # Description : Elliot and Dowboh History of hidia vi 453. [Autobiography in Suhh i sddiq vol. iii, math' 12 ; TadkJdmh i Tahir i NasrahdM (in Sqff i, Mrqah 2) ; Giil i raSid ; TdrlM i Muliammadl (Rieu iii 895) fol. 197 ; Rieu ii 775, iii 10935 ult. ; Bankipiir vi 471.] 143. Najm al-Dln Ahmad b, Fadl Allah ahKhuzanP called Ahmad Beg Khan al-I§faham, having in his wanderings come to the Deccan, w^as employed there in the service of the kings ’b He is said to have been a son-in-law of Baqir Khan Najm i Than! (for whom see Ma'dthir al-umard' i 409-12). Tirdz ahaMfbdr (a chronogram = 1052/1642-3, the date of commencement), a large general history divided into an iftitdh, two Tdtdbs and an iMditdm and dedicated to Aurangzeb : Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. {Ifiitdh and i (pre-lslamic history) only. ^ M. b. Rustam b. Qubad describes this work as far from accurate (see Bleu iii 895a). 3 For Khuzan, a village near Isfahan, see Nuzkat al-qulub, tr. ie Strange, A. GEKEBAIi HISTOEY 127 Autograph. See Orimtal College Magazine, Yol/ii, no, 3 (Lahore, May 1926), p. 58), Ethe 122 (Kitdb i only), Eieu iii 1056a (extracts only. Circ. a.b. 1850), A^aflyah ii p. 878 ' to 137 (? author not stated), Yahya Efendi 274 (? author not stated). 144. M. Ytsuf b. Shai^ Rahmat Mali AtaM Kan'anl was born at Kansan [?] ^ but his family belonged to Attock, where he lived. It was to Shah-Jahan that he dedicated his MimtaMiah ahtawdnMi, completed a.h. 1056/1646-7, a general history consisting of extracts from earlier histories divided into a muqaMimali (on the creation etc.), five qisms ((1) prophets and sages, (2) early Persian kings and their con- temporaries, (3) Muhammad and the Caliphs, (4) Islamic local dynasties, (5) Imams, saints, scholars and poets) and a Midtimah (geographical) and ending wuth the accession of Shah-eJahaii A.H. 1037 : Browne Pers. Cat. 60 {Qisjns iv, v and KhdtimaJi, A.H. 1101/1688 [?]), Rieu i 1226 {Qisms i, ii and KMtimah. A.H. 1139/1726), 124a {Qisms iv, v and KMtimah, 18th cent.), iii 8896 {Qisms i-iii, defective. Circ. 1850), Buhar 9 {Qisms i~iii. 19th cent.), Bankipur vi 476 (contains all the qisms, but is defective and damaged. 19th cent.), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. {Qism V, Bab 2 only (biographical), see Oriental College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (May 1926) p. 58). An abridgment: i Muntdkhdb i tawdfi^ or IntiMldh i MuntaMidby by "Abd al-aakiir b. Sh. "Abd aL Wasi' Tattawi, finished a,h. 1084/1673-4 xmder Aurangzeb ; EtU 123 (A.H, 1155/1742 [?]), MajHs 218. 145. Mustafa b. 'Abd Allah called Katib ^elebi, but best known in Europe as l^jji Khalifah^ was born at Istanbul in Dh u l“Qa'dah 1017 /Feb .-March 1608. At the age of fourteen he enlisted in the cavalry corps of the Silihdars and at the same time he was appointed a junior clerk in the Anatolian Audit Office. From 1033/1624 to 1046/1635 he served almost con- tinuously with the army in the campaigns against Abazah PaAa, the rebel governor of Erzerum, and the Persians. In 1663-4 while the army was wintering in Aleppo he performed the ^ He d^cribes bimself as al-^AtaM asl^^ ma-watan^^ wa~UKan%nt matdid^^ 128 m HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. pilgrimage to Mecca. He returned to Istanbul after tbe conquest of Erivan in 1045/1635 and devoted bimself increasingly to literary work, liaving inherited a considerable fortune. In 1055/1645 he resigned his appointment in the Office of Control of the Cavalry (Siman Bash Miiqahalah Qalaml), to which he had been attached since 1038/1628-9 apparently, but three years later he was given the post of second MaUfah in that office. He died on 17 Dhu d-Hijjah 1067/6 Oct. 1657 at the age of fifty lunar years. The Ency, IsL gives a list of twenty-two works written by him, beginning with an Arabic Fadhhhah written in 1051/1641-2 and •ending with the Mizcm al-haqqfl 'IMiyaT al-ahaqq, also in iirabic, mitten in Safar 1067/Nov. 1656. By far the most celebrated of these is the bibliographical dictionary al-zunun 'an mmni ’hhutub wa-hfunun, of which the first volume was com- pleted in 1064/1653-4. Also well-known are the two Turkish works, Jahdn^nmm, on geography, and Tuhfat ahhibar fi mfdr al-bihdr, on the history of the Ottoman navy. Taqwlm al-tawdriMi^ chronological tables of events from the creation to a.h. 1058/1648, the date of compilation, in Persian so far as the tables themselves are concerned but with Turkish introduction and appendices : H.I^. ii p. 395 no. 3496, Aa-saray 735,^ As'ad 2234, Aya Sufiyah 3162, Bayaad 2409-11, Berlin Turkish Cat. 195, 196~S (fragments), BtLhar 10 (possibly autograph), Bug^ara Semenov 51, Cairo Turkish Cat. 194, CheleM *Abd AJlah 257, Fleischer p. 518 no. 273 (a.h. 1061/ 1651), Fliigel ii 866, Gotha Turkish Cat. 147 (very defective), Hamburg 266 (continued to a,h. 1095/1683), Hamiffiiyah 929, Khusrau Pasha 379-80, Kbprulii 1064, Krafrt 252, Leyden iii no. 937, Lindesiana 146, Mehren 45, Munich Staatsbibl. 60, 61 (Aumer Turk. Cat. 18), Murad 1451 {" TdnM i Taqwm'' Author not stated), Paris Bibl. Nat. c.r. 45, Rieu Turkish Cat. 33 foil, Bchefer Turkish MSS. 1149, Stockholm 77, ‘Umumiyah 4990, Upsala 251, 252, Venice Marciana 79, Yeni 839. ^ The MSS. are enumerated here in alphabetical order, largely on the authority Babinger, and for the most part without dates. Many of the MSS. are in fact undated or listed in catalogues which do not specify dates. A. , GENEBAL HISTOBY 129 Editions : Istanbul 1146/1733 (with a continuation to 1146/ 1733 by IbraMm Mutafarriqali, tbe printer of tbe work. See Babinger Die GeschicMsschreiber der OsmMen -p. 197.)^ Paris 1291/1874 (a fragment only, , ending , witb p. 128/ continned from 1147/1734 to 1227/1812 by 'Ali Sn'awi, for whom the fragment was printed). Italian translation : Cronologia Historica scritta m lingua iurca, persiaria <6 araha da Hazi Halife Miistafay e tmdotta . . . da G, R, Cadi, Venice 1697'" (see Edwards col. 574, Babinger Die GescMclitsschreiber der Osmanen, p, 197). Latin translation : by J. J, Eeiske (MS. in Eoyal Library at Copenhagen. See Babinger he. ciL). Arabic translation : Cnreton-Eieu 1253. Persian translation by an anomnnoiis writer who came across the original at Bagdad in 1075/1664-5 and translated it with additions : Majlis 247 (where the work is called Huqqah i nmmlc- dm. A.H. 1091/1680), Ivanow 44 (continued to a.h. 1108/1697. A.H. 1146/1733-4), EtM 2730 (continued to a.h. 1085/1674 and on the margin to a.h. 1091/1680. a.h. 1179/1765), Eieu i 1376 (continued to a.h. 1085/1674. Defective at beginning. 18th cent.), iii 8896 (continued to a.h. 1084/1673-4. 19th cent.), 890a (a.b. 1849), Eton 168 (?). For references to some translated extracts (in Italian and German) see Babinger Die GeschicMsschreiber der Osrmnen p. 197. [Autobiography at end of the Mizdn al-haqq (German transla- tion in Hammer-PurgstaU’s Encychpddische UhersicM der Wissen- schaften des Orients, Leipzig 1804, 3-15) ; Mandqib i Kdtih Qhelehl prefixed to the 1146 edition of the Taqwim ahtawdriMk 5 Brockelmann ii 427-9 ; Edtib Uhelebi, by Brusali M. Tahir, Istanbul 1331/1913 ; Ency. IsL under Hadjdji Khalifa (by J. H. Mordtmann), q.v. for further information : Babinger Die GeschicMsschreiber der Osmanen 195-203 ; Sarkis Dictionnaire encyclopMique de bihliographie arabe col. 732-4.] ^ Babinger does not say expressly tliat this fragment was pubiisbed as well as printed, but that is no doubt implied. 130 II,-HISTOEY, BIGGBAPHY, ETC. : ; ; 146. M. Batif b. ‘Inayat Allah b. Sadr al-Din M. Tabriz! known as {mushtaJiir bi-) Afsab -was in the service of Sultan Murad-Ba lAsh , Shab-Jahan’s fourth son {SubaJi-ddr of Gujarat A,H. 1064/1654-1067/1656-7), upon whom he was in attendance at Ahmadabad when he compiled from books that he found there his Afsak ahd^hdr^ a general history to the accession of Shah- Jahan a.h. 1037/1628 in 7 bdhs : Eieu i 121& (lacks Bobs v (Mahmud ®aznawi, Kings of Delhi and Indian local dynasties) and vi (Babur to Jahangir and Sher Shah). 18th cent.). 147. ILamal Khan b. Jalal Munajjim went as astrologer with the SvpaJi-sdldr Rustam ^an ^ in his Georgian campaign A.H. 1041/1631-2 — 1042/1632-3 and was similarly sent in 1059/1649 to the army of Qandahar. Sir J. Malcolm calls him M. Kamal b. Isma^il, an officer of eminence at the court of 'Abbas 11. Morley calls him royal astrologer. Zvbdat ahtawdfi^y a concise general history including a detailed account of the Safawis to a.h. 1063/1652: ‘Ajif Efenffl 1861 = Tauer 450 (autograph ?), B.A.S. P. 56 = Morley 43 (a.h. 1088/1677), Eieu iii 1055 (extracts only, relating princi- pally to ^ah Safi and ‘Abbas II). For a Mul^tmar ahiawdriM and a Lubb al-tawan kh, one or both of which are ascribed to Kamal b. Jamal [sic] Munajjim, see BiilAara Semenov 102. [Autobiographical statements of the author.] 148. M. iSafi b. Wali Qazwini, already mentioned (p. 19 supra) as the author of the Zeh i tafdslr, wrote in 1076/1665-6 at Muradabad for Asalat Khan, the Faujddr, his Tuhfat ahd^ydTy a general history to a.h. 1076/1665-6 : Eieu i 125 (voL i only (ending with the Khwarazm-Shahs) . 17th cent.), Ivanow Curzon 5 (vol. i, defective at end. 18th cent.). 149. M, Yusul ‘‘ Walih” was a brother of Tahir Wahid, the weH-knoTO author of the ^Ahhas-mimh, and by his influence ^ An account of the life and times of Rustam lOian by Bijan is mentioned below in the section History : Persia : Safawis. A. GENERAL- HISTORY 131 obtained the post of royal letter-writer {Midmut i taltrir i arqdm). In 1058/1648, when he accompanied Shah 'Abbas on the cam- paign which resulted in the taking of Qandaliar, he was over seventy years of age.. ■ Khuld i banUy an enormous general history composed A.H. 1078/1667-8, in the reign of Shah Sulaiman, and divided into eight raudahs ((1) Pre-Islamic prophets and kings, (2) Muhaiimiad and the Imams, (3) Umaiyads and 'Abbasids, (4) dynasties con- temporary with the ' Abbasids, (6) Chingiz Khan and his successors, (6) Tumir and* his successors, (7) the Qara-QuyUnlu, the Iq- Quyfinlu and other successors of the Timurids, (8) the Safawls to A.H. 1071/1660-1) and a Mmtinuih (Shah Sulaiman) ^ : Browne Coll. 6. 14 (16) == Houtum-Schindler 7 (apparently lacking only the a.h. 1271-2/1851r“5 and a.h. 1236/1821), Rieu Suppt. 34 {Hadiqah 6 (Shah Safi) and Hadtqah 7 (Shah 'Abbas II) of Raudali viii. a.h. 1247/1831), 35 (same portion, a.h. 1278/ 1862), Majlis 252 ^ {HadtqaJis 1-4 (^ah Isma'il, Shah Tahmasp, Shah Isma'il II and Sultan M. Shah) of Raudah viii (with a few lacunae), a.h. 1270/1853-4), 253 {Hadtqah 5 (Shah 'Abbas I) of Raudah viii). [Autobiographical statements of the author (see Rieu) ; MaMzan al-ghard'ih no. 3002.] 150. In the time of 'Abd Allah Qutb-Shah (a.h. 1036/1626- 1083/1672) and partly at least in the year a.h. 1078/1667-8 an unknown author composed the ZanM i Ganjinah:, a general history, in a dibdchah and twelve Miizdnahs subdivided into ganjlnahs : Rieu iii 10276 (extracts only. Circ. a.d. 1850). 151. ShaM M* Baqa '' Baqa b. Ghulam M. SahaxaiipM j was born at Saharanpux in 1037 /1627-8. After his father's death he became a disciple of ShailA M. Ma'sum Sirhindi (son of the ^ “ TLe iiiBtoiy of the reigns of Safi and '‘Abbas II in the Famld ^afariyyali ... is avowedly abridged from the present work, and is brought down to the same year’’ (Eieti). * In the Majlis Catalogue the authorship of the work is ascribed to M. Wahid. 132 IL HISTOET, BIOGBAPHY , ETC. celebrated Shaili AMxiad SirMndi called" Mu jaddid i alf i tbani'') and began to ' lead a life of retirement and devotion. Invited to court, however, by. Iftittar Ehan,^ Mir Khamsaman, he was given employment which left him leisure for literary work. Subsequently he became Ba lthsh i and Waqi'uk-nigdr at Saharanpiir, where he built a suburb called Baqapurah and where he died 22 Sha'ban a.h. 1094/1683. His' works included (1) a Maputah completed a.h. 1077/1666-7 and consisting of extracts from the HaMqah of Sana!, ^^Mantiq al-tair and the Mathiaivl, (2) the Eiydd al-auMyd\ (3) b. Tadhkirat d and (4) the Mir'dt d-akm^ All of these by a “courteous fiction as Eieu says, are ostensibly the works of M, Bakhtawar Khan., a favourite eunuch of Aurangzeb's, w^ho became Ddroghah i Kba wdsmu in the 13th year of the reign and died at Ahmadnagar in the 28th year (15 Rabf I 1096/1685). (1) Ayinah (?) i composed a.h. 1068/1657-8 (?) and divided into forty mu'dyamhs, possibly the original draft of the Mifdt al-dlum : Ivanow Curzon 7 (18th cent.), Browne Suppt, 145 (King's 42), (2) Mir^dt al-dlani:^ a compendium of eastern history and biography divided into a muqaddunaJi, seven drdyi^, an afzdyi^ and a Mdtinmh composed a.h. 1078/1667 (but some later dates occur) and valuable especially for Aurangzeb’s reign : Rieu i 1256 (circ. close of 17th cent.), ' 1276 (18th cent.), iii 1022u (extracts only. Circ. A.n. 1850), 1049a; (extracts only. Circ. 1850), Ivanow Curzon 6 (v. incompl. Beg. 18th cent.), B^Mpur vi 477 (18th cent.), Blochet i 350 ^ Suitan Husain, the son of Asalat Khan (Mir *Abd al-Hacli), received the title of IftilAar Khan at Aurangzeb’s accession and became Mir-Saman in the sixth year of his reign (see Ma'atMr al-umariC i 252-5), * Bhafi' (see below, p. 133^^) claims the authorship of all these works for his uncle. In the Mir^dt aVdlam Bakhtawar Khan is made to say that M. Baqa. helped him. Miista^idd Khan, the author of the Ma'diMr i says that he helped BaWitawar Khan to compile the Mifdt aWdlani (see Rieu i 270). The 3Iifdi i jahdn-nnrm is never ascribed to Bal^tawar Khan, and in it M. Baqa claims the Mifdt uh%lam as his own work. ® A'vmh i halcht is the chronogrammatic title of the Mifdt aVdlam^ but the work described by Ivanow and Browne differs from the Mifdt aVdlam in the designations given to the subdivisions and in other respects. A. GENEBAL ' HISTORY m (IStli cent.), Lindesiana p. 126 no. 827 (circ, a.b. 1760 ), Buhar 11 (18tli cent.), 12 (extracts), 482 ii (last section only- on Persian poets. 19tii cent.), Bodleian 114 (17tli-18tli cent.), 115 , 116, Ethe 124 (n.d.), 125 (fragments), Eton 161 , A§a!iyali i p. 254 no. 513, iii p. 98 no. 1260 (defective), R.A.S. P. 57 — Morlev 44, Bukhara Semenov 105 (?). Description and 9 pp. of translated extracts (on Aniangzeb’s habits etc.) : Elliot and Dowson History of India vii 145-165. (3) Mifdt i jahdn-numdy an enlarged edition of the preceding vrork, left unfinished at the author’s death and J existing in two recensions : — (а) that of his sister’s son M, ^afi' b. M. ^arJf, who completed his task a.h. 1095/1684, divided into a maqaidimali, seven drdyish {pirdyish acc. to Buhar) and a Jfhdtimah : Buhar 13 (early 18th cent.), Rieu iii 890a (little more than latter half of the wnrk. a.h. 1239/1824), 1020a (extracts only. Circ. a.d. 1850), 10216 (extracts only. Circ. a.d. 1850), [1022a ^ (extracts only. Circ. a.d. 1850), 1049a ^ (extracts only. Circ. a.d. 1850)], Eton 164 (vol. i), 165 (voL ii. Apparently with an extension (by M. Salim ?) to the 6th year of Muhammad ^ah (a.h. 1137)). Extracts translated by munshfs for Sir H. Elliot : B.M. MSS. Add. 30,778, foil. 50-139 and Add. 30,779 foil. 103-123. (б) that of his younger brother M. Rida, completed in Safar 1111/1699 and dmded into a miiqaddimuh, eleven drayish and a Mmtimah : Eth6 126 (lacks first two leaves, a.h. 1148/1736), Berlin 420 (1149/1736), Browne Suppt. 1180 (King’s 109), Rieu iii 892 {Pirdyish 1 of Ardyish viii on celebrated wazirs. a.d. 1850), 1018a (extracts only. a.d. 1849). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India vii pp. 146-9. [Mifdt aVdlam (Rieu 1256) foL 4786 ; Mir at i jaMn-?iumd (end of J^iirnah in M. Shafi^’s recension, Ifhatimah in M. Ricja’a recension) ; Elliot and Dowson History of India vii 150-5 ; Rieu iii 890-1, 1020a, 1080a ; Bankipur vi 477 ; Emy, 1st under Muhammad Baqa. ^ Tk© recension from wlaich tkes© extracts are taken is not specified. 134 ' II. HISTORY, BIOaRAPHY, ETC. .:,;:.Eor BaHitawar Elan see al-dlam (end Afzayish) i Ma'dtkir i ‘Ahmgin ; Tadkkimt al-timard' ElKot and Dowson History of hidia vii 150-3 ; Rien i 125-6 ; Bankipiir vi 477 ; Emy. "IsL under Ba^tawar Elian.l 152. ‘Aziz Allah began in 1086/1675-6 and probably com- pleted in 1087/1676-7 (passages concerning later events having apparently been added by a transcriber) Ms Zznat aUtawafikhn a valueless general history : Rien iii 10176 (extracts only (foil. 30-3, 60-72). Giro. a.d. 1850). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India vii 166-7. 153. Ilajji Mnhammad-Qnll Qajar, a native of Ganjah, belonged to a military family and was himself a soldier. It was in 1097/1685-6 that he composed his Lubb ahlubaby an outline of Islamic Hstory in twenty-three fash, of which the last contains short notices of 220 Persian poets : Rien Suppt. 38 (19th cent.). 154. Najnt ahtawdri^^ a compendium of general Mstory compiled a.h. 1099/1687-8, the rought draft of an unknown writer : Rieu iii 10356 (extracts only from a MS. at Tonk. Circ. A.D. 1850). 155. S. Hasan h. S. Murtada al-Husaini composed for Shah Sultan Husain the Safawi in 1115/1703-4 his TdftMi i Sultan^ a general history in three chapters ((1) the Creation, Prophets, Imams etc., (2) Pre-Islamic and Post- Islamic kings to the Safawi period, (3) the Safawis to a.h. 1061 / 1641-2) : Cowrie Coll. H. 16 (15) == Houtum-ScMndler 8 (de- fective at end). 156. M. ‘Alim b. 9afiz Jan-Muhammad, Imam and Khafib of a mosque at Delhi, wrote in 1115/1703-4 MuntaMtob ahbaddH\ a brief summary of general history : Blochet i 352 (a.h. 1115/1703-^). 157. Mulla Mtihammad Mah began in 1117/1705-6 Ms A. GENEBAL HISTORY 135 : Tanqth al-akhbdr^ a concise general Hstorj to a.h. 1125/ 1713 in Farriili-siyar’s reign : Ethe 127 (transcribed, from an antograpb. a,h. 1128/1716), 128 (defective at both, ends), AsaHyah i p. 234, no. 524 (defective). 158. Mirza Mtihainmadd who may conceivably be identical with Mirza M. b. Rustam b. Qubad (see p. 141 m/m), wrote in 1126/1714 his Janndt al-firdaus^ chronological tables of Muhammadan dynasties to a.h. 1126 : Eieu i 138a (19th cent.), BanMptr vi 478 (19th cent.). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 413-'14, 159. Saiyid Mufaddai i^an in his Ttmur-ndmaJi i MufaMall (for which see below under the histories of the Timurids) calls himself a born slave {Mdnah-zad) of Muhammad Shah. Tdnkh i Mufaddall^ an extensive general history to the reign of EarruMi-siyar (a.h. 1124/1713—1131/1719) in seven maqdlahs : Rieu iii 892 (only Maqdlah vi (from the Samanids to Ibrahim Lodi) and the early part (Timur and ^ah-Ru]^) of Maqdlah vii (Timur and his descendants). Copied from a damaged original circ. a.b. 1850), 1049a (extracts only). Translation of the rubrics and of an abridgment of the Chach- ndmah contained in it : B.M. MS. Add. 30,778, foil, 1-49, Description and 3 pp. of translated extracts (relating to Shah- Jahan) : Elliot and Dowson History of India vii 141-4.^ 160. A former companion of Prince M. Mu'azzam (after- wards Bahadur-Shah I, reigned a.h. 1119/1707-1124/1712) compiled a.h. 1133/1721 his Mihakk ahsuluk wa-misqalat al-nufuSy a general history intermixed with theological and Sufistic discussions, in fifteen maqdlahs and a Ichatirmh ; EtM 129 (lacks 1 or 2 leaves at end). ^ Elliot and Dowson call the author Mirza Muhammad Yusuf!, probably in r'onsequence of a misreading (see Bieu iii 1081a). 2 Elliot and Dowson write J%imn ai-firdatis, ® The only copy known to Elliot was in one of the ro^^al libraries at Lucknow. 136 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 161. Qipeha^ Elian., commonly called (urf) Khwaiani-Quli Beg BaMij the son of Qipchaq Khan, commonly called Imam- Qnii, who was Quii-begi^ to Subhan-Quli Khan the ''Wall of Tiiran (i.e. the Janid ruler of BaM for 23 years and subse- quently of BulAara a.h. 1091/1680-1114/1702). In 1107/1695-6 he was taken as a prisoner to India, and in 1125/1713 he was at Lahore, then governed for Farrujft-siyar by 'Abd al-Sainad Khan. Tdrikh i Qip^^q-^Khanly a general history in an introduction (fafiJiah), five bdbs and a Matmuh, completed in 1134/1721-2, revised in 1137/1724-5 and enlarged in 1138/1726 with an account of that year : Blochet i 348 (ciic. 1138 {sic %c)/1726. " Exeniplaire de luxe Bodleian 117 (probably circ. a.d. 1782). [Autobiographical statements of the author in his fatiJiah and Mmtimah,] 162. M. Muhsin was Miistaufi to Nadir Shah, by whose order he compiled in 1154/1741-2 for the use of Prince Rida-Quli his Zubdat ahtawdrikh^s a general history including a short but valuable contemporary record of the decline of the Safawis and the rise of Nadir and ending with chapters on Luqman, Barsisa etc. : Eieu Suppt. 36 (18th cent., possibly autograph), Browne Coll. G. 16 (13) = Houtum-Schindler 9. 163. Khwush-hal Chand b. Jiwan-Ram b. Anand-Ram Kayath (i.e. Kayastha) was a mun^n in the office of the Dlwdn of the Province of Delhi.^ Tdftkh i Muhammad- Shdht or Nadir al-zamdn^ a general history, especially of India, in two maqdlahs (viz. (1) Majnia^ al-aJMdr (dated 1154/1741-2) in two kaifiyats ^ “ La charge doBt etait investi le p^jire de Khodj6m Kouli Beg, celle de KoHsh-belgui . . . etait Tune des plus importantes du klianat de Boukhara ; 2e Koush-beigui etait le premier personnage du kbanat apr^s Femir ; ii tenait les sceaux de I’fitat, percevait les droits de douane, et gardait le palais ; au- dessous de lui se trouvait immediatement le Toptchibachi . . . ou grand maitre de Fartiilerie (Blochet i, p. 235). - In the 1898 pp. 374-5 W. Irvine argued against Rieu’s identification of this author with the Ray Kh-wusb-^hal Chand Kayath, of Mathura, who, according to the TanUk i died at Delhi on 6 Muharram 1155 over 70 years old. The Nadir al~mrmn% contains dates later than this. A. GENERAL HISTORY 137 ((i) Prophets, Caliphs etc. (ii) India to Ibrahim Lodi), (2) Zuhiat al-aJMdr in two nuitMs ((i) Babur to Rafi' al-DauIali, dated 1151/1738, (ii) Muhanmiad ^ah)) : Rieu i 128a (latter part of 2iid kaiflyat and most of 1st matla\ 18th cent.), hi 894a (Bahadur Shah to Eafr' al-Daulah. 19th cent.), 8946 (same portion. Circ. A.i). 1850), 1031a (extracts. Circ. a.d. 1844), Suppt. 37 (1st kaifhjat and latter part of 1st matM (from Shah“Jahaii). 18th cent.), Berlin 495 (latter part of 1st fmtki' (from death of Aiirangzeb) and 2nd fmtla^ (Muhammad Shah to a.h. 1159/1746^ followed by short notices of 258 poets (list given by Pertsch)). MS. trans. of part of 2nd hx>ifiyat (Bshkdm Shah to accession of Jahandar Shah) by Lt. R. P. Anderson : B.M. MS. Add. 30,778, foil 365-401. Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India vhi 70-1 ^ (cf. vii p. 565-7, where part (-'■= Rieu in 894a) is described under the incorrect title TanM i Bahadur- ShdM, and some extracts (2 pp.) are translated). [Autobiographical statements of the author ; Elliot and Dowson he, cit. ; Rieu i 128, iii 894a.] 164, M. ‘Ali b. M. Sadiq Husaini NlAapuri Najafi Burhanpuri composed in 1148/1735-6 and dedicated to Nawwab Burhan al-Mulk Saiyid Sa'adat Elhan, Subah-dar of Oudh, his Burhan ahfutuh^ a concise general history to a.h. 1148/ 1735-6, meritorious in its close attention to dates, divided into a muqaddimah, 18 hdhs and a Mdtimah : Rieu iii 893a (autograph. a.h. 1148/1736), 10506 (extracts only. Circ. a.d. 1850), Berlin 603 (3) {Fast 15 (Sultans of Little Tibet) of Bab xhi, Bab xiv (learned men), Bab xv (sufls) and part of Bab xvi (poets). Quite modem). Translation of the preface and some extracts : B.M. MS. Add. 30,780, foil 74-105. ^ According to Elliot “ The Nddiru-z Zamdni is very rare. The late Sadru-s Sudur of Mainpuri had a perfect copy, which his heirs have lost ; and Nawab ’Aii Muhammad Khdn of Jhajjar has a very imperfect copy, deficient in the second books of both volumes. The Nawab of Tonk has the first book 138 II. : HISTOEY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. ' ' Description and 7 pp. of translated extracts : Elliot and DowBon History of India Ym vSiibsequently the author enlarged the work, expanding the history of Muhaniniad Shah and bringing the narrative down to A.H. 1169/1756, and dedicated the new edition (entitled 3Iifdt al-safd') to Samsam al-Daulah Shah-nawaz Khan (the well- known author of the Ma'dthir al-imiam\ d. 1171/1758, see Ency, IsL under Samsam al-Dawla). Mir^dt ahmfS : Eth6 130 {Daftar h o,nly (from Tfmur to A.H. 1169/1755-6). Autograph, a.h. 1169/1756), Rieu i 129a (a still later edition, continued to a.h. 1179/1765. a.h. 1197/ 1783), iii 894 (extracts (156 foil). Circ. A.o. 1850), 10506 (extracts), A^aSiyah ii p. 110 no. 1300 (defective at both ends), no. 1040. He wrote also, by order of Nawwab Mir Najaf ^Ali Khan Shamsher-Jang, Tdril^ i rdhat-afzd^ a history of which the subject is not stated in the Asafiyah catalogue : A^afiyah iii p. 96 no. 1001 (A.H. 1298/1881)* no. 1313 (a.h. 1185/1771-2).^^^^^^^^ ^ 165. Mir *Ali Sher ‘‘ Qani* ” b. S. Izzat Allah Tattawi ^ was bom in 1140/1727-8, wrote a ma^miw% QaM u qadar, in 1157/ 1744-5, another, on the love-story of Kamrup and Kainlata, in 1169/1755-6, and a dmdn in 1171/1757-8, completed his Maqdldt ah^u'am\ on the poets of Sind, in 1174/1760-1, his Tiilifat ah kirdm in 1181/1767-8, and his Mi^ydr i sdlihdn i tanqat in 1202/ 1787-8, when he had nearly completed his 63rd year. Tuhfat al-Mrdm (a chronogram = 1180/1766-7, the date of inception, a.h. 1181 being given as the date of completion, but later dates (e.g. 1188) occur), a general history in three volumes {mujalhd), of which the last is a special history of Sind : BanMpur vi 479 (A.H. 1233/1817-18), Rieu ii 846a (a.h. 1246/1830) iii 9506 (voL i only. a.b. 1851), 9506 (voL ii only. 19th cent.), 9506 (vol. iii only. a.h. 1261/1845), 9506 (vol. iii only. a.h. 1266/1850). ^ Tattah is an old town 4 miles from the banks of the Indus 50 miles east of Kara^i. A. GENERAL HISTORY 139 Lmlmow lBOi/1886-7^. Translations of extracts : (1) Elliot and Dowson Histonj of Indiai pp. 327-351, (2) A history of Bird, ml. iP[to tiie end of the Kalhorah dynasty] . . . Translated from Persian books [mz. the Tiihfat al-Xwm and the TdriM i Ma'smm] by Alirza Kdichbey Fredunbeg, Karachi 1902°, (3) Account of the expedition, of CJiach , . . and extracts from the TGhfal ul Elumn [5?h], [Trans- lated] by Ensign [iT.] Postans (in JASB. vii (1838) pp. 93-104, 297-310, (4) Translation of [a part of] the Toofut ul Kiram . , . By Lieut, [f.] Postans (in JASB. xiv (1845) pp. 75-99, 155-73), reprinted separately, [Calcutta, 1845°]. [Maqaldt al-^u'ard' (Rieu ii 848a) foil. 498-509.] 166. Muzaffar Husain, entitled Maharat Khan, the son of Hakim Ghulam-Muhammad Khan, was born at Aurangabad in 1118/1706. He studied medicine under Hakim M. Husain, j entitled Buqrat Khan, physician to Muhammad Shah (reigned 1131/1719-1161/1748). Eventually he himself became one of the Royal Physicians. If he was so in 1180/1766-7, when he com- pleted the Jam i jahan-numd, the Emperor in question must have been Shah-'Alam (reigned 1173/1759-1221/1806). He wrote works entitled Usui aVtibh, Sirdj al-hajj, Minhdj al-lmjj, etc. Jam i jahan-^numd^ completed a.h. 1180/1766-7, a miscellany in five books ((1) on the art of conversation, manners etc., (2) V history, (3) geography, the famous men of each country and the poets of India, (4) on the angels, the elements, animals etc., (5) on language, grammar, rhetoric etc.) : Rieu iii 10196 (extracts only. Giro. a.d. 1850), 1026a (extracts only. Giro, a.d. 1850). Translated extracts: B.M. MS, Add. 30,780, foil 195-214. Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii pp. 158- 62 (from a MS. belonging to the Rajah of Benares). [Jam i jahdn-numd ; Elliot and Dowson he. ciL] 167. Yusuf *A1 KMn b. Ghulam 'All Khan was a friend of ^Ali-Wirdi Khan Mahabat-Jang, the Governor of Bengal, Bihar ^ Vol. i of this history foeai^ the title The Chachnaurmhy an micieni history of Sind . . . Translated by Mirza KalkMeg Fredunbeg (Karachi 1900'). 140 il: ■ histoky,' bioobaphy, etc. and Orissa (d. 1169 / 1755 ), and married a daughter of 'Ala’ al- Danlai Sarfaraz Khan. He died before a.h. 1195 / 1781 . His TmMi i Mahdbat-Jang, ,a history of /AJi-Wirdi Khan and Hs successor Shnja' al-Daulah, was ■ completed at Allahabad .in 1177 / 1763 - 4 . Hadiqat ahsafd\ completed 1184/1770, a concise general history in 3 Yoinmes (jiM) ((1) Pre-Islamic times, early Islam, the hibbasids etc., (2) Timur and the Timurids to Muhammad J Shah, (3) ison-Timiirid rulers in India, abridged from Firihtah) with a Mdtwmli containing a biographical dictionary of Persian poets ^ (cf. Sprenger 62) : Bodleian 118 (autograph), Rieu ii 8726 (voL iii only. 18th cent.), Berlin 661 {Mdtimah only. A.H. 1213/1799), BanMpur vi 480 (most of vol. i and end of Jchdtmah. 19th cent.), Ivanow 45 (18th-19th cent.), 46 (vol. ii only. Early 19th cent.), 1 . 0 . 3972 (extracts only). Extract on the conquest of Assam : Quarterly Oriental 3Iagazine hi pp. 267-285 (see Rieu ii 8726). [Sprenger p. 192 ; Rieu i 312.] 168. M. Aslam h. M. Hafiz Parasruri ^ Ansari Qadirl, a native of Lucknow, met Colonel J. B. J. Gentil ^ at Paidabacl (Fyzabad) in 1882/1768-9 and was encouraged by him to write his history, which he completed in 1184/1770-1 and dedicated to the reigning Xawwab-Wazir of Oudh, Shuja' al-Daulah. Far hat aFndzirtn^ a history, mainly of India, " somewhat ambitious in style, but of no great value for its contents,” to J A.H. 1184/1770-1 ^ in a muqaddimah (Creation etc.), tliree ^ This is sometimes called the TadhUrah i Yusuf ^AU Khan, 2 Parasrnr, now called Pasrur, was in Akbar’s time tke chief town of a sarkar in the mbah of I^hore. It is now the headquarters of a tah-^U in the district of Sialkot. The name is said to be derived from a certain Paras Ham Brahman. ® Born at Bagnols 1726 : served under Dupleix and others : entered the service of Mir Qasim in Bengal and then that of Shuja* al-Daulah in Oudh : died at Bagnols 1799. His collection of Persian MSS. is in the Bibliothequo Nationale, Paris. ^ According to the Bodleian Catalogue the last date that occurs in the work is 1196. A. GENEBAL HISTOBY 141 ‘/mqdlaJis ((i) Prophets, Caliphs etc., (ii) Rajahs and Sultans of India, (iii) Timur and Indian Timurids to Shah-'AIani) and a T^dtiniah (geography of India, learned and holy men, family of Shuja' al-Daulah) : Blochet i 550 (late 18th cent.), Rien i 131a (breaks off at Aurangzeb’s accession. Early 19th cent.), 1316 (portion only. 19th cent.), iii 1013a (extracts. Circ. a.d. 1850), Lindesiana p. 191 no. 80 (a.h. 1197/1782-3), Bodleian 119, Browne Pers. Cat. 61 (slightly defective at end), I.O. 3914 {Maqdlah iii only). Description with 8-| pp. of translated extracts (on Ahmad ^ah Abdall, hllamgir II, Shah-'Alam etc.) : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 163-174. Extracts : Iqtibds az Farhat al-ndzirin Shah Aimmgzeb he 'ahd he mmkdyi^ ‘ulamd aur shu'ard he tardjim [Edited with notes by Shafi^ in Oriental College Magazine^ vol. iv, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1928) pp. 92-6, no. 4 (August 1928) pp. 53-llL] {Farhat al-ndzirm, preface; Elliot and Dowson loo,.cit,\ Rieu i 131a, iii 10806 ; Browne loe, ciL] 169, ilirza Muhammad b, Mu‘tamad Ehan (Rustam) b. Diyanat Khan (Qubad) al-Haritibi al-Bada khsh I was born at Jalalabad (now in Af^anistan) on Friday 21 JumMa I in the 30th year of Aurangzeb, i.e. 1098 (4 April 1687). He was introduced to Aurangzeb by Ruh Allah Khan in 1115/1703 and received a mansab of 150. Ha\’ing found the Habib al-siyar (see p. 104) and the Mmitahhab aldubdb (see below under History : India : General) very deficient and the work of M, Sadiq (see p. 126) inaccurate, he wrote his TdriM i MuJmmmdl, He is, however, best known as the author of his own memoirs, the Hbrat-ndmah, Two Arabic wmrks of his, Miftah ahmjff ft 7namqih Al and Tardjim are described in the Buhar Arabic Catalogue (nos. 208 and 262-3) and a third, Tuhfed cd-muhilMn bi-mandgib al-Khulafff in the Rampilr Arabic Catalogue (p. 668). TarfM i Muhammadsy a chronicle from the Hijrah to A.H. 1190/1776-7, begun ,a.h. 1124/1712-3 and completed A.H. 1190 : I.O. 3889 (vol i), 3890 (vol. ii), 3980, Rieu iii 895a 142 IL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (nunierons extracts, mainly obituary and relating to India. Circ. A.i>. 1850). ; Banldpur vii 623 ; Biibar Arab. Cat., no. 208.] 170. Miirtada Husain, entitled {^nuMidtab) Allali-Tar, , b. Allab-Yar 'Utbrnani Bilgrami was bom at Bilgram in 1132/ 1719-20. In 1142/1729-30, on tbe death, of his father, AUah- Yar, who w'as Ea ldish i under Mubariz al-Mulk Sar-biiland Khan. SubaJhddr of Gujarat, the latter summoned him to Agrah and gave Mm the ranl^ and title (Allah-Yar Ehan,^ presumably) of his father. From that date until 1187/1773-4 he served under Mubariz al-Mulk, Sa'adat Khan and Safdar-Jang, Subah-ddrs of Oudh, M. Qasim Khan. Naum of Bengal, h4.1i-QulI Khan Da^istani (for whom see the section Biography : Poets), and Ahmad Khan Bangash, Ra'ls of FarruMiabad. In 1190/1776 Captain Jonathan Scott, Persian Secretary to Warren Blastings, appointed him one of his muni^s. It was at Captain Scott's request that he compiled the Hadlqat al-aqdUm, and the rough draft was submitted to Captain Scott, Colonel Polier ^ and Maulawi Darwu^ 'AlL He died circ. 1795. ageograpMcal, historical and biograpMcal account of the seven climates written, mainly at least, in the years 1192/1778-1196/1782, based largely on the Haft iqltm (but with more geographical information (including a sketch of European geography transl ated from J. Scott'sjin^ h) and much fuller treatment of IndlaTtEe’^istory indMingavaluable narrative of contemporary events in Bengal, Oudh and Bihar), and ending with a tatimmah or khatimah (on the Copernican system, Europe, America etc.) compiled in 1202/1787 : Bodleian 422 (autograph ? FuU analysis), Lindesiana p. 122 no. 69 (a.h. 1207/1792-3), Blochet 1679-2 (late 18th cent.), Ivanow 286 {veij defective, a.h. 1211/1796-7), Curzon 97 {Mdiimah ^ To distinguish him from his father he is sometimes called Aliah-Yar i Th ani. 2 Col. Polier, bom at Lausanne in 1741, went to India in 1757 and entered the E.I.Co.'s service. In 1762 he became Chief Engineer at Calcutta. In 1776 he resigned and successively served Shuja* al-Dauiah and A§af al-Daulah, Nawwabs of Oudh, as architect and engineer, and the Mug|ial Emperor at Delhi as a military commander. In 1788 he returned to Europe and in 1795 he was murdered by robbera (see Buckland*s JDicfiomry of Indian Biography), A. GENERAL HISTORY 143 only. A.H. 1231/1816), BanMpur vii 637 (1253 FasUll84.6), 638 (A.H. 1218/1803), 639-41 (a.h. 1218/1803 ?), BerHn 421 (n.d.), 422 (tMrd cliinate only. a.h. 1224/1809), Eien iii 992 (a.h. 1254/1838), iii 10296 (extracts. Circ. a.b, 1850), A^afiyah i p. 236 no. 33, no. 436 {Mdtiniah only. a.h. 1287/1870-1), Ethe 730 (n.d.), LO. 3879, 10. D.P. 1462, 1463, 1463a. Editions : Lucknow 1879*^*, 1881 (see Eieu iii 9936, Berlin p. 414). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 180-3. Tlie work was used by W. Francklin for Ms History of the reign of Shall Aulum, [Hadiqat ahaqdUm, preface ; Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 180-1 ; Rieu iii 992 ; Buckland Dictionary of hidian Biography p. 309.] 171. M. Qudrat Allah “Shauq ’’ b. Sh. Qabul M. b. Sh. M. 'Abid Siddiqi was born at the village of Mavi in the Baheri taJml of the Bareli BareiUy ”) district. He is the author of a ta^kirah entitled Takmilat al-Au%rai Jam i Jamshld^J wMch he compiled after completing Ms Jam i jahdn-nunid. Jam i fahan-numdy a general history begun a.h. 1191/1777, completed a.h. 1199/1786 and divided into a muqaddimah, 39 tabaqdt and a Mdtimah (the last of these containing biograpMes ^ of scholars, saints etc.) : Rampur (Ramadan 1199/1785, auto- graph. See Oriental College Magazine voL vii no. 1 (Lahore, November 1930), pp. 69-74). Descriptions : (1) Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 184-6,^ (2) Oriental College Magazine, he. dt. (an article by Hafiz Ahmad 'All Hian, Director of the Rampur State Library, who gives an Urdu translation of the author's account of his ancestors from the JMtimah). [Ofienial CoUege Magazine, he. ^ There is a MS. of this iuihkiroAm the Bamphr State Library (see Oriefdal CoUege Magazim voL t no. 4 (Lahore, Angnst 1920) pp. 112-13 and vol. vii no. 1 (November 1930) pp. 6*7-9). * The only known to EEiot was in the library of Sa*id al-Bxn Abm^d Kb an of MnrMabSd. 144 II. HISTOEY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. 172. M. ‘Ali Man An§M b. Izzat al-Daulali Hidayat Allah Khan was appointed Ddroghah of the Faujddn ^Addlat (Criminal Court) of Tirhnt and Hajipur by his patron Saijdd M. Rida Ehan Shiiazi Mnzaffar-Jang, Nalb Nazim of Bengal and Bihar, who died at Miir^idabad a.h. 1206/1792. ‘Inayat Khan Rasilh ” and Shakir Klian were paternal uncles of his. In addition to the BaJir aUnmvivdj he wrote the TdriM i Muzaffan, a historv of the Indian Timiirids, and the TcinM i Ahmad- mu {mu my Bahr ahmawwdj^ a general history completed according to the preface in 1209/1794-5 but extending to 1211/1796 and divided into three volumes, viz. (1) = Bahr i-ix (non-Indian history), (2) Bahr x (non-Mu^al Indian dynasties) and Mauj 1-11 (Babur-Muh aimnad Shah) of Bahr xi, (3) 12-14 (Ahmad Shah — ^^ah-‘Alam II) of Balir xi: BerUn 423-5 {complete, n.d.), BanMpur vii 644 (vol. ii. Early 19th cent.), •545 (Shah-hAIam’s reign to a.h. 1200/1785. Possibly a part of the TdfilA i Mumffan), Rieu hi 1025a (extracts from vol. i. Circ. A.D. 1850), LO. 3983 (extracts only). Description of vol. i : Elliot and Dowson Historu of India viii 235--6. [TarTM i Mumffart ; Rieu i 2826, iii 10846 ; Bankipur vii 644.] 173. xMirza Abu piib '' Tffib b. Hajji M. Beg Khan Tabriz! I^fahani, sometimes called Abh Talib Landanl, was born in 1166/1752-3 at Lucknow, where his father, an Isfahanl by birth, an Adharbaijani Turk by descent, had settled. In 1189/1775, soon after the accession of Asaf al-Daulah (Dhud-Qa^dah 1188/Jan. 1775), he returned from Mur^idabad, where he had lived from his thirteenth to his twentieth year at the court of Muzaffar-Jang, to Lucknow and was appointed ‘A‘}ml-ddr of Etawah by Mulhtar al-Daulah, the Nd'ib. After the fall of MulAtar al-Daulah (a.h. 1190/1776) he was superseded and pensioned, but subsequently he assisted Col. A. Hannay at Gorakhpur and N. Middleton, the British Resident. Under the latter he suppressed Rajah Balbhadra Singh's rebellion, a.h. 1202/1787-8 is given as the date of his A. GENERAL ' HISTORY 145 .. migmlion^ to Calcutta, and he was editor of the dmmi of , Hafiz published there in 1791. In the years .1213/1798-1218/1803 he. made with Captain D. Richardson the journey to Eni’ope ■ , which he . described in the Maslr i T alibi completed in 1.219/ ,. 1804.. dSe died at Lucknow in 1220 ^/1805-6. In addition to the ^Masvr i Tdlihl he wrote (1) Tafdih al-ghafiUn (for which see below under Histoi}^ : India : Oudh), (2) Khuldsat al-ajhdr (for which see below under Biography : Poets), (3) a dvimn (for which see Bodleian 1994 and Poems of Mirza Abu Talib Khan (ed. with English translation by G. Swinton), London 1807, and, for the matknmvl, Sumf-afzd, in praise of London, Edinburgh 324), (4) Miydj ahtaulml, a metrical treatise on astronomy with a prose commentary composed in 1219/1804 and dedicated to Abu 'l“Fath Sultan M. Safawi (see Edinburgh 93), (5) the five treatises, which are to be found at the end of some manuscripts of the Khuldsat al-afkdr (see below under Biography : Poets, where the titles are given) and of which the last, sometimes found separately, is Lubb aKsiyar u jahdn^numd^ a summary of miiversal ^ history compiled a.h. 1208/1793-4, dedicated to x4saf al-Daulah and divided into four bdbs ((1) the Prophets, (2) the Caliphs, (3) biographies of philosophers, companions of the Prophet, scholars, poets etc., (4) d}masties contemporary with the Caliphs and subsequent to them) : Ethe 696 foil. 396-473 (appended to the Khuldsat ahafhdr. Transcribed by G. Swinton from an autograph and corrected by the author a.d. 1804), 697 foil. 322&-390 (n.d.), Bodleian 391 (appended to the Khuldsat ahafkdr, A.H. 1210/1796), Asaiiyah hi p. 98 no. 1312 (a.h. 1220/1805-6), Rieu hi 8956 (only the preface and Fad viii (India) of Bah iv, a.d. 1850), Suppt. 116 ii (early 19th cent.). Description : Elliot and DoWson History of India viii 298-300. [^uldsat ahafkdr, Jfhdtimah ; Michaud Biograpliie universelle, Paris 1843, i, pp. 85-7 (cited by S. A. Rochlin in BSOS. vii, pt. i (1933) p. 50) ; Beale Miftdh allaimrlMi 564 ; Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 298-9 ; Rieu i 378 ; Ency, Isl. ^ See the chronograms composed by T. W. Beale at the request of Abu TTiUb’s son {Miftdh ahtawdf X'kh P* 564). L 146 IL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC, under Abn Talib Kh an ; Edinburgh Uni v. Lib, Gat. of Arabic and Persian MSS., np. 90 ; portrait engraved for the Ewrofean Magazine in the Edinburgh MS. of the Sumf-afm,'\ 174. M. ^arif b. Mulla Mustafa ShaiWi al-Islam was Qadi of Ardilan. It was for Khusrau Khan, the governor of that district, that he compiled in 1215/1800“! his Zuhdat al-tawdriMi i Sinandijl^ a general history, mainly of Persia, very jejune before Section x (Safawids to a.h. 1168/ 1754”5), after which come xi (on the genealogy of the Kurds and of the rulers and governors of Ardilan), xii (a brief accomit of the Qajars) and a klidtmmli (on the sources of the work etc.) : Browne CoU. G. 18 (9) - Houtum-Schindler 10 (a.h. 1275/1859). 175, Navwy’ab Abd ahEahman, entitled ^ah-nawaz Khan>^ Ha^imi Banbani Dihlawi was preceptor to the favourite daughter of Shah-'Alam "'Aftab” (reigned 1173/1759-1221/ 1806) and subsequently sole manager of the imperial household, an office which he held until his death six months after Akbar ^ah’s accession, i.e. a.h. 1222/1807. Mir^dt i dftdb-numd (a chronogram == 1218/1803-4), a sketch of general history (with a more detailed account of Shah- 'llam’s reign), biography and geography : Rieu i 1316 (not later than A.B. 1806), 1326 (a.d. 1832), 13Sa (extracts only), iii 896a (a.h. 1226/1811), 896a (fragment only), 1031a (extracts only), 1052a (extracts only), R.A.S. 58 = Morley 45 (a.h. 1228/1813), LO. D.P. 723 {a.b. 1806 ?), LO. 3916, 3974, Ivanow Curzon 8 (a.h. 1233/1817), 9, Bankipur vi 481 (13th year of Akbar II), Bodleian 120 (a.h. 1244/1829), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (see Oriental College Magazine, voL ii no, 3 (May 1926) p. 69). Description : ElKot and Dowson History of India viii 332-3. [Biog. by S. M. Rida Tabataba’i (Rieu iii p, 10186) ; AMibdrdt i Hind (Rieu iii 914 fol. 178) ; Rieu iii 896a, 10806.] ^ For Sinandij, the capital of the Persian province of Kurdistan, see Ency. IsL tinder Senna. ^ This Shah-nawaz Khan is of course to be distinguished from the more celebrated Sam§am ai-Daulah Shah-nawaz ^an (Mir ‘Abd ai-Razzaq), the author of the Ma'dMr al-umard*. A. GENERAL HISTORY 14T 176. Harsukli Eay b. Jiwan-Das . b. Ray .Basamt Ray Kliati!* was a, resident of Lahore. Majmd al-akhbdr^ a- general history to a.h, 1220/1805--6, the date of completion, in eight books called 'aM6'nr, , of which, the seventh, on Indian local dynasties, is the most important : Rieii iii 8966 (a.h. 1264/1848), 1052a (extracts only. Girc. A.D. 1850).; Translation of extracts : B.M. Add. 30,782, foil. 234r--B06. Description and 13 pp. of translated extracts (on the Jats of Bharatpnr and on the E.I.Co.) : Elliot and Dowson History.. of Mm viii 355-372.1 177. Mirza M. Rida '^Bandah '’ b. M. Shafi' Shahawari TabrM was Mimid al-Mmmlik and a favourite of Fath-'Ali ^ah (reigned 1211/1797-1250/1834). He died at Tihran A.H. 1223/1808-9. By order of Fath-'Ali he and ''Abd al-Karim b. 24.1i Rida Ishtihardi ^ (who dealt with the Prophets and Imams and Fath-'Ali’s reign to a.d. 1801) compiled the Zinat aUtawdrlMly ^ history of the East, especially Persia, to a.h. 1221 /1806-7, in an dqhdz (the Creation) and two plrdyaJis ((1) Prophets, Imams, biographies of famous men, (2) political history) : Rieu i 135 (complete. Circ. a.d. 1810), 1366 (about 1st half of Flrdyah ii (early kings of Persia — Aq-quyunlus. a.h. 1225/1810), 1366 (Qajars and Zands, a.h. 1227/ 1812), Suppt. 39 (voL i, i.e. Aghdz and Flrdyah i. a.h. 1220/ 1805), Browne Coll. G. 16 (13-14) = Houtum-Schindler 11 (vol. i dated a.h. 1289/1872-3, vol. ii (defective at end) a.h. 1227 / 1812), Majlis 268 (a.h. 1228/1813), Aumer 229 (vol. ii = Plrdyahii), [iV'^^ans^a^^ i Ddrd (Rieu Suppt. 123) fob 83 ; Anjuman i Khdqdn (Rieu Suppt. 120) fol. 406 ; Majma" al-fusahd' ii 80.] 178. Abu T-Qasim b. M. 'Ali Simnani Sasani is the author of a work* entitled Jam i jahdn~numd i Sdsdnl (Lindesiana ^ Five or six copies of this work were known to Elliot, who describes it as not uncommon. 2 ‘Abd al-Karim was the continuator of Mirza Sadiq’s Tarl^ i giii-gu^ay or Taril^ i Zavdiyah (for which see below in the section History : Persia : Zands). 148 . II. HISTOBY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. p. 109 no. 364a), and it was he who at the suggestion of Francis Gladwin prepared a revised edition of the Persian translation of al-Tabaifs history (see p. 65 siqm), Suldlat al-siyar^ composed a.h. 1222/1807, a compendium of general history in two maqalahs ((1) non-Indian dynasties, (2) Indian dynasties) : Bodleian 122 (a.d. 1814). 179. M. Husain b. Karam-‘AIi Isfahanl was over sixty years of age in 1222/1807 when he was writing at Ma^ad his Compendium of general history to a.h. 1223/1808, being virtually a transcript of the Nusa^ i jaJidn-drd wnth a brief continuation : Rieu i 1366 (circ. a.h. 1223/1808). 180. M. Rida ''Najm” b. Abi l-Qasim Tabataba’i entitled Ifajm al-Daulah IftMar al-Mulk Husam-Jang was born at Patna. In 1227/1812, having served for nine years as Collector at Bareilly, he was called to Delhi where he succeeded to his father's title and offices and served for eight years as (deputy ?) steward of the Household and Ddrdghah of the Treasury. Then after filling for seven years the office of Biwdn to Eajah RaghujI at Nagpur he retired and devoted himself to literary pursuits at Lucknow. In addition to the works mentioned in this section he wrote also the Al^bdmt i Hhid, the Mafdtih al-ri'dsat, the Naghmh i 'andallb and the Khwiirsliid i Idmi' or Manzar al- 'dhm (a geographical work), all of which form parts of his historical encyclopaedia Bahr ahza khkJi dr. (1) ZtAdat al“ghard*ib^ a general history in five volumes, composed in 1231/1816 (or between 1816 and 1830 according to Elliot and Dow^son viii p. 434) : 1.0. D.P. 262 (Bilg. 1333) (vol. V (lives of philosophers, saints, poets, etc. Auto- graph (?)), Rieu hi 10246 (extracts from vol. v (biographies of philosophers, saints and poets). Oirc. A.n. 1850), 1026a (preface and table of contents only. Circ. a.d. 1850), 1053a (extracts from vol. iv (Indian Timurids)). Description : EUiot and Dowson History of India vih 434. (2) Majma^ al-muluky a very brief general history com- menced about 1260/1844 and forming vol, hi of the author's A. GENERAL ■ HISTORY 149 Mstoricar encyclopaedia -entitled Bahr al-za kJikha r : . Nad|&, ilimad 70 (antograpli. M. -'Ali Husain’s Library, Haidarabad), Eieu iii 10146 (extracts only. .Circ. a.b. 1850),. 1053a (extracts only), cf. 1048a. Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India .xiii 432-5.^ [Naghmah i 'cmdalib under ''Hajni”; Mafdtlh ahrVdmiy preface ; Elliot and Dowson viii 432-3, 436-7 ; Eieu iii 914.] 181. ‘Inayat Husain (''of Mabrard” according to -Elliot and Dowson) mentions tlie accession of Akbar II in bis Kdshif ah aJMdr, wbicb must consequently have been completed later than A.H. 1220/1805. Kdshif ahaMihdr^ a general history of no value : Eieu iii 1013a (extracts only. Circ. a.b. 1850), 1020a (extracts only. Circ. A.B. 1850). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 372-3. 182. Bahadur Singh b. Hazari-Mal b. Lachlinii Chand, a Gondliwal Kayastha of the Bathnagar caste, describes himself as an inhabitant of Shahjahanabad and says that in 1232/1816-17, ha\nng to leave the capital, he settled in Lucknow, where he devoted himself to the compilation of his Yddgdr i Bahddtin^ completed a.h. 1249/1833-4, a general history in four sdniluihs with some chapters on biography, geography, arts and sciences : Eieu iii 897a (19th cent.). English translation of a considerable portion by Muiishi Sadasukh Lai : B.M. MS. Add. 30,786, foU. 292-391. Description and 5 pp. of translated extracts (mainly on Oiidh) : Elliot and Dowson History of India ^nii 417-25. 183. Qadi Faqir Muhammad b. QadI M, Eida is described by his son Na'wwab 'Abd al-Latif, C.I.E. (Member of the Bengal Legislative Council etc., b. 1828, d. 1893 ; see Buck- land, Dictionary of Indian Biography p. 2, where he is said to have been the ‘‘son of a leading pleader in the Sadr Diwani ^ Elliot’s copy of this work “obtained from the author direct” does not seem to be among the Elliot MSS. in the British Museum. 150 II. HISTORY, BIOORAPHY, ETC. Court at Calcutta as a very learned and pious man wlio lived in Calcutta and died tliere in 1844 at the age of seventy. Jdmi^ al-tawdnMl:, a general Hstory written a.h. 1250/ 1834-5 and divided into fourteen fads : LO. 4422, Eieu iii 8996 (extracts only. 19tli cent.), 1016a (extracts only. Circ. I A.b..'1850). ' 1836^-*, . [Lucknow],' 187P, Lucknow 1291/1874"'*^ (with a preface by his son "Abd al-Latif). Description and a translated extract of 3 pp. (on the battle of Plassey and the accession of Mir Ja'far) : Elliot and Dowson History of India "idii 425-9. 184. Saiyid BI. Baqir ^Ali Khan b. Shah Kaliin Allah Bii^ari was tutor to Blirza Jahangir and Mirza Babur, presumably Mu^al princes, and was subsequently appointed Mimsif at Hainirpur. Tdnkh i Hintly a general history of no value abridged mainly from the Mir' at i aftdb-numM, written am. 1251 118Z6-Q and dedicated to Henry Pidcock : Rieu iii 10526 (foil. 72-131. Papers relating to the work (with extracts ?)). Translated extracts (?) : B.M. MS. Add. 30,781, foil 118-140, Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 414-15.^ 185- ‘Abd al-Wahhab “ Qatrah ’’ of Chahar Blahall is spoken of by Rida-Quli Khan in 1284/1867-8 as still alive. For his diwdn see Eieu Suppt. 357 Shams ahtawdrl^y a general history to the rise of the Qajar dynasty compiled in the reign of Muhammad ^ah Qajar (a.d. 1834-41) and divided into a muqaddhnah (on the Prophet, his predecessors and successors), forty chapters (on the various dynasties) and two Ifhdtimahs (on the Qajars and the Ottomans respectively) ; Browne Coll 6. 17 (9) = Houtum-Schindler 13 (probably autograph). [Maj^na' ahfusahd' ii 422-4 ; Rieu Suppt. 357 (q.v. for further references).] ^ TMs work is described by Elliot as of no value, though of some repute in Bundelkhand, where it was composed. A, GENERAL HISTORY 151 186. Thomas William Beale, a clerk in the office of the Board of Eevemiej North West Provinces, died at Agrah in 1875 at an advanced age. His best-known work, The Oriental Biographical Dictionary (Calcutta 1881, new edition, revised and enlarged by H. G. Keene, London 1894), is full of inaccuracies. Miftdh ahtawdriMiy or, to quote the title-page of the first edition, Miftali-uVTawarihh, or The Key to History^ being a collec- tion of the most valuable chronograms in the Persian language [chronologically arranged andl shewing the exact year and date of ^ the birthsy deaths, &c,, &c, of Mahomedan Idngs, philosophers and other eminent men tvith historical observations ; also inscriptions of ancient buildings with their descriptions .to the 1265 th year of the Hijree era . , . : Agrah 1849°*, Cawnpore 1867°* (part of this edition (or another edition ?) was issued with a title-page describing the work as the Jdmi‘ al-tawdrikh of Ra^id al-Diii Ghazani (for which see p. 72 supra)). Description: Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 441-4. Dictionary of hidian Biography 187. ‘Ahd al-Wahhab h. *Ali As^a! b. 'Ali b. Isina'il b, M. Mahdi Shirazi composed in 1257/1841--2 his Nukhbat aUakhhdYj a general history, with special reference to Persia, in a muqaddnnah (Creation and Adam), six: ‘umvdns ((i) Prophets, (ii) Pre-Islainic kings, (iii) Muhammad, (iv) Persian kings contemp. with Muhammad, (v) Fatimah, the Twelve Imams, Umaiyads and ‘Abbasids, (vi) dynasties contemp. with and posterior to the ‘Abbasids) and a Mdtimah (Muhammad Shah Qajar) : Eieu Suppt. 41 (autograph. Circ, 1260/1844). 188. Muhammad Sadia '"Alditar’’ met Sir Henry Elliot at ‘Aligarh and at his request wrote in 1263/1847 his Mdkhzan al^jawdhir^ a meagre sketch of Oriental history : Rieu iii 900a (probably a.h. 1263/1847). 189. Rida-QuH Khan “ Hidayat for whose life and w^orks see below under Biography : Poets, died a.h. 1288/1871. Raudat al-safd i Ndsir% a new edition of Mir Khwand’s 152 n. HISTOEY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Baud at al-safd' (for wMcli see p. supra), witli a continiia- tion to tlie editor's own .time in tkcee books : phran 1270-4/ 1853 - 6 ". 190. S. IlaM Ba^sh b. 'Ali-Ba Mi^ Hnsaini Angrezabadi was Isorn A.H. 1240;1824-5 at Englisb Bazar, or New Malclah, wliere be spent tbe whole of his life. He was a pupil of ^4bd abKarlm, who was himself a pupil of Ghulam Husain Zaidpuii. In his later years he was Persian teacher in the Maldah District School. He died on 2 Harch 1892, In addition to the KJiwursMd i jalmi-nmnd he wrote works entitled Kmiz al-masadir and Iqlim i baldghat, Khwur^id ijahdn-numd (a chronogram = 1270/1853-4, the date of commencement, a.h. 1280/1863-4 being the date of completion), a history and geography of the world divided into twelve chapters called biirj ((i) the Creation, (2) America, (3) Africa, (4) Europe, (5) Asia, (6) Australasia, (7) the Prophets, (8) the Philosophers, (9) Saints, poets etc., (10) history of the Silfi schools, (11) important buildings, (12) accoimt of the author and his family) : Buhar 102 (autograph), Ivanow 209 (extracts relating to Bengal transcribed A.n. 1890-1 for H. Beveridge). Description of the work and analysis of the part relating to Bengal : The Khurshld Jalidn Numd of Sayyad Ildlu Ba Msh al Hiisaim Angrezdbddl, — By H, Beveridge {in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, voL Ixiv (1895), pt. 1, pp. 194-236). 191. M. Taai Ka^am, -when still a young man went to Tihran, where he was well received by Fath-'Ali Eh a n Saba ” Ka^ani Malik al-^u'ara’,^ Fath-‘Ali ^ah's poet laureate, Tvho urged him to write a work on prosody using '' Saba's” verses as examples. Saba"’ died in 1238/1822-3, and 'SSipihr’’, w^ho had returned to KMan, abandoned the idea of 'writing the suggested work on prosody. In 1250/1834 Sultan Muhammad Shah Qajar acceded to the throne and appointed him Royal Panegyrist {Madddh i Mdssali), giving him a post of secretary and accountant in the Treasury {mmiin wa- mustaufl i dhvdn). In the same year '' Saba’s ” son M, Husain ^ See Browne iv 309-10, A. GENERAL HISTORY 153 .Khan “ 'Andalib " persuaded him to resume the project of writing a work on prosody and in 1251/1835-6 ^ he completed and dedicated to M, Shah Qajar the Barahm aVajam f l qawamn ul~mu^jam (for a MS. see Blochet ii 1046. Edition : Tihran 1272/1855'"). At the request of M. Shah he undertook to write a universal history, and Nasir al-Din Shah, w^ho acceded in 1264/1848, encouraged this undertaking and in 1272/1855-6 gave him the title of Lisan al-Mulk. He died at Tihran in 1297 / 1880 (according to the Ma^had Catalogue iii, p. 149). Ndsi kh al-tawdrlkhr, ^ general history of little value except for contemporary history^ ('which included the beginnings of the Babi movement) published (originally, it appears) in 14 volumes^ and extending to 1267/1851 with a later continuation to 1273/1857, the part relating to the Qajars having the sub- title TanMi i Qdjdnyah. Editions : (1) [Tihran 1860 ? onwards] (voL i pts. 1 and 2 are in the B.M. (see Edwards 527). Eor [a reprint of ?] voL i pts. 1 and 2 (Tihran 1285/1868-9) see Ency. IsL under Sipihr. For vol. ii (undated ?) and [a reprint of ?] voL iv (a.h. 1294/1877) see Asafiyah i p. 256 nos. 934 and 949). (2) Tihrto [?] vol. i (from the Fall of Adam to the Hijrah) 1306/1888-9, vol. ii (other events down to the Hijrah) 1310/1892-3, vol. iii (from the Hijrah to the Prophet's death) 1310/1892-3, vol. iv (the first three Caliphs) 1306/1888-9, vol. v (the fourth Caliph) n.d. ?, vol. vi (Fatimah) 1308/1890-1, vol. vii (the Imam Hasan) n.d. ?, vol. viii (the Imam Husain) 1307 /1889-90, vol. ix (the Qajar dynasty) 1304/1886-7.^ (3) Bk. ii pt. 6 [sic] only (the Imam Husain, evidently = vol. viii of edition (2) above), [Bombay] 1309/1892''. ^ In the printed edition, however, 1268/1851-2 is given as the date of com- pletion. 2 According to Minorsky (E7icy. IsL under Sipihr) it is criticised severely by the Persians of the present day, who say that it is full of inaccuracies and anachronisms. , ® The edition represented by the copy in the Asafiyah Library appears to be differently divided. It is stated in the Emy, IsL on the authority of ‘‘the Indian catalogues” that the 14th volume stops at the period of the Imam M. al-Baqir. ^ These statements concerning the dates and the contents of the volumes are given on the authority of the A§al5yah Catalogue (voi. i, p. 256). 154 IL HISTORY, . BIOGEAPHX/ EXa^ Extracts : IntiMiab i Nmikh al4awdnkh, Laiiore i90if, 1904^, 1906t. Translated extracts : (1) The Eiiglish tmnslation of the revised iMennediate Persian Course of the Pimjah University, tram by Sardur ChJmju Swiyh. Lahore 1896'^. (2) Tramlation and explanation of the Persian Intermediate Course of the Paujab University. By T. George. Lahore [1896-7°]. IfSigdristdn i Ddrd (Eien Suppt. 123) fol. ; Gobineau Trois am en Asie, Paris 1859, pp. 454, 461-2, Les religions et les philosophies, Paris 1866, p. 157 ; Majnia' alfusahd’ ii 166-181 ; A travellers narrative ivritten to illustrate the episode of the Bab, edited . . . and translated . . . by E. G. Browne, Cam- bridge 1891, ii 173-184; Blocbet ii 1046; 'BxQwnt Lit. Hist. iY 326, 344 ; Ency. Isl. under Sipihr (Minorsky).] 192. Muhammad Hasan Khan Maraghi, entitled successively Sani‘ ai-Dauiah, Mu'tainan ahSultan, and I‘timad al-Saltanah, was the son of Hajjl ^Ali Khan Mara^i, entitled first Hajib al- Daulah and afterwards Ptimad al-Saltanah, one of Nasir al-Dln Shah’s ministers. He was French interpreter to Nasir al-Din ^ah and was afterwards promoted to be press minister (Yate, p. 313). He accompanied Nasir al-Din Shah on his journey to Khurasan at the end of 1300/1882. He died at Tihran on 19 ^awwal 1313/3 April 1896. '' He compiled altogether some tivo dozen books, almost all of them on geographical, historical, and other such subjects connected with Persia ” (Yate, ibid.). Of these the TdrlM i muntazam i Ndsirl, the Hujjat aUsa'ddah, the Durar abtljdn, the Khairdt hisdn, the al-Mad^ir wa-bd^r, the Mathd al-shums, the Mir^dt abbulddn i Ndsiri and the Tdrikh i inkishdf i Yangi Dunya are mentioned in their appropriate places below. TafiMt i muntazam i Nddrt^ a history from a.h. 1 to A.n. 1882, in 3 vols. ({1} a.h. i/622-656/1258, followed by the events of the solar year beg. March 1880 in Persia and Europe, with calendar and court directory, (2) a.h. 657/1259- 1194/1779, (3) the Qajar dynasty from 1194/1779 to 1300/1882 A. , GENERAL HISTORY .* AFPENDIX ; 155 with, calendar for .1300). . Edition:. [Tihian,] 1298/188F~1300/. 1883® (cf. Browne Lit, Hist, iv p. 455). Description (by S. Churchill) : JRAS, 1887 p. 318. [0. E. Tate, Khurasan and Sistan, Edinburgh and London 1900, pp. 313-14 ; E. G. Browne, Press and poetry of modem Persia pp. 156 and 164-6, iiL Hist, iv 453-6 ; Berthels OhHc istorii persidshoi literatury pp. 113-16 ; Emy, IsL under Muhammad Hasan Khan (Minorsky), where much additional information is given.] 193. Appendix (a) Titled works {!) Athdr al-muluk wa- l-anhiya!' (a chronogram = 931) dar talklm i Habib al-siyar, written in 931/1524-5, possibly by Khwand-Amir : Majlis 619 (6). (2) Bohr al-tawdfikh^ a general history begun a.h. 1099/ 1687-8 by an Indian writer and continued to a.h. 1154/1741-2 : Rieu iii 10176 (extracts only, Circ. a.d. 1850). Description : Elliot and Dowson History of India viii 101-2 (from a MS., apparently autograph, in library of the Nawwab of Tonli). (3) Jam i Jam^ a translation by Earhad Mirza (for whom see p. 204 infra) of William Pinnock’s Comprehensive system of modern geography and history. Edition : [Tihran,] 1273/1856®. (4) al-Ma^drif^ translation of Ibn Qutaibah’s work (for which see Brockelmann i 121) : Lindesiana p, 175 no. 418 (circ. A.D. 1760). (5) Miftah ahquluhy by Shams al-Din aLAsil : Browne Coll H. 2 (11) (vol. ii (the Caliphs and numerous dynasties con- temporary with the ^Abbasids)), Browne Suppt. 1227 (vol. iii (Chingiz, Timur, the Ottomans, Black and White Sheep, Uzbaks etc,). Christ’s). 156 H. HISTOEYi BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (6) MuMltcisar tdnkh i Islam. [Translated (from the Turkish ?) by S.Eida ‘Ali-Zadah.] Edition : Lahore 1345/1926-7*. (7) Mu^tasar tdfi^ i ‘umurni. [Apparently by M. Murad. Translated (from the Turkish ?) by S. Ridu /Ali-Zadah.] Edition: Lahore 1345/1926-7*. (8) Mu^asar al-tawdnkh, composed in 1161/1748 by ‘Abd al-Salam Eton 169 (a.h. 1174/1760-1). (9) MuWitasar al-tawanMl I Sulaimdnl : see Subhat al- (i khy ar below, (10) MuTuj ah^ahah^ translatiou of al-Mas'udf s work (for whicli see Brockelmami i 145), by Mirza Haidar ^41i FaWir al- ndaba’ made in 1316/1898-9 by order of Sultan Mas'iid Mirza Zill al-Sultan : Majlis 246 (a,h. 1316/1898-9). (11) Suhhat al-akhydr or Subhat al-oMthdr^ genealogical tables of the Patriarchs and the principal dynasties of the East ending with the Ottomans, There exist, in Persian and Turkish, genealogical tables, some, if not all, compiled in the time of Sultan Sulaiman I (a.h. 926/1520-974/1566), about wdiich it is perhaps impossible on the basis of the descriptions given in the catalogues to make completely accurate statements. In 952 /1545 Yusuf b. *Abd al-Latif wrote in Turkish and dedicated to Sultan Sulaiman his Subhat al-oMiyar [?] which he translated from, or based on, a Persian original (of the same title ?) apparently by a certain Shafi'i. Twenty-two manuscripts of 'Abd al-LatiPs work are enumerated by Babinger {Die GescMcktssckreiber der Osmmen, p. 71), while Fliigel ii 839-42 {Suhhat al-alMdr, in Turkish with Persian preface, beginning Hddhihi silsilah i Khdqdm etc.) and 867 {Suhhat al-a hhy dT, entirely in Turkish apparently, beginning Silsilah-junhdm i Immd u sipds) are described as copies, or translations, of ShafiT’s work. In 1078/ 1667-8 the Turkish text of Yusuf b. 'Abd al-Latif's work was brought to Erivan by merchants, and Safi-Quli, the governor of the town, translated it into Persian and dedicated his translation to Shah Sulaiman the Safawid (a.h. 1077/1666-1105/1694). Safi-Qulfs translation : Rieu i 138 (19th cent.), Majlis 271 (where the work is called Mu^dsar aldawdnM i Sulaiiudm), A. GENERAL HISTORY : ARPENDIX 157 {12) Tmqth al-akhbdr ft dthdr ahadwdr: Biibar 59 (vol vii (History of Europe to tbe 19tli cent.) only. 19tli cent.). (13) TdrlMk i tawallud u wafdt i pddi^dhdny dates of the birth and death of eminent persons (rulers, scholars, poets etc.) and the principal historical events from the birth of Timur, 25 Sha^ban 736/8 April 1336, to a.h. 1144/1731-2 : EtM 2731. (14) Tar jamah i Tamaddun i Isldmty a translation by Mirza Ibrahim QummJ of the Ta'nMi al4amaddun al-Islmm of Juiji Zaidan (d. 1914, see Ency. I si, under Zaidan). Edition : phran 1329/1911 (see Mashhad iii p. 115). (15) Tawdrtkh i pddis}0idn i Iran u Turdn u Hindustan wa-ghairah tamdm ijahdn^ a chronological list of the rulers of the Muhammadan world ending, so far as India is con- cerned, with Muhammad Shah : Eth6 1. (16) Tula i tamaddun u tkhtird!^dt i ^azlm^ a brief history of civilization, compiled from English works by Minimi M. b. Ahmad. Edition: Bombay 1328/19ir. (6) XJntithd works (1) Critical essay on the conflicting statements of historians, written at the request of Sir H, M. Elliot by S. Hasan 'Ali : Rieu iii 900a (circ. A.r>. 1860). (2) General history to a.h. 970/1562-3, by Ghiyath al-Din M. Jami, who was in the service of Humayun : Natoir Ahmad 55 (Diwan Fadl i Rabbi, Mur^idabM). (c) Miscellaneous unidentified ivorks ‘ (1) Bodleian 14 (from Arda^ir b. Babak to the death of al- Husain. Transcribed after a.h. 1000/1591-2), (2) Bodleian 96 (to A.H. 948/1542, the date of composition), (3) Bodleian 101 (to A,H. 1020/1611), (4) a very detailed general history, Leningrad Pub. Lib. (see Melanges asiatiques iii (St. Petersburg 1859) p. 728), (5) Buhar 14 (to a.h. 1134/1721-2), (6) 10. 3732 (6). This is 158 IL HISTOKY, BIOaBAPHY, ETC. tte work wMcli Major Raverty in Ms translation of tke Tubdqdt i Nmiri often refers to under the title of TdnMi4-Ydfa% [sic], a title wliich is indeed scrawled on the manuscript, (7) EtM 120 (tO : a.h/1001/1592-3). ' B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, Etc. (d) Qisas al’-anhiyd 194. In the preface to the Qi§(i§ al-anbiya’ wa-siyar ah ynuluk '' wMch has been lithographed several times in Persia the 1st of Rabi' al-awwal 352/963 is given as the date on which ShaM Muhammad Huwaizi ^ ’’ began with the collaboration of other scholars to translate the work from an Arabic original supplemented from other sources. The translation was under- taken by order of a certain Sultan GMvath al-Din Muzaffar no doubt a fictitious personage. If the date given were correct, tMs work would be among the oldest surviving specimens of Muhammadan Persian, like the translation of al-Tabarfs Hstoty and the other works mentioned on p. 1, note 2, but it may be surmised that the date 352 was selected by some unknown forger as an appropriate date merely because that was the year in wMch Abu Salih Mansur b. Ntih instructed al-Bakami to translate al-Tabarfs history. Qisas ahanbiyd wa-siyar ahmuluk. Editions : Tabra 1279/1862-3 (see MSlanges asiatiques v (St. Petersburg 1864-8) p. 618), [Tabnz,] 1281/1864°, [Tihran,] 1284/1867°, [Tabriz,] 1290/1873°. ^ This is the form in which the nishah appears in the edition of 1281/1864. The Tabriz edition of 1279/1862-3 seems to have Juwairi (see Melanges asiatiques v (1864-8), p. 518). It may be noted that in the edition of 1281 the Sufi Abu Muhammad Jurairi (for whom see ‘Attar TadhJdraf al-miliya\ ed. Nicholson, pt. if, pp. 132-4 and Nicholson’s note (Variants, p. 84)) is called Abu Muhammad Huwaizi on p. 5, 1. 2. B. , THE. PEOPHETS, EABLY ISLAM, ETC. : Qims al-anUyff' 159 The mamiscript Qisas ahanbiyff Miigel iii 1572 (a.h. 1000/ 1591'-2 ?) begins with the same words as the edition of 1281/ 1864° (vis:. al-Hamdti li-llah alladM Malay aldnsdn wa-alhimaliu 1-baydn wa-ahmmahu hi-nmzid al-ihsdn), but the arrangement of the contents seems to differ from that indicated by the table of contents prefixed to the lithograph. The MS. evidently contains no preliminary story about the Sultan ^iya^ al-Din Muzaffar and Shaili M. Huwaizi. 195. Ahmad M. b. Mansur al-Arfajni [?] wrote at some date unknown, but probably quite early, since he was aware of no book dealing exclusively with the history of the Prophets. Qisas ahanhiyd^ ^ a history of the Prophets and the Imams based mainly on the Tahmilat al4a0 if wa-nuzhat al-mrdHf of Abu M. "Abd al-^Aziz b. 'U;&man al-Jasri : Blochet i 360 (mid 7th/13th cent.). 196. At BaM in 475/1082-3 Abu Na§r A. b. A. b. Nasr al- Bukhari wrote his Ams (or Uns I) al-mundln wa-mudat al- muhibbin {v. ante p. 29), which he incorporated in his Taj ah Tdj al-qisas^ a large work on the lives of the Prophets from Adam to Muhammad : 1 . 0 . D.P. 618 (not later than a.h. 1081/ 1670-1), Bankipur vi 482 (old), xiv 1111 {Ams ahmundm only. A.H. 1001/1592-3), EtM 591 (a.h. 1104/1693), 692 (breaks off in the 12th 77mjlis of the story of Joseph), Bodleian 342 (breaks off with Battle of Hunain). Ivanow 326 {Qisas begins, like Banldpur vi 482, Ethe 591 and Bodleian 342, with the words ahHamdu IhlWi alladKi tawahhad bi-hmalaMt wa-ta‘azzaz bi-hjabarut and the apparent identity of the works is noted by Ivanow, but the statement that Ivanow 326 was compiled by Ahmad Munshi, the author of another work entitled i la^dli\ at Bijapux in 993/1585 occasions difficulty. [Bankipur vi 482,] 197. Ishaq b. IbraMm b. Mansur b. Khalaf al-NaisabiM cannot have lived much later than the close of the fifth century of the Hijrah. im II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Qisas al’-anbiyd^^ lives of the Prophets etc, and the early CalipLs’ahhlbbas, Yazidand al-Hajjaj ; H.M. iv p. 518 and vii p. 839, Blochet i 361 (early 13th cent.), 362 (defective at beginning. A.H. 669/1270), 363 (a.h. 736/1335), 364 (a.h. 989/1581. Pictures^), 365 (16th cent. Pictures), Nafito Pasha 1184 = Tauer 288 (a.h. 764/1362-3), Hamidiyah 980 = Taiier 289 (circ. A.H, 900/1494-5. 26 Pictures), Berlin 1016 (a.h. 984/1577. Pictures), Lalalsma"il364 = Tauer 290 (circ. a.h. 1000/1591-2), Rieii i 143a (16th cent.), 1436 (16th cent. Pictures), Leningrad Mus. Asiat. (a.h. 1062/1652. See Mdmiges asiatiques vi (St. Petersburg 1873) p. 124), As‘ad 2352 (1) = Tauer 291 (circ. A.H. 1100/1688-9), 10. D.P. 697 (17th cent.), Ethe 590 (a.h. 1125/ 1713), Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 936 (late 17th cent. Pictures), Asafiyah i p. 880 no. 55, Bagdad Kbshkii 249 = Tauer 292, FlWel ii 1205, Fatih 4449 (?). 198. In the time of the celebrated theologian Abu Mansur al- Maturidl, who died at Samarqand in 333/944-5 (see Brockelmaiin i 195 and Encij. IsL under Maturidi), an unnamed Samarqandi wrote, doubtless in Arabic, a work entitled Ma'dsl %anhiyd\ which contained such heresies that al-Maturidi denounced the author as a hdfir and ordered the book to be burnt. Then Abu 1- Hasan M. b. Yahya al-Basha^iri TOote, also in Arabic, his Ka^f ah^awamid ft ahwdl al-anhiya' or ^Ismat ah aribiyS^ of which no copies appear to be recorded. This work is said to have gained much popularity, but in the sixth /twelfth century it was understood vith difficulty on account of its ornate style, and for this reason an abridgment shorn of rhetorical embellishments 'was written by Nur al-Din Ahmad ibn Mahmud ibn Abi Ba,kr al-Sabuni al-Bulffiari, a Hanafi theologian who died in 580/1184 (see Ibn Qutlubu^a no. 20, al-FaivcTid ah baJiiyaJi p, 42, Brockelmann i 375). This abridgment is said to have become very popular, but no copies seem to be recorded. Persian translation of al-Sabuni’s abridgment completed in 608/1211-12 by Abu h4.bd Allah Mas‘M b. ^Ali b. 'Umar al- ^ For reproductions of some of these pictures see Arnold and Grohmann The Islamic booh. B. THE PROPHETS, EAREY' ISLAM, ' ETC. .* Qisas d-anbiy^ 161 §afraf, a pupil of al-Sabuni's: Hisas ahatqiyW min qism' ahanhiyd ^ : H.Kh. iii p. 70 no. 4525, where the title is given as Him al-atqiyd min qisas ahanhiyd\ Blocliet i 370 (a.h. 994/1586). 199. 'Imad ahDin Abu ’1-Qasim MahmM b. Ahmad al- FariyaM is best known as the author of the Arabic ethical and religious miscellany entitled Khdlisat al-TiaqdHq^ which he com* pleted in 697/1200-1. He died in 607/lko. Maqasid ahauliyW ft mahdsin ahanhiyd^y lives of the Prophets with a brief account of the first four Caliphs, dedicated to the Saljuq Abu d-Muzaffar Ibrahim b. Jalal al-Din : Meliren 41 (a.h. 1037/1627-8), Asafiyah ii p. 882 no. 52 (a.h. 1044/ 1634-5), Decourdemanche S.P. 1852 (end of 17th cent.), Edin- hurgh 189 (not later than 1186/1772-3), Buhar 38 = hTa^Ir Ahmad 72 (18th cent.), Lindesiana p. 184 no. 422 (a.h. 1235/ 1819-20), Eieu iii 1030a (extracts, a.b. 1844), I.O. D.P. 710. [Ibn Qutlubu^a 207 ; Brockelmann i 379.] 200. A certain al-Kisa’i, whose name and hinyah are variously given (Abu 1-Hasan, Abu 'Abd Allah, M. b. "'Abd Allah, M. b. "'Abd al-Malik, Hasan b. M. etc.), wrote an Arabic Qisas al~ mibiyd\ which exists in many manuscripts and of which an edition was published by I. Bisenberg at Leyden in 1922-3. He wrote before, but probably not long before, a.h. 617 /1220, the date of the B.M. MS. Or. 3054, and is no doubt identical with the Ahn Jadar M. b. ‘Abd Allah al-Kisad to w'hom H.Kh. (iv 8075) ascribes a hitdb ^Ajd'ib ahmalakuL Persian translation : NafdHs al-arSis wa-'Qisas ah anbiyd% by M. b. Hasan Daiduzanu : Blochet i 366 (a.h. 673/ 1274), "'Umumiyah 5275 = Tauer 293 (circ, a.h. 950/1543-4. 44 Pictures), Baghdad Kbshkii = Tauer 294 (a.h. 983/1575-6. 21 Pictures). H.I^. identifies the author of the Arabic original with the celebrated philologist ‘Ali b. Hamzah aLKisa’i and speaks •of a Persian work on the subject by M. b. Hasan al-Daiduzami in which he ''iqtafa a;&ar al-^adabi’h [Brockelmann i 350 ; Ency. I si. ii 1037 (Brockelmann) ; Eisen- 162 II. HISTOBY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. berg Die PfO'pliet&nlegendRn des MuImimmA ben AbdoMoh ul- Eisdi, Berae 1898, and bis edition mentioned above.] 201. Eai-Ka’us b. Kai-Khiisran b. Dara, of Eaiy, translated into Persian verse a Pablawl work on tbe life of Zoroaster. The date of tbis translation is unknown, but in tbe year 647 of tbe Yazdagirdl era (a.d. 1278) Zartu^t b. Bahram b. Pa^du, wbo subsequently translated tbe Book of Arda-Yiraf (Rieu i 47, Etbe 2819 etc.), wrote out Kai-Ka’us’s poem, appended an epilogue and possibly modified it to some extent. Zardtu^t-ndmak, or Zartusht-ndmahy a tmthnawl in 1,570 verses on tbe legendary bistory of Zoroaster firom before bis birtb till tbe events of tbe last miUenniums were revealed to bim : G.i.P. ii 122, Lindesiana p. 235 (a.d. 1636), Glasgow 3 (A.y. 1046/1677), Rieu i 46 (17tb cent.), 496 (a.d. 1677), Blocbet i 198 (2) (A.D. 1735), 199 (1) (IStbcent.), 197 (a.h. 1205/1790-1), Bodleian 1947 (circ. a.d. 1811), 1948 (defective), 1949 (Persian prose paraphrase), Dhabhai 107, 121, 124, 127, Ross and Browne 213. Edition ; Le Livre de Zoroastre — ZardtusMNdma — de Zartusht-i Bahrain hen Pajdd, publii et traduit par F. Rosenberg, St. Peters- burg 1904“*. Engbsb translation by E. B. Eastwick : The Farsi Religion,, by J. Wilson, Bombay 1843°*, pp. 477-522. Frencb translation : see above imder Edition. Descriptions : (1) Hyde Historia religionis veterum Persarum pp. 328-9, (2) J. Wilson The Parsi Religion, pp. 417-27. 202. Abu ’l-5asan b. al-Hai$am al-Bu^anji wrote in Arabic a work on tbe Prophets. Persian translation by M. b. As'ad b. ‘Abd Allah al-Hanafi al- Tustari : Oisas al-anUyd\ Browne Coll. J. 12 (12) (a.h. 731 / 1330). 203. Mu'in al-Din Farabi died a.h. 907 /1501-2 (see p. 11 supra). Tdnkh i MusaztM, a life of Moses completed a.h. 904/1498-9 : Ethd 606 (A.H. 906/1601), 2863 (a.h. 1189/1776-6), 2854, I.O. D.P. 703 (A.H. 1268/1852), IdndKiiana p. 197 no. 455 (a.h. 1123/ B. THE PEOPHETS, EAELY ISLAM, ETC. : "Qisas^ olranbiyS^ 163 1711-12), IvaEOW 323 (late 12tli cent. a.h.), 324 {12tli cent, a.h.), Bahar 24 (IStli cent, a.h.), Browne Snppt. 250 (King’s 79), Madras, E.A.S. P. 17. 204. 'Ali b. al-Hasan al-Zawari (for whom see pp. 14-15 supra).- completed his best-known work, the tafstr entitled Tarjamat in 946/1539-40. Majmd ahhuda^ biographies of the Prophets, the Imams and other holy men in forty hohs : EtM 598 (bears a seal of 1079/1668-9), Ivanow 61 (a.h. 1083/1672-3). 205. Father Jerome Xavier, a Navarrese and a grandson of St. Francis Xavier’s sister, was bom in 1549. He entered the Society of Jesus at Alcala in 1568 and in 1681 he left Lisbon for Goa. After serving as Eector of the Colleges of Bassein and Cochin, as Master of Novices and as Superior of the Professed House of Goa, he started in December 1594 for the Mu^al Court and lived for nearly twenty years at. Lahore and Agra, coming into close contact with Al-cbar and Jahangir. He died at Goa in June 1617 as Coadjutor- Archbishop elect of Cranganore. He applied himself to the study of Persian and seems to have acquired a competent knowledge of the language, but no doubt all, as certainly some, of his Persian works were written originally in Portuguese and translated by him into Persian with Oriental help. Among these works are (1) AHnah i Tiaqq-nwm, on the Christian religion, dedicated to Jahangir (see Rieu i 4ui etc., Sir E. Maclagan The Jesuits and the Great Mogul, London 1932, pp. 206-9), (2) MuntaMab i A'inah i haqq~numd, an abridgment of the preceding (see Rieu i 46 etc., Maclagan op, cit p. 208), (3) Zabur, a translation of the Psalms (see Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies iii (1923-5) p. 138, Maclagan op, dt, pp. 211-12), (4) Addb al-saltanaty written at Agrah in 1609 and dedicated to Jahangir (see Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies iii (1923-5) p. 138, Maclagan op, dt, p. 215). The fourteenth chapter of the above-cited work by Sir B. Maclagan is devoted to Xavier’s Persian works. (1) Mir^dt al-quds or Ddstdn i Masih^ a life of Christ written by Akbar’s desire in 1602 at Agrah, originally no doubt 164 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. in Portuguese, and translated jointly by the author and 'Abd al-Sattar b. Qasim Lahauri ^ : Lahore Mnsetim (incomplete and damaged, a.d. 1602, bearing Akbar’s seal. Pictures. See llaclagan op. cit, p. 203), Bodleian 364 (said to have been presented to Akbar in April 1602), Ivanow 1635 (a.h. 1013/ 1604-5. Bears Akbar’s seal), Ivanow Curzon 665 (early 20th cent.), Gotha 34 (contains notes in Xavier’s hand), London School of Oriental Studies (bears an inscription in Xavier’s hand. See Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies ii (1921-3), p. 533, iii (1923-5), p. 138, Maclagan op. cit. p. 203), Rieu i 3a (a.h. 1027 /1618), 36 (incomplete. 18th cent.), BanMpur viii 649 (a.h. 1037/1628), 650 (incomplete. 18th cent. ?), Lindesiana p. 177 no. 832 (circ. a.d. 1620), Blochet i 13 (early 17th cent.), AsaSyah ii p. 1540 no. 3 (Pictures), Cataloghi p. 436 (Casana- tense), EtM 619 (a.h. 1185/1771-2, transcribed from the printed edition), Eton 2 ik Edition with Latin translation : [Ddstdn i Masih] Historia Christ i per sice conscripta, simulque muUis modis contaminata . . . Latine reddita & animadversionibus notata a Ludovico de Dieu? Leyden 1639"*^. Descriptions : (1) Note on a Persian MS, entitled Mir-dt ul QudSj a Life of Christ compiled at the request of the Emperor Ahbar by Jerome Xavier, — by H, Blochna7in {in Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Beyigal 1870, pp. 138-47, where the preface is translated and chapter i summarized), (2) Father Jerome Xavier, ^ ‘Abd al-Sattar b. Qasim Lahauri was a son of M. Qasim Eiri^tah, if we may believe a note in the Lindesian copy of the Thamarat al-faldsifah (see Maclagan op. cit. p. 217 ult.). He was ordered by Akbar to learn the language of the Franks (i.e. Portuguese) in order to translate European books into Persian. His Thamarat al-falasifah or ATmal i Farangistdn is an account of Greece and Rome and of the lives of the philosophers (MSS. at King’s College, Cambridge (v. Browne Suppt. 770), in the B.M. (Or. 5893, see Maclagan op, cit, p. 218, n. 16), at Manchester (Lindesiana p. 177, no. 445), in the Victoria Library, Patiala (see Maclagan op. cit. p. 218, n, 16), atHaidarabad (Asafiyah i p. 346 nos. 118, 169) and at Ma^had (see the catalogue vol. iii p. 78)). He wrote also an abridgment of Sharaf al-Uin ‘AH Yazdi’s %afar- ndmah. 2 For Ludovicus de Lieu (b. 1590 at Flushing, d. 1642 at Leyden) see W. M. C. JuynboII Zeventiende-eeuwsche heoefenaars van het Arabisch in Nederland, Utrecht [, 1932 ?], pp. 200-4. B. THE PEOPHETS, EAELY ISLAM, ETC, : Qisas al-miUyff 165 — % E. Beveridge {in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Ivii, pt. i (1888), pp. 33~9), (3) The Holy Mirror ; or The Gospel according to Father Jerome Xavier. By A. Rogers {in tlie Asiatic Quarterly Review x (July-Oct. 1890), pp. 184"-200). TMs is tlie fullest analysis of tlie work, (4) Maclagan op. cit. pp. 203-6. (2) Ddstdn i ahwdl i Hawdriydn^ or Waqdii' i Hawdriym i duivdzdah-gdnah, written at Akbar's request subsequently to the Mir'dt al-quds, translated into Persian by tbe author and ‘Abd al-Sattar b. Qasim, apparently issued in instalments, since four of the lives are said to have been presented to Akbar before his death in 1605, and dedicated in its final form to Jahangir, to whom a copy was presented in 1607 : Asafiyah ii p. 1540 no. 5 (? ^^Majmidah i rasa' Hi hdlat i Pitrus loa-ghairahliawdriydn i Hadrat i ‘Isd Author not stated. Said to have been in Akbar’s library), Louvain Bibliotheque des Missions (formerly in the Goethals Indian Library, Calcutta, and earlier in the possession of G. S. A. Kanking. Said to bear Akbar's seal. Lives of Andrew, James, Peter and Paul only. QeeJASB., N.S., X (1914) pp. 71-2, Maclagan op. cit. pp. 209, 219 and the references there given), Blochet i 14 (early 17th cent.), 15, Bodleian 365 (not later than a.d. 1638), Ethe 620 {'' Kawd'if iPitar i Tsawi St. Peter only, a.d. 1778, doubtless transcribed from de Dieu’s edition), Ivanow 1636 (a.d. 1871), Ivanow Curzon 666 (incom- plete. Early 20th cent.), Leyden v p. 91 no. 2396, London S.O.S. (see BSOS. iii (1923-5) p. 138), Serampur College (see JASB., N.S., X (1914) pp. 65-71). Edition (of St. Peter’s life only) with Latin translation: [Ddstdn i San Pedrd]. Historia S. Petri per sice conscriptUy simulque multis modis contaminata. Latino reddita, & brevibus anim-adversionibus notata, a Ludovico de Dieu. Leyden 1639'^**'. Urdu translation : Nuskhah i hitdb i Bdrah Apustal, Sardhanah 1894 (acc. to title-page 1873, but see Hosten in JASB., hr.S., x (1914) pp. 72-4). Descriptions: (1) Fr. Jerome Xavier's Persian Lives of the Apostles. By the Rev. H. Hosten^ 8.J. (in JASB., N.S., x (1914), pp. 65-84, where the Persian text of Xavier’s preface 166 II. HISTOEY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. witi. an English, translation (by H. Beveridge) is given). (2) Maclagan op. cit pp. 209-11. [Eulogy of Father Jerojne Xavier, SJ., . . . Translated from the Spanish by the Rev. E. Hosten, S.J* (in JASB., hT.S., xxiii (1927) pp. 109-30) ; Sir E. Maclagan The Jesuits and the Great Mogul, London 1932, pp. 50-1, 55-9, 62-5, 70-2, 203-21 etc. (see Index) ; etc., etc.] 206. PatMHusami wrote Zad ahoMdrah^ of which the first daftar, completed in 1015/1606-7, contains a history of the Prophets to the death of Muhammad : Vollers 976 [Daftar i only. a.h. 1019/1610-11). 207. M. §adiQ[ is possibly identical with M. Sadiq Ka^miri Hamadani, the author of the Kalimdt aUsadiqm written in 1023/1614 and the Tabaqdt i Shdh-Jahdm written in 1046- 1636-7. Manaqih i aribiyd ('?)i a short (25 foil.) collection of legends concerning pre-Islamic prophets with brief notes on Muhammad and his first successors: Ivanow Curzon 101 (a.h. 1038/1629). 208. In the years 1633-39 Adam Olearius (b. 1599, d. 1671) went in the capacity of secretary with the ambassadors sent by Frederick Duke of Holstein to Eussia and Persia for the purpose of promoting the trade in silk. In his account of this journey (English translation, London 1669, p. 309) he mentions the Persian, whom I brought out of the Country,^ and who still waits on me, named Achwerdi On the 21st of May 1642 this Haqq-wirdi, having migrated from Holstein to Holland, bound himself by a written contract (clauses from which are quoted by JuynboII) to copy manuscripts® for Jacobus Golius, the well- ^ This statement is difficult to reconcile with JuynbolFs account, wffiich says that Haqq-wirdi came to Europe in 1039 as secretary or vizier to an ambassador sent by the Shah to the Court of Holstein, that on his return to Persia he was so ill rewarded by the >%ah that he came back to Holstein, accom- panied on this occasion by his son, and offered his services to the Duke and that through the influence of Olearius, the Duke’s chancellor, he was appointed to give instruction in Persian and in the customs and ideas of the Persians. * Bodleian 441 {Kalilah wa-Dimnah, translated into Persian, probably by Haqq-wirdi, from a Turkish version) is a manuscript transcribed by him at Leyden in 1642. B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, ETC. : QisaS Cll-miUyff 167 known Professor of Hebrew and Arabic at Leyden.^ After a renewal in September 1642, this contract finally expired at the end of August 1643 and shortly afterwards Haqq>wirdi returned by sea to Holstein. He helped Olearius to prepare a Latin translation of Sa'di’s Gulistmi, and he died, at the age of 65 or thereabouts, more than three years before the publication of the German translation {PersianiscJier Rosenthal, Schleswig 1654°"^), i.e. circ. 1650. Both he and his son had become converts to Christianity. Legends of the Prophets and Imams preceded by an account of the Creation : Mehren p. 17 no. 42 (defective at end). [M. Th, Houtsma Uit de Oostersche correspondentie van Th. Erpenkis, J, GoUus en Lev, Warner pp. 75-9 (in Verhandelingen van het Koninhlijhe Academie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Letterkunde, xvii, no. 3, Amsterdam 1887) ; W. M. C. Juynboll Zeventiefhde-eemvsche beoefenaars van het Arahiscli in Nederland, Utrecht [, 1932 ?], pp. 162^5.] 209. ‘Abd al-Wahid b. M. al-Mufti lived not earlier than the 16th century and not later than the first half of the 18th. ^Ajddib aLqisaSy lives of the prophets: Eth6 597 (a.h. 1148/ 1736), Ivanow Ciirzon 748 (a.h. 1197/1783), Lindesiana p. 119 no. 426 (circ. a.d. 1770). Editions : Cavmpore 1868* (2nd ed.), Lucknow 1876*, 1882^ Delhi (" JahanabM”) 1884*, Lahore 1306/1889*, 1905"*. Urdu translation : Cawnpore 1903* (and other editions). 210. A certain Baqir Khadim ’% who came to India from Iran, wrote in 1149/1736-7 Raudat al'-muttaqzn^ a poetical account of the Prophets from Adam to Muhammad : BanMpur iii 392 (a.h. 1164/ 1750-1). ^ Both. Haqq-wirdi and his son had themselv^es enrolled in the Album Studiosorum Acad. Lxigd.-Bat. 168 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 211. Appendix (a) Titled or quasi-titled worTcs (1) Afsah ahahwdl^ on tlie Pre-Islaniic Prophets, by Atman Ram (?) : Berlin 539. (2) Ahsan ahqasaS:^ on the legend of Joseph, written at Lucknow by 'Abd al-'Azim Husaini Isfahani: Ivanow 938 (a.i-l 1239/1824). Por other works dealing with the legend of Joseph or with the explanation of Surah xii see above, pp. 11, 25, 29 (nos. (2) and (10)), 31, 33 and nos. (41) (48) and (49) below. Poetical versions of the story of Yusuf and ZulaiMia will be mentioned in the section relating to Poetry. (3) Akj^ar al-arAnyW (begirming EamL i bi-hadd u sijpds i bi-'adad rmr lOnddy rd kih M0^iq[i har jahan, etc,) : Ross and Browne 125 (18th cent.). (4) Anhiyd-^ndmah^ a ma^mwi on the Pre-Islamic Prophets and Muhammad, composed by lyani’’ (Abu Ishaq Ibrahim b. 'Abd Allah al-Balah-Chani [?] al-Shahistari) at some date unknown but possibly in the time of Ghazan (a.h. 694/1295- 703/1304): Ivanow 1754 = Sprenger 364 (slightly defective at beginning. Early 16th cent.). (5) Badr al-ahillah ft kanz al-hikmah (?),^ a work con- taining inter alia diXi account of the Creation and of the Pre-Islamic prophets divided into a large number of sections called latjfah and ending (at any rate in the Berlin MS.) with Joseph : Berlin 540 (old), (6) Bohr ahdurar dar ahwdl i Musa : Rehatsek p. 187 no. 22. (7) Bahr i mawwdj\ metrical lives of the Prophets and of Fatimah and 'Umar, by Ihsan Allah Mumtaz (d. 1275/1857). Edition : [Lucknow ?] 1262/1846'^*, Lucknow 1923*. ^ It seems doubtful whether this is the title of the part of this MS. containing the account of the Prophets. B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : Qisas al-anbiyd’ : appenbix 169 (8) Bilqis u Sulaimdn, a ^mthmwi by AHmad Khan " Sufi ”, for whom see also pp. 205-6 below. Edition : Agrah 1296/ 1879°*. (9) Ddstdn i Sulaimdn^ a poem on the legendary war between Solomon and Rustam. Edition : ‘Azimabad [i.e. Patna], 1297/1880°. (10) Gulsjian i farhang, an account of Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism, by Kai-Khusrau b. Ka’us Farisi. Edition : Bombay 1274/1858°. (11) Iskandar-ndmah, in prose : Leningrad Mus. Asiat. (see Melanges asiatiques vii (St. Petersburg 1876) p. 404). Of. no. (38) infra. (12) Iskandar-ndmah, in prose. Edition: [Persia,] 1274/ 1858°, 1284/1867°. (13) Khuldsat al-arihiydf : no copies recorded. Urdu translation by Ghulam-Nabi. Editions : Calcutta 1868*, Cawnpore 1335/1917*, Lahore 1340/1921-2*, 1926*, [1929 or 19301]. (14) Kkiddsah i tdrl^ i anhiyd\ Editions: Lahore A.H.S. 1306/1926* [1927*]. (15) Madmat al-anhiyd^ : Ivanow 328 (12th/18th cent.). (16) Majma^ al-hasandt [?], lives of the Prophets etc. and the first four Caliphs : BauMpur vi 483 (18th cent.), Berlin 541, Bodleian 343 (lacunae), Eth^ 593, 594 (a.h. 1203/1789), 595 (an abridgment (of this same work (?)). a.h. 1076/1665), Browne Suppt. 957 (?) (Corpus 217). (17) MuntaMlcd) al-dkhbdr.. by Baha’ al-Din b. Sa‘d al-Din : see p. 206 infra. (18) (MuntakMb i qisas al-anbiyd^), beginning al-Hamdu li-lldhi ’lladjn ja‘ala ’l-hamda miftah'^”' li-dhihriM : Ivanow 327 (a.h. 1027/1618 ?). ' (19) Musd-ndmah : Peshawar 1459. (20) Qisas al-ardnyd^ , by Allah-Yar Khan Ghilza’i : Ivanow 329 (19th cent.). 170 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (21) Qisas al-anbiyd\ beginning Atidar tafslr i m ayah Mh guft Khudav ta‘dld Khalacia ’l-saindimU wa-l-ard : Cairo p. 506. (22) Qisas al-anbiya’, a long poem on the Pre-Islamio Prophets and Muhammad, beginning Ildhl ba-dil kdonam az WMmaJi dill : Aya Sfifiyah 3355 = Tauer 297 (defective at end. 10th/16th cent.). (23) {Qisas al-arihiyS\ another long poem beginning SuT^n-guy chun guft khwahad suMan : Aya §ufiyah 2984 == Tauer 298 (8th/14th cent.). (24) {Qisas al-anbiya’), a detailed work on the Pre-Islamic Prophets in 41 tnajdlis : EtM 696 (first leaf missing. a.h. 1070/ 1660 ?). (25) {Qisas al-anbiyd’)i beginning al-Hamdu li-lldhi Babb al-‘alamm wa-l-dqibatu li-l-muitaqm . . . ammd ba‘d bi-ddn Mh dmn Malik subMnahu wa-ta‘ald Mywdst kih Adam rd biydfnnad : Fatih 4451 = Tauer 295 (a.h. 841/1437). (26) {Qisas al-anbiya^), the legends concerning the Pre- Islamic Prophets, the kings of the Yemen and the life of Muham- mad to the Battle of Badr, beginning al-Hamdu li-lldM jdmi al-adttat : Aya Sfifiyah 3347 = Tauer 296 (a.h. 891/1486). (27) Qisas al-anhiycf, beginning al-Hamdu li-lldhi ’lladhl Mmlaqa ’l-insdn : Flfigel iii 1572 (of. p. 159 supra). {2^) Qisas al-anbiyd^ y ‘‘ matsAioxL of Tha'alibfs [sic] work”: Eton 14 (a.h. 1190/1776-7). (29) Qwas : Browne Suppt. 956 (a.h. 1074/1663-4). (30) Qisas al-anbiydf : Peshawar 1466 (9th/15th cent.). (31) Qisas al-anbiydf : Agafiyah ii p. 880 no. 14 (a.h. 1083/ 1672-3). (32) Qisas al-anbiydf : Rawan Ko^M 1534=Tauer 299. (33) Qisas al-anbiyd’ : Eawfin KosWdi 1536 = Tauer 300. (34) Qisas al-ctribiyodi tdnM u Midi i anbiyd’ u mursalm (beginning al-Hamdu li-lldhi Raib al-‘dlamm . . . ammd ba‘d riu'dyat mi-kunad M. b. Ismd’il b. AdMr i BuMdn). Edition : Bombay 1282/1865°, 1293/1876*, 1300/1883*. B. THE PROPHETS, -ETC. : : APPENB 171 (35) Qisas i anhiyd i kiranty in 83 chapters (74-83 on Muhammad), by ^Abd al-Latif b. Shams abDin 'All al-Birjandl : Berlin 642 (slightly defective at beginning, a.h. 962/1554). (36) Qisas ahmuYsalin^ lives of the Prophets and Imams with a compendium of the fundamentals of Islam, by M. Husain b. M. Eidawi Tihrani. Edition: [phran,] 1301/1884 (vol. i (Adam to Jirjis) is in the B.M.). (37) Qisas i tawdrlMi i anhiyai : Leyden hi p. 16 no. 928 (A.H. 745/1344-5). (38) {Qissah i Iskandar i DM ^l-^Qarnain)^ in prose: Leningrad Mus. Asiat. (see MSlanges asiatiques vii (St. Peters- burg 1876), p. 174). Of, no. (11) supra, (39) Qissah i Sulaimariy by ^araf al-Dln Abu Ya^qub Yusuf b. 'Umar b. 'All al-TabrM, " the great Imam, the Mufti of Iran and AAarbaijan,’’ written for the daughter of the Isfahsalar 'Ala’ al“Din Ahmad b. TuAa Mirak al-Aghaji : Rieu i 144a (A.H. 870/1465).’ (40) Qissah i Sulaimdn b, Da^ud (Dar bay an i qissah i hadrat i Sulaimdn 6. Dd'ud), Edition: [Persia,] 1273/1857®. (41) Qissah i Yusuf y by Sadr al-Sharfah : Browne Hand- list 860. (42) Tadhkirat al - arihiyd\ by Ghulam-Muhammad : Lindesiana p. 145 no. 329 (a.h. 1229/1814). (43) Tafstr i tadhMratal-anhiydi wa-humaniy lives of the Prophets from Adam to Muhammad dedicated to Khwajah Hasan and divided into a dlbdchah^ two maqsads and a Ididtirmh (beginning Bahhi ^dirah U sadri) : Eth6 599 (a.h. 1013/1604-5). (44) Tdltf i Muhammadiy by M. 'Ali Elian Ansari : see p. 202 infra, (45) Tdrtkh i Iskandar {Tar jamah i TdrlM i Iskandar), translation of an English history of Alexander the Great by James Campbell. Edition: [Tihran,] 1262/1846® (appended to the Tdrikh i Pitar, i.e. a translation of Voltaire’s Histoire de V Empire de Russie sous Pierrele-Grand), (46) Tdrikh i Iskandar i Dhu T-Qamain : R*A*S. P. 333. 172 II. HISTOEY, BIOaBAPHY, ETC. Sulaimdniy an anonymous accoiint of Solomon, Bilgfs and David : Rampiir (see Fa&ir Alimad 59. A.H. 1260/1844. 18 Pictures). (48) Yusuf M Zulaikhd, For metrical versions of the story of Joseph and ZulaiHia see the section relating to Poetry. (49) Kitah i Yusuftyah^ th.e story of Joseph in 16 niajdlis interwoven with an account of the martyrdom of al-HusainJ by M. Hadi Na’Im. Edition : [Persia 1870 (50) Zuhdat al-fasantf^ on Muhammadan rites, lives of the Prophets, of 'Ah and others, on moral conduct etc., by Haidar b. M. Ehwansarl. Edition : [Tihran,] 1278/1862^. {h) Untitled works (1) Mystical tract on the prophet Jesus: Bodleian 1270 (3) (A.H. 886/1481). {b) MUHAMMAD 212. M. Ibn Ishaq ahMuttalibi lived for a time at al-Madinah, probably his birthplace, but he left it for Egypt and ultimately went to al-'Iraq, where he met the Galiph al-Mansur and at his invitation settled in Ba^dM. He died there in or about the year 150/767. [See Brockelmann i IM.Ency. I si, ii 389-90 etc.] His life of the Prophet, if extant at all in its original form, is exceedingly rare,^ but an abridgment, the Sirat Basul AlldJi, made by 'Abd ahMalik Ibn Hi^am (b. at al-Basrah, d. at al- Fustat A.H. 218/834, see Brockelmann i 135, Ency, Isl, ii 387 etc.), is well known, having been published at Gottingen in 1858-60°* (ed. F. Wiistenfeld), at Bulaq in 1295/1878 and at Cairo in 1324/1906 (on the margin of Ibn Qaiyim al-JauzIyah’s Zdd ah ma'Td), in 1329-32/1911-13 (in 3 small volumes) and in 1332/ 1914 (on the margin of al-Suhaili’s commentary ahRaiid ahunuf), ^ For a small fragment of a work in prose and verse on the martyrdom of al-Hiisain, by M. Had! b. Abi T-Hasan al-^iarif al-Na’inu see Rieu i 156a. * It was recently reported that a copy existed at Fez. B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, ETC. : MUHAMMAD 173 A German translation by G. Weil was published at Stuttgart in 1864. Abridged Persian translation (presumably of Ibn Hishani’s recension) : Tarjamah i Siyar al-Nabt begun in 612/1215 (according to the Bodleian copy) or 620/1223 (according to the I.O. copy) at the request of the Atabak Sa'd b. Zangi (for whom see Ency. IsL iv 31 etc.) by an anonymous translator who read the book in Eg}q)t and began to translate it at Abarquh after his return to Persia : Aya Sufiyah 3255 = Tauer 165 (a.h. 648/ 1250), 3257 = Tauer 167 '(a.h. 864/1460), 3256 = Tauer 168 (A.H. 887/1482), Rawan Koshku - Tauer 166 (a.h. 723/1323), 1527 = Tauer 171, Fatih 4406a = Tauer 169 (9th/15th cent.), Bodleian 127 (defective, a.h. 936/1529), Ethd 135 (apparently somewhat defective, a.h. 1030/1621), Blochet i 372 (a.h. 1073/ 1662), KhMs Efendi 3265 =- Tauer 170 (a.h. 1083/1672), Leningrad Pub. Lib. (see Melanges asiatiques iii (St. Petersburg 1859), p. 731). 213. M. b. 'Umar al-Waqidi, who was born at al-Madinah in 130/747-8 and who died in Dh ii T-Hijjah 207 /823, nearly four years after his appointment as Qddl of 'Askar al-Mahdi in al- Rusafah by al-Ma’mun, wrote a kitdb al-maghdz%, which has been preserved, and numerous other works {Futuh ahSha^m, Futuh aVIrdq, Maqtal al-Husain etc.), which are now lost (see Brockelmann i 136-6 and Ency, IsL under al-Waqidi). Ostensibly by al-Waqidi but in reality the compositions of a later date are some historical romances, Futuh aVSha'm, Futuh al-Irdq, Futuh Misf etc., which exist in manuscript and several of which have been printed (see Brockelmann i 135-6, Ency, IsL under al-Wakid!, etc.). Kitdb ahMaghdzt : Rieu Arabic Suppt, 602 (the only known complete copy. ~a.h. 564/1169), Cureton-Rieu p. 419 (first half of the work). Edition (of the first third of the work) : History of Muhammad's campaigns, by . ahWdhidy, Edited by A. von Kremer [from a MS. discovered by him at Damascus in 1851], Calcutta {Bibliotheca Indica), 174 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Condensed German translation: MuTiarntned in Medina. Das ist Vakidi’s Kitab al Maghazi in verMrzter deutscher Wieder- gabe herausgegeben von J. Wellhausen, Berlin 1882^1 Persian translation of a portion by Maulawi M. ‘Abd al- Hamid A''zamgarbi ^ : Tarjamah i Tdnlch i Wdgidl ^ {fdmh). Edition : place ? 1891 (see Asafiyab i p. 232 no. 867). 214. M. Ibn Sa*d al-Znkri, a client of tbe Banu HaAim, was one of tbe pupils of al-Waqidi (see p. 173 supra) and is often called Katib al-WaqidL He died at Baghdad in 230/845. His great work tbe Kitab wHcb contains the lives of tbe Prophet, bis Companions and tbeir successors, was published at Leyden in 1904-28 by E. Sacbau in collaboration with G, Brockelmann, J. Horovitz, J. Lippert, B. Meissner, E. Mittwoch, F. Scbwally and K. V. Zettersteen (see Brockelmann i 136-7, /sL under Ibn Sa'd). Tarjamah i fdrisl i pardl az Tabaqdt i Muhammad ihn i Sa^dy an extract (106 pp.) relating to Muhammad’s political activities translated by M. ‘Abd al-Hamid, Edition: Agrah 189r. 215. M. b. Hsa b. Saurah al-Tixmidhi is celebrated as the author of one of the six canonical collections of traditions {al- Jdmi" or al-Sahih or al-Sumn). He is said to have died at Tirmi* in 279/892-3 (or 275/888-9 or 270/883-4). Shamdil al-Nabl^ a collection of traditions concerning the person and character of the Prophet : H.Kh. ii p. 548, Brockelmann i 162 (q.v. for editions and commentaries), Ellis ii 197-8, Ency, Isl. iv 796. Persian commentaries : (1) ShamdHl i Nabawty by M. Muslih al-Din Lari (d. 979/1671-2, see p. 116 supra) : H.^. iv p. 70. Editions : Lahore [1879*], 1309/1892"*. ^ For a translation of a part of Ibn Sard’s Tabaqdt by the same maulawi see § 214 infra. - That this is a translation of a part of the Kitdh ahllaghazi (presumably trom the Bibliotheca Indka text) seems probable. B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, ETC. : MTT HAMMAt^ I 75 (2) Tar jamah i Shama'il al-Nahl, completed at tke ^anaqali of S. ‘All al-Hamadani a.h. 988/1580 by a certain Hajjl, i.e. apparently Hajji M. Ka^nuri (d. 1006/1597, see Eahman ‘Ali 46), who was a pupil of Ibn Hajar al-Haitami (for whom see Brock, ii 387 etc., E'>wy. I si. ii 380): Buhar 169 (16th cent.), BanMpur xiv 1191. (3) of unknown authorship: BanMpur xiv 1192 (a.h. 1272/ 1856-6). (4) by?: Peshawar 439(5 (?). (6) by ? : LO. D.P. 60 (BHg. 12). 216. Abu Sa‘d (or Sa‘id) ‘Abd al-Malik b. Abi ‘U^man M. al-Khargushid a celebrated devotee (zdhii) and preacher {wa‘iz), died at JSTi^apur in 406/1015-16 or in Jumada i 407/1016. He was the author of several Arabic works, including (1) TaMf^ al-asrdr, on Sufism, Ahlwardt iii 2819, (2) al-BisMrah wa-’l- nidMrah fi ta‘hlr al-ru’yd, Leyden 1213, Cairo vi 118, and (3) (Sharaf al-Nabt) or {DaWilal-nuhuwwdK), or (Shamf al-nubuwwali) or (Shamf al-Mustafd), a classified collection of traditions relating to the Prophet : H.Kh. iv 7556, Rieu Arabic Suppt. 509 (11th cent. a.d.), Ahlwardt ix 9571 (an abridgment 1. A.H. 447/1055). Persian translation by Mahmud b. M. b. ‘Ali al-Rawandi ® : ^ Kharguah is said to be the name of a street in Niiiapur. 2 According to the As‘ad Efendi catalogue the translator was Shaili Mahmud b. M. b. ‘Ali al-Rawandi, i.e. presumably Zain al-Dm Mahmud b. M. b- ‘Ali al- Rawandi, a calligraphist and poet, who was the maternal uncle of Najm al-Din Abu Bakr M. b. ‘Ali b. Sulaiman al-Rawandi, the author of the history of the Saljuqs entitled Bd^t a work begun in 599/1202. On the other hand Blochet, following apparently a title-page inscription or a colophon or the like, calls the translator (imam i *dUm i rahhdm i hdri'‘ i ndsih i mutawarri^) Najm al-Din Mahmud not Muhammad] b. ‘Ali al-Rawandi and identifies him with the author of the jRdh(tt al-sudur (whose name does not seem to be open to doubt since he mentions it repeatedly in the RdTibat aUsudur). The Bayazid catalogue says nothing about the translator. In 577/1181 Zain al-Bin Mahmud al-Rawandi was employed by the Sultan Tu^ril as his instructor in calligraphy and in 585/1189 he was sent from al-‘Iraq to Mazandaran as an envoy to the king of that country (see the Bd'hat al-mdur^ ed. M. Iqbal, G.M.S. 1921, pp. xvi-xvii). 176 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. As*ad 2222 (a.h. 599/1202-3. See Tauer 287, note 3), Elochet i 371 (a.h. 608/1211-12), Bayazid 888 {a.h. 755/1354. See Tauer 287, note 3). [Subki iii 282-3 ; Rieu Arabic Suppt. 509 ; Brockelmann i 200, 521 (where the reference to the Cairo catalogue seems to be incorrect).] 217. al-Qadi *Iyad b. Musa al-Yahsubi al-Sabti al-Maliki was born in 476/1083 at Ceuta, of which town he eventually became qadi. He died at Marraloi^ in 544/1149. Of the score of “works written by him al-^ifd’ hi4a'nf huquq al-Mustafd became widely celebrated (see Brockelmann i 369, Ency. Isl. under lyad). ahShifd^ hi-ta^rlf huquq al-Mustafd^^ m Arabic work on the merits of the Prophet and the duties of Muhammadans towards him : for MSS. see Brockelmann i 369. Editions: [Cairo,] 1276/1859^ etc. Persian translations: (1) by ? : LO. B.P. 42 (?) (Bilg. 695) <A.H. 1158/1745), (2) by Abu Bakr b. M. Bharuchi : A§afiyali i p. 682 no. 487 (1st half only). 218. Ra^ al-Din Abu Nasr al-Hasan b, al-FacJl al-Taharsi is much less celebrated than his father, Amin al-Dm al-Fadl b. al-Hasan al-Tabarsi (d. 548/1154), the author of the well-known Arabic ite commentaries on the Qur'an entitled Majma' ah bmjdn completed in 536/1142 Catalogue of the Arabic MSS, in the Library of the India Office, vol. ii no. 1102, Ahlwardt 802, Loth 61-3, Cureton-Rieu 1473 etc.) and Jawdmi' ahjdmi' written in 542-3/1147-8 (see Catalogue of the Arabic MSS, in the , . . India Office, vol. ii no. 1104, Loth 64 etc.). The date of his death does not seem to be recorded. Makdrim ahdkhldqf an Arabic work on the practice of the Prophet and the Imams as an example for Muslims {De imitatione Muhammadis), Editions: Bulaa 1300/1883^ Cairo 1303/1886°, 1311/1893°. ^ There is some disagreement among ShPite scholars concerning the particular Tabarsi who wrote this work. B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, ETC. : MUHAMMAD 177 Persian translations : (1) Makarim al-kara’im, ^j b. al-Hasan al-Zawarl (see pp. 14-15 supra), -nho flouxisbed under aah Tabmasp I (a.h. 930/1524-984/1576) : I.H. 574 and 3088 : 1.0. D.P. 744 (?) (Bilg. 595) (19tb cent.). (2) Mahdsin al-dddh, by Nasir al-Din M. b. ‘Abd al-KarIm al-Ansari al-Astarabadl, ■written also in Shab Tabmasp’s reign not earlier than 941/1534-5 : Rieu i 156 (16tb cent.). ( 3 ) Tar jamah i Makarim ahakhldq^ by an unknown author, completed in 1064/1654 : I.H. 675, Bankipur xiv 1218, Calcutta Mai:asah p. 64 no. 112, (4) Tar jamah i Makarim ahakhlaq^ completed in 1065/1655 by "All b. Taifur al-Bistami : Ivanow Curjson 751 (a.h. 1076/ 1665), BanMpur xiv 1220 (19th cent.). [Rauddt aljanndt 219. The traditionist Abu T-Karam ‘Abd al-Salam b. M. b. [Abi] bHasan "All al-Hijji al-Krdausi al-Andarasfani ^ does not seem to be mentioned in the biographical dictionaries, but his Mustaqsd was probably written in the latter half of the 6th/12th century, since his immediate predecessor in isndd prefixed to it is said to have received a tradition at Jurjanlyah (Gurganj) in 536/1141-2. "Abd abSalam had spent a whole life in collecting all the genuine traditions from the best authorities and his Mustaqsd was written at the request of the Saiyid i qwrrd i alil i Islam Abu 1-Qasim Mahmud b, lilimad. It was translated into Persian by Kamal al-Din Husain b. al-Hasan al-Khuwarazmi al-Kubrawi, who died in 839/1435-6 (according to the Majdlis al-hi shshd q). He was a disciple of the great saint Khwajah Abu T-Wafa’ (who died at Khwarazm in 835/1431-2, see Nafalidt ahuns, Haft iqlm no. 1411), and he wrote a coniinentary on the Ma&nawi and a commentary on the BurdaJi of al-Bilsirl in the Khwarazm dialect of TurkL [Habib al-siyar ii 3, 144 ; Haft iqltm no. 1412.] aTMustaqsd [ft shark al-Mujtald ?] ^ : an Arabic history ^ This is perhaps a corruption of al-Andarastanl. Anclarastan is given as the name of a village one day’s journey from Gurganj. ® The Persian translator in his preface calls the Arabic original Mustdqsa dat sharli i Mujtala. “ The Mujt*ala, a previous work of the same author, contained nearly the same matter in a more condensed form ” (Rieu). 178 II. HISTOEY, BIOaBAPHY, ETC. of the Prophet and the first five Caliphs based mainly on the Saljlhs of Muslim and al-Bulian and the Muwatta" of Malik : V p. 375. hTo MSS. recorded. Persian translation : aUMoqsad ahaqsd ^ ft tarjamat ah Mlistaqsd enlarged by an account of the Imams to ' Ali al-Rida and other historical information and written after the death of Amir Shah-Malilv, Governor of Khwarazm, in 829/1425-6 and before the expulsion of his son Amir Ibrahim from Khwarazm by the Uzbaks in 834/1430-1, the former being referred to in the work as dead and the latter being spoken of as Governor of lawarazm : H.Kh. vi p. 90, Salim Agha 849-50 = Tauer 181-2 (a.h. 894/1489), Rieu i 144 (16th cent.), Asafiyah i p. 482 no. 60 (a.h. 1152/1739-40), Upsala Zettersteen 405. 220. Muhammad b. *Abd Allah b. ^Umar. Sirat ahNahh a short biography abridged from a larger work and divided into 8 (7) hobs : Salim A^a 808 = Tauer 172 (A.H. 694/1295). 221. Abu I'Fath M. b, A. b. Abi Bakr al-Kartani (?) was for some time at the court of PadMiah Khatun (a.h, 693/1294- 694/1295) at Kirman and then went to Puman, where he wi'ote his life of the Prophet for Abu T-Nasr Dibaj b. FihShah, the ruler of Gilan. Zuldl ahsafd ft ahwdl ahMustqfd: Fatih 4376 = Tauer 173 (circ. a.h. 700/1300-1). 222. Abu T“Fath Fath al-Din M. b. M. al-Ya'mari al-Andalusi al-^M'i called Ibn Saiyid al-Nas was born at Cairo in 661/1263 or 671/1273, became Professor of Hadi^ in the Zahiriyah Madrasah and died in Sha'ban 734/1334. ^IJyun ahathar ft funun aUma^dzi wa-hshamdHl wa-hsiyav^ a detailed Arabic biography of the Prophet : for MSS. see Brockelmann ii 71 (add LO. 4105). ^ Hajji Kballfah has confounded this work with ‘Aziz b. M. al-Yasafi’s Maqsad i aqsd, a compendium of Sufism, for which see Berlin p. 1053, Biocliet i, 99, i 150 (8), Bodleian 1250, 1298, Browne Suppt. 1235, 1595, Gotha 6 (11), Hamburg 149 ii, Ivanow 1179 (2), 1180, Leyden v p. 42, nos. 2305-7, Eieu ii 834 etc. , :B.. THE^' prophets, early ISLAM, etc. : muhammal, 179 „ Arabic abridgment by tbe antbor Mmself : Nur al-uyun: for MSS. see Brockelmann, foe. dt, Persian translation of tbe abridgment : SuTUT olrtnaMziM by Wall Allab Diblawi (d. 1176/1762-3, see pp. 20-22 supra^.- , Editions; [Calcutta,] 1249/1833-4*, [Delhi ?]Mubammad! Press, 1257/1841*, Cawnpore 1851* (see Rieu iii 1068a), Lahore [Broebebnann ii 71, Ency. IsL under Ibn Saiyid abNas.] 223. Said [al-Din M.] ^ h. Mas'M b. M. al-Kazartm, a descendant of Abu *Ali al-Daqqaq, died according to cd-Diirar al-haminah in Jumada ii 758/May-June 1357. He was tbe author of (1) an Arabic commentary on the MaAmiq al-amvdr of al-Sa^ani entitled according to H.Kb. al-Matdld al-3Iusta- fawlyaJi, (2) a work entitled Shifff al-mdur^ (3) al-Musal- salat, a collection of traditions completed in 742/1341 (Cairo Arabic Cat. vii 456), and (4) An Airabic life of Muhammad, ■which H.Kb. calls al- Muntaqd f% siyar mauUd al-Nabl al-Mustafd but 'which the B.M. Catalogue and the Persian translator call Maulud al-NaM (or Maulud al-Mustafd), divided into four qisms and a Mdtmiah and written between a.h. 732/1331 (the date of an incident in the author’s life mentioned by the translator, see Bankipur Cat. vi p. 85) and 758/1357, the date of the author’s death : vi p. 167,^ Cureton-Rieu p. 423 no. 920, BanMpur Arab. Cat. XV no. 1010, Yehi 857. Persian translations : (1) completed at Shiraz a.h. 760/1358 by the author’s son ^Afif b. Said al-Eazariini ® : ^ The author’s son ‘Afif [ai-Dln] in the colophon to his Persian translation of his father’s life of Muhammad calls his father SaTd b. Mas‘ud. This is not, of course, inconsistent with Sa‘id al-Din M. b. Mas'ud, a form in which the name occurs elsewhere. The Berlin Catalogue gives the name as Sa‘id b. M. b . MasTid, - H.Kh.’s statements concerning the author and his works are not free from confusion (see ‘Abdul Muqtadir’s remarks in the Bankipur Catalogue vi pp. 83-4). ^ H.Kh. ascribes to ‘Afif b. Sa‘id three other works, Arba'tn i Kazamni, SharJ}, i Bu^an completed at Shiraz in Rabi* i 766/1364 and Sh ifd^ al-sudur. As ‘Abdul Muqtadir points out, however, the last is stated in the introduction to the Tarjamah i Maulud i Mustafa to be a work of Sa‘id b. Mas'ud’s. 180 II. HISTORY, BIOGRATHY, ETC. Tarjamah i Maulud i Mustafa (or al-Nabt), sometimes called 8iyar i oi Siyar % Kazamm : Biyazid 883 === Tauer 174 (a.h. 793/1391. Bad MS.), Nik i 'IJthmaiiiyali 3342 === Tauer 175 (a.h. 833/1430), BanMpik vi 484 (a.h. 841/1437), AfaSyah ii p. 882 no. 135 (a.h. 860/1455-6), ME IsmS‘E 328 -Tauer 176 (a.h. 876/1472), Fatik 4405& >= Tauer 177 (a.h. 885/1480), Browne Coll. J. 5 (10) —= Houtum-SeHndler 34 (a.h. 896/1491 (?)),^ Ivanow 49 (a.h. 989/1581-2, said to be copied from an autograpi.), Bfihar 17 (a.h. 1173/1760), Hamburg 220 (fairly old), Berlin 543 (old), 644, EtM 165, LO. D.P. 727, Rieu iii 1026a (table of contents only). (2) Nihdyat al-mas^ul ft dirdyat ahRasuly a translation made by "'Abd al-Salam b. ‘Ali b. al~Husain al-AbarquM for a certain x4bu ’1-A^raf Muhammad described sls Nazim i imur i jnmhuT al-Mu'minm : Shahid *AH Pasha 1962 = Tauer 179 {A.H. 780/1378-9), Aya SMyah 3510 - Tauer 178 (a.h. 905/ 1499). {al'Diirar al-kdmmah iv pp. 255-6 ; Brockelmann ii 195 ; Bankipur vi 484 (where the problems relating to the author and IH.IQi.’s confusions are discussed),] 224. Majd al-Din M. b. Ya'qub al-Eiruzabadi, celebrated as the author of the xArabic dictionary entitled al-Qdmus, was born in 729/1329 at Kazarun, near Shiraz, and died in 817/1414 at Zabid (for further information see Brockelmann ii 181-3 and Ency, I si, under al-Firiizabadi). Sufar ahsdadahy or al-Sirdt al-mustaqiniy traditions relating to the practice of the Prophet especially in regard to religious observances, divided into five unnumbered chapters ((1) ablutions {imdiC), prayer {namaz and acViyah), fasting (siydm) etc., (2) Friday and the Friday service, (3) the pilgrimage, (4) the glorification of God (a^kdr), (5) the ProphePs general ^ In the Catalogue of the Browne Collection the translator's name is given as Uwais b. FaMir al-Din b. IJasan b. Isma'ii Muminabadi, but the opening words agree with those of *AfTf b. Sa*id*s translation. B. THE PEOPHBTS, EASLY ISLAM, ETC. : MUHAMMAD 181 manner of life {dar ‘mium i dhwdl u ma'dsh i hadrat i nubuwwat) '^) preceded by a fdtihah and followed by a Mdtimah : H.Kb. iii 7174, Grotha 33 (a.h. 884/1480), Blocfaet i 89 (defective, a.h. 906/ 1500), Flugel iii 1963 (1) (extract dar fadtht i hajj u ‘umrah only. A.H. 949/1542-3), Peshawar 371 (a.h. 1098/1686-7), BanMpur xiv 1185 (A.H. 1103/1691-2). Editions: ‘‘ Sir at i nmstaqlm al-ma‘r’uf Sifr al-sa‘adaJi” Lahore 1286/1869* 1293/1876* 1294/1877*. Arabic translation made in 804/1401-2 by Abu 1-Jnd M. b. Mahmud Maldizuml Hanafi Misri ® : Safar al~sa‘dd<iTi, Pagnan 1681 (A.H. 867/1462-3), Cairo Arab. Cat. i (a.h. 1310), p. 348 (a.h. 1097/1686). Edition of the Arabic translation : [Cairo 1880 ? °j[ (with Wali Allah Dihlawi’s al-Fauz al-Tcabir (see p. 22 supra) on the margin). Persian commentary completed a.h. 1016/1607 by ‘Abd al- Haqq Dihlawi (for whom see p. 194): al-Tarig al-qawlm ft sjtarh al-Sirdt al-musta(flm ® or Shark Sufar al-sa‘ddah : BanMpur xiv 1186 (a.h. 1033/1624, autograph), I.O. D.P. 56 (corrected by the author himself), Ethd 2666 (a.h. 1016/1607. Full Analysis), 2657 (n.d.), Asafiyah ii p. 878 nos. 28 (n.d.), 29 (a.h. 1086/1675-6), p. 1608 no. 181, Ivanow 1002 (a.h. 1087/ 1676-7), 1003 (an abridgment ?), Bien i 15a (17th cent.), Calcutta Madrasah p. 63 no. 110 (a.h. 1194/1780), Madras, Peshawar 319, Editions of ‘Abd al-Haqq’s commentary: Calcutta 1252/ 1836*, [Lucknow] 1875*, [Lucknow] 1885°, Lucknow 1903*. 225. Abu d-Hasan M. b. al-Husain^ b. al-Hasan al-Baihaqi al-Naisaburi usually called Qutb al-Din al-Eaidari,^ a scholar ^ According to Fagnan tlie Arabic translation is divided into the following babs: (1) aUaharah, (2) ahsaldfj (3) ahdydm, (4) al-hajj, (5) al-aMar, (6) al- aaldm wa-'l-dddb, 2 This information concerning the identity and date of the translator comes from a note on fol. la of the Algiers manuscript. ^ This is the title by ’which ‘Abd al-Haqq designates the commentaiy in his own list of his works (see Rieu iii 10776), ^ He is sometimes called M. b. al-Hasan. ^ al-Kaidari is the form of his niabah which, rightly or wrongly, prevailed among Shi‘ite scholars, Kaidar being, it is alleged, a village in the district of Baihaq, but some autborities call him al-Kunduii. 182 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. and poet, belongs apparently to tbe 6tli/12tli century.^ According to the Raudat al-janmt (p. 604), tbe year 773/1371-2 is mentioned in Ms commentary on tbe Nahj al-baldghah m tbat in wMcb lie received ^ riwayah from 'Abd Allah b. Hamzab al~ Tusi at Sabzawar (of Baibaq), but 573/1177-8 should doubtless be read. He was the author of several works including (1) al'IsbdJi^^ a work on Shi'ite law, (2) HadSiq al-haqd'iq ^ flfctsr daqffiq alisan al-MaldHq^ a commentary on the Nahj al- balaghah, and (3) Mabdhij al-7nuhaj f I mmahij al-hijaj,^ all of which were presmnably in Arabic. A Persian abridgment of the third of these works was prepared under the title Balijat al- mahdlnj by Abu Sa*id ^ Hasan b. Husain Shf i Sabzawari (an author of the 9th/15tli century), who wTote (1) Masdbili ah qidub, a paraenetic work in Persian (LH. 2948), (2) Rdhat aharwdh wa-mu^nis aNaMdh^ anecdotes of the Prophet and his family dedicated to the Sultan Nizam al-Dln Yahya b. al-Sahib al-A^zam Shams al-Din [of the 4th Saffarid dynasty, reigned a.h. 842/1438-9 — 885/1480-1. See Zambaur Manuel de genealogie etc, p. 200], Ivanow 1110 (defective. 18th cent.), (3) a translation of aUrbili’s Kashf ahcjhummah (see p, 210). Bahjat ahmahdhij^ on the merits and miracles of the Prophet and his descendants, being an abridgment (with additions) of the aforementioned Mabdhij ahmuhaj : I.H. 406, Buhar 34 (16th cent.), LO. D.P. 578^^, 6786, Browne Suppt. 202 (a.h. 1199/ 1784-5. King\s 58). Metrical version : Bahjat ahmahdhij or Kitab i mujizdt (a chronogram = 953/1546-7), by M. Taqi al-Din ''Hairati'’® ^ According to an authority quoted in the BaudM al-jcumM a contemporary note at the end of a copy of his commentary on the Nahj al-baldghah stated that it was completed in Sha‘ban 576/1181. - According to I.H. 222 al-lsbdh is the title of his commentary on the Nahj al-haldghah, ® HaduHq al-'haqd'iq fl kaliTmt kaldm Allah al-mtiq is given in I.H. 998 as the title of a commentary on the Nahj al-haldghah by ‘Ala’ al-Din Gulistanah. ^ I.H. 3141 gives the title as MamMj aUmanhaj. Other variations occur, ® Or Abu U-Fadl Kamal al-Din aco. to fol. la of the Buhar MS. ® “ Hairati ” will reappear in the section Poetry. ;B. ; THE: PBOPEETS, EABLY ISLAM, ETC." : MHHMIMAE 183 Tiini written by order of Shab Tabmasp : Rieu Snppt. 303 (slightly defective, a.h. 965/1568), BanMpir ii 235 (a.h. 1055/ 1646), 236 (A.H. 1075/1665), Glasgow {JRAS. 1906 p. 601 no. 27), Rehatsek p. 129 no. 13 (?). [Rauddt al-janndt no (Hasan Sabzawari), 604 (al-Kaidari).] 226. Apparently unknown is the authorship of al-Dhirwat al-ulyd ft strat al-Mustafd^ an Arabic work, of which no copies seem to be recorded. Persian translation made by Baba’ ahDin Kazariini^ for the Amir i kabir Nasir i ju 3 m^ al-Muslimin . . . hAIa’ al-Daulah [wa-]’l-Din Pir ^Ali : Lala Isma^il 330 = Tauer 180 (a.h. 818/ 1415), AsaHyah ii p. 878 no, 44. 227. 'Abd al-'Aziz called {mulaqqah) Muhyi al-Hisari wrote in 821/1418 his Siyar ahNaht^ in twelve majdUs, the last of which contains an account of Muhammad's death and a short histor}^ of the first four Caliphs : Nur i ‘Uttpnamyah 3346 == Tauer 183 (A.H. 844/1441). 228. S. Muhammad h, S. Nasir al-Din JaTar Hiisaini MakM is said to have been a pupil and khallfah of the celebrated saint Nasir ai-Din Mahmud Ohiragh i Dihli (d. 757/1356), to have lived from the time of Sultan Muhammad Tu^luq (reigned 725/1325-752/1351) to that of Sultan Buhlul (reigned a.h. 854/ 1450-894/1489) and to have reached an age of more than 100 years. Among his works are mentioned (1) Bahr aV7na'dn\ Sufic letters to Malik Mahmud (Shaikhan) written a.h. 824/1421- 825/1422 (see Asafiyah i p. 404 nos. 789, 886, Ethe 1867-8), (2) Risdldh dar baydn i ruh^ and (3) Panj nikdt. According to the KJumnat al-asfiyd' he died in 891 /1486 and was buried at Sirhind. ^ So Tauer. The A§aflyah catalogue calls the author (translator) Baha’ al- Bin Kazaram [5zc] and the work Siyar aUMustafa tarjarmh i DM rwat al-'ulya. The Lala Isma‘ii catalogue (probably through a misuse of H.Kh.) calls the author Zahir ai-Bin ‘All ai-Kazaruni and gives the date of his death as 694 [cf. H.Kh. Hi p. 635, where Zahir al-Bin ‘All b. M. al-Kazaruni is mentioned as the author of a life of Muhammad (title not stated)]. 184 II, HISTOBY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. Bahr al’-ansdhj a Mstorical and genealogical work on the Prophet and Ms ancestors, the first six Caliphs and the Imams, being (according to the Edinburgh catalogue) a translation of an Arabic work by the translator's father: Edinbiirgh 407 (a.h. 1011/1602-3), Browne Suppt. 153 (Corpus 205 (1))- [SawdfV al-amvdr (Ethe col 332) ; Khazvnat aUtsfiyS i 402.] 229. Amir Saiyid Asil al-Din Abu l-MafaMiir 'Abd Allah b. Abd al'Rahinan al-Husaini al-Daiitaki ahShirazi ahShafi'i was summoned from Shiraz to Harat by Sultan Abu Sa'id and used to deliver sermons every week in the mosque of Gauhar Shad A^a. In the month of Rabf i he used to read his Mllud i Nabl fi.e, apparently aJ-3Iujtabd] to large and attentive audiences. He died in 883/1478. A Risdhh i niazardt i Shjrdz is mentioned as a work of his by Khwand-Amir, and he is apparently also the author of a similar work relating to the distinguished persons buried at Harat and entitled Maqsad al4qbdl al-Sulfdmyah wa-marsad ah a^mdl ahKhdqdmyaJi (see As‘ad 2428 and Melanges asiatiques iv (St. Petersburg 1860-3), p. 54). For his nephew, Jamal al- Husaini, see p. 189. ahMujtabdfi sirat al-MusJafdy a large history of Muham- mad in 28 majdlis (see Bankipur vi p. 93) : no copies recorded. Abridgments by the author himself : ( 1 ) al-Mujtand min kitdh ahMujtahdfi strut al-Mustafd completed in 830/1427 at Kirman for the wazvr Jamal al-Din Ibrahim, known as (ah^naMur bi) Abu Kalijar and divided into a muqoMwnah, three ash and a Mdtimah: Shahid *Ali Pasha 1897 = Tauer 184 (llth/17th cent.). ( 2 ) Durj ahdurar wa-darj al-ghurar ft hay an milad Saiyid ahbashar^ completed in (or after) 858/1454 and divided into twelve majdlis : H.Kb. iii p. 222, Aya SMyah 3195 == Tauer 185 (a.h. 886/1481), 3196 == Tauer 186 (llth/17th cent.), Aumer 270 (Majlis vii-xiionly, i.e. a.h. 3-11. a.h, 1060/1650), BanMpur vi 485 (18th cent.), A§aSyah ii p. 876 no. 119. [Habib ahsiyar hi 3, 335; Haft iqllm no. 208; Majdlis al- mu'mimn 226-7 ; Rieu i 147a ; Bankipur vi 485.] ' By TUB prophets, eakly - islam,\ etc :; muhammab 185 : 230. Salam' Allah b. *AH- al-Bakn composed in aHraq A. H. 863/1458--9 ahTuhfat al-Saldmtyahfi ^l-jawdhir ahlsldmtyah based on the Ta‘nf aZ-'^ar^] of M. b. BI. Ibn al-Jazari ^ and other works and divided into twelve Mbs : Rawan Ko^kii 1526 = Taiier 187 (a.h. 894/1489). 231. A quotation or quotations from Jami (d. 898/1492) and the date of Ethe 137 (a.h. 871/1466-7) show that the fifteenth century is the period to which we must assign— Siyar al-Nahi^ a detailed life of Muhammad in 45 fash and a Mdtimah : Eth6 136 (Fasls 1-30, defective at beginning. N.d.), 137 (Fasls 32-45 and Mdtimah a.h. 871/1466-7), Bankipnr vi 489 (opens in fifth /ns?. 16th cent.). 232. Jamal al-Din Ahmad Ardistani usually called Pir Jamal or, as a poet, “ Jamali,” an eminent Sufi, the eponjnn of an order of dervishes (the Pir- J amaliyah), and the author of numerous works, mainly poetical, died a.h. 879/1474-5. A copy of his KulUydt, preserved in the India Office, has been described by R. A. Nicholson in the Volume of Oriental sttdies f resented to E. G, Browne, Cambridge 1922, pp. 364-70. Eor other collections of his poems see Bodleian 1274, Browne Coll, v 38, Buhar 357, and Ivanow 648 = Sprenger 296. Baydn i haqd^iq i ahwdl i Saiyid al-Mursalln (or aF Mustafd)^ a large maAnawl with many interspersed prose passages on the life of Muhammad as the perfect model for mystics, divided into the seven parts (1) Misbdh aharwah com- pleted A.H. 868/1463-4, (2) Ahkdm aVmuMhhm, (3) Nihdyat al-hikmat, (4) Biddyat ahmahabbat, (6) Hiddyat ahma'rifat, (6) Fath al-abwdb, (7) Shark al-wdsilm completed a.h. 876/1471-2 : Blochet iii 1757 (early i6th cent.), 1768-9 (lacking Pt. 7. Mid 16th cent.), 1760 (Misbah aharwdh only. Early 16th cent.), 1 Died at Shiraz a.h. 833/1429. See Brockelmann ii 201-3, Bmy. Ish under Ibn al-Bjazari and Rieu’s 8uppU to the Cat, of the Arabic MSS. in the B. M, No. SlbTwhere a life of Muhammad by Ibn al-Jazar! is described. This may be the work in question, but Ibn al-Jazari wrote more than one work on the subject* 186 n. HISTOKY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. 1761 (Fath al-ahivab only. Circ. a.d. 1480), Ivanow 648 (Pts. (1) and (7) only, ilid 10tii/16tli cent.), 1.0. 3866, Browne Coll. Y 38 (A.E. 1235/1819). \Sulmf i Ibrahim (Berlin p. 633 no. 55 and p. 636 no. 41) ; Ma'sum ‘All ^ah Tard’iq al-haqd’iq, Tikran 1319/1901-2, ii, p. 159 ; Riydd al-drifin pp. 5^7 ; Nicliolson in the Bro^rae Volume, loc. cit.l 233. Ilajji Nor al-Din M. Kazaruni began in 885/1480-1 for Shah Ya'qub [of the Aq-quimnlu presumably] his Mauliid i hadrat i Rudlat-panah i Muhammadl, a large ma&nawl on the life of Muhammad in four qmns : HaMmo^lu ‘AU Pa^ 812 = Tauer 188 (10th/16th cent.), Huda’i Efen^ 97/1 = Tauer 189 (10th/16th cent.), Yildiz Ko^kii, Mtisusl 39 = Tauer 190 (12th/18th cent.). 234. The well-known poet, scholar and mystic Nur al-Din ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Ahmad JImi died at Harat in 898/1492. Shawahid al-mibuiowah li-taqmyat yaqin ahl al- futuwwahi evidences of Muhammad’s prophetsliip in his own life and in that of his companions and their successors, written A.H. 885/1480 and divided into a muqaddirmh, seven mhis and a Maiimali : H.^. iv p. 82, Aya Sofiyah 3279 = Tauer 191 (A.H. 888/1483), 3277 = Tauer 192 (a.h. 889/1484), 3283 (1) = Tauer 194 (a.h. 893/1488), 3282 = Tauer 196 (a.h. 897/ 1492), 3275 = Tauer 201 (circ. a.h. 900/1494-6), 3276 = Tauer 202 (circ. a.h. 900/1494-5), 4206 (1) = Tauer 205 (a.h. 906/ 1500-1), 3280 = Tauer 206 (a.h. 913/1507), 3278 = Tauer 208 (a.h. 937/1530), 3281 = Tauer 209 (a.h. 949/1543), 4207 (1) = Tauer 216 (10th/16th cent.), 4208 (5) = Tauer 217 (10th/16th cent.), 4209 (1) = Tauer 218 (10th/16th cent.), Yeni 991 (2) = Tauer 193 (a.h. 893/1488), HaMmo^lu ‘All Paiha 660 (1) = Tauer 195 (a.h. 896/1490-1), 725 (1) = Tauer 220 (10th/16th cent.). Nut i ‘Uthmaiuyah 4171 (1) = Tauer 197 (a.h. 898/ 1492-3), 4176CS (2) = Tauer 200 (a.h. 899/1494), 4179a (4) = Tauer 219 (10th/16th cent.), Patiii 4044 (1) = Tauer 198 (a.h. 898/1492-3), 4045 (1) = Tauer 199 (a.h. 898/1492-3), 4417 = Tauer 222 (llth/17thL cent.), ‘Umfiirdyah 3410 (1) = Tauer B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, ETC. ; MUHAAIMAD 187 203 (9th/15tli cent.), 3698 = Tauer 204 (9tli/15tli cent.), Leyden iv p. 299 no. 2112 (a.h. 902/1496-7), 2111 (a.h. 993/1585), v p. 273 (A.H. 918/1512-13. UtrecM 41), SaKm Agp 819 (1) = Tauer 207 (a.h. 921/1615), Dom p. 370 (circ. 930/1523-4 ?), Bodleian 894 (4) (a.h. 941/1534), 895 (2) (a.h. 963/1556), 967 (a.h. 951/1544), 968, Bloehet i 375 (a.h. 976/1568), 376 (17tli cent.), 377 (17tli cent.), Eth6 1357 (6) (a.h. 979/1571), 1374 (not later than a.h. 1031/1621-2), I.O. D.P. 36 (b), 679 (3 copies), Cairo p. 534 (a.h. 985/1577-8), p. 410 (a.h. 993/1585), BanMpur ii 181 (4) (a.h. 970/1562-3 (?)), 203 (16th cent.), Rieu i 146a (a.h. 1008/1600), Peshawar 1447 (a.h. 1018/1609-10), 835 b, Berlin 38 (3) (a.h. 1097/1685-6), 550, 551, 552 (defective), A§afiyah ii p. 878 no. 4, Aumer 271 (a.h. 1221/1806-7), Calcutta Madrasah 126 (a.h. 1231/1816), Browne Suppt. 819 (King’s 254), 820 (Corpus 240), Gotha 22 (fragment). Several other Constantinople MSS. are mentioned by Tauer. Editions : (place ?) 1279/1862-3 (see Asaflyah ii p. 878 no. 114), (place ?) 1288/1871-2 (see Asaflyah ii p. 878 no. 128), Luclmow 1876“*, 1882°. Turkish translation by Lami'i : Flugel hi 1686. 235. Mu'in al-Din Farahi died a.h. 907/1501-2 (see p. 11 supra). (1) Mddrij al-nuhuwwah ft maddrij al-futuwwah, a life of Muhammad divided into a muqaddimah, four ruhis and a hliaiimah and based on some detached discourses (majalis) which the author began to write in Rabi‘ i a.h. 891/1486: H.Kh. v p. 608 no. 12295, Aya Sufiyah 3442 = Tauer 228 (a.h. 898/1492), 3387 = Tauer 230 {Khdtimah only. A.H. 917/1512), 3444 = Tauer 232 (a.h. 953/1646-7), 3443 = Tauer 234 (a.h. 968/1560-1), 3258 = Tauer 243 (10th/ 16th cent.), Qarah Mu§tafa 403 = Tauer 229 (a.h. 904/1499), As'ad 2414 = Tauer 231 (a.h. 922/1516), Lala Isma‘n 373 = Tauer 233 (a.h. 968/1560-1), ^elehi ‘Abd Allah 266 = Tauer 236 (a.h. 968/1560-1), Damad Ibrahim 408 = Tauer 237 (A.H. 978/1570-1), 409 = Tauer 244 (10th/16th cent.), 410 = Tauer 245 (10th/16th cent.), Tarkhan Khachiah Sultdn 188 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 246 Tauer 238 (a.h. 981/1673),.. BanMpilr vi 486 (a.h. 1001/ 1592-3), 487-8 (a.h. 1067/1647), Rieu i 1505 (Ruhis iii-iv and KkdiimaJi. 16tli cent.), 149a~160a (17tli cent.), 1505 {Rtihm i-ii. 18th cent.), Ethe 138 (a.h. 1008-10/1599-1602), 139 (a.h. 1029/ 1620), 140 (slightly defectiye. a.h. 1025/1616), 141 (damaged and lacking Klidtiimli, a.h. 1022/1613), 142 (lacks Muqaddi- mih. 11th cent. H,), 143 (lacks Muqaddumh), 144 {Muqaddimah and Riihis i-ii. a.h. 1016/1606), LO. D.P. 716 (lacunae. Partly autograph (??), partly a.h. 1134/1722), Bodleian 128 (a.h. 1021/ 1612), 129, 130 (Riihi iv and Khdtmiah, a.h. 1162/1749), 1963 (very defective), A^afiyah ii p. 880 nos. 10 (a.h. 1087/1676-7), 2 (RuJcn iv. a.h. 1026/1617), 7 (Rukns iii-iv. a.h. 1100/1688-9), 38 (Rtikn i), 39 (Riikn ii), 40 (Ruhi iii. a.h. 1095/1684), Ivanow 50 (11th cent, a.h.), 51 (defective at end. a.h. 1033/1623-4), 52 {Muqaddimah only), Curzon 11 {Muqaddimah and Rukn i. i7th cent.), 1st Suppt. 819 {Ruhis iii-iv. llth/17th cent.), Amner 269 (a.h. 1043/1633-4), Peshawar 1403-4 (a.h. 1066/ 1655-6), 1405 {Rukni), Eton 12-13 (a.h. 1090/1679-80), Blochet i 383 (extends to beginning of Rukn iii. 17th cent.), 384 {Muqad- dimuh and Rukns i-ii. 17th cent.), 385 {Muqaddwmh and Rukns i-ii. 17th cent.), Decourdemanche S.P. 1864, Lindesiana p. 197 nos. 385-6 (a.h. 1118/1706-7), no. 454 (? Siyar al-Nabi by llu'in b. Mahmud ? Circ. A.n. 1660), Edinburgh 190 (before A.H. 1137/1724-5), Buhar 23 (a.h. 1282/1865-6), Browne Suppt. 1211 (King’s 76), Leningrad Mus Asiat. (2 defective copies. See Melanges asiatiques vii (1876) p. 400), Salemann-Rosen p. 19 nos. 300 (vols. iii-iv), 614*, 615, Upsala Zettersteen 404. Editions : Lucknow 1875'"*, Lahore 1292/1875*, Cawnpore 1882^ 1887t, [1895^, Bombay 1300/1883°, 1324/1906*. Turkish translation by M. b. M. called Altl-Parmaq (d. 1003/ 1623-4) : BaWil i nubuwwat iMuMmnmdl u ^md'il ifutmmat iAlmudl, Fliigel ii 1231 (a.h. 1093/1682), 1232 (a.h. 1032/1622), Dresden 386, Berlin (Cod, Petermann ii 125), Cairo Turk. Cat. p. 15 (3 copies), Karlsruhe 26 (defective), New York Columbia Univ. (see JAOS, 49 (1929) p. 232), Hamburg 267. Editions: Constantinople 1257/1841-2 (see Journal asiatique 1843, i 263), Bulaq 1271/1854-5. , , ; B. :\THE: FROPHETS, EARLY^ ISLAIM,: ETC. : MUHAMMAB. .189 (2) {Mi'mj-nam or (Qissah i Mi'rdj\ probably by Mu'in al-Din Farabi, since some of tbe many poetical quotations contain tbe taMialliis Mu'in i miskin : Ivanow 325 {17tb cent.). 236. Amir Jamal [al-Din] Allab b. FadI Allab al- Husaini al-Dasbtaki al-Shirazi was tbe nepbew and pupil of Amir Asil al-Din *^Abd Allab al-Hiisaini (for whom see p. l%i supra). He was, according to Kbwand-Amir, an outstanding divine of Sultan Husain’s time at Harat, where for some years he taught in the Madrasah i Sultaniyah and preached in the Masjid i jami\ Khwand-Amir speaks of him as living in retirement, wholly absorbed in devotions and good works. According to the Tahaqat i SMh-Jahdm he died in 926/1520.^ ( 1 ) Raudat ahahhdh ft siyar al-Naht wa-l-Al wa-h Ashdby lives of Muhammad, his family, companions etc. written at the request of Mir 'Ali Shir, completed a.h. 900/1494-5 and divided into three maqsads ((1) Muhammad, completed A.H. 888/1484, (2) Bab 1 {Bab 2 does not occur), the first three Caliphs,^ (3) 'Ali and the twelve Imams, with an alphabetical list of famous Companions etc.^) : H.Kh. hi p. 495, Mashhad hi p. 85 (apparently Maqsad i. Autograph (?)), Aya Suflyah 3209 = Tauer 248 {Maqsad i. a.h. 892/1487), 3208 = Tauer 251 (Maqsad i. a.h. 927/1521), 3253 = Tauer 252 {Maqsad i, A.H. 935/1528-9), 3211 = Tauer 254 {Maqsad h. a.h. 964/1656), 3207 = Tauer 261 (Maqsad i. 10th/16th cent.), 3210 = Tauer 262 (Maqsad i. 10th/16th cent.), Nur i ‘TJttoamyah 3298 == Tauer 249 {Maqsad i. a.h. 903/1498), 3300 = Tauer 257 {Maqsad i. A.H. 973/1566), 3299 = Tauer 263 {Maqsad i. 10th/16th cent.), Fliigel ii 1202 (Maqsads i-h. a.h. 910/1504 and 973/1665), 1203 {Maqsad h. a.h. 1010/1601), Nafi^ Pa^a 1135 = Tauer 250 {Maqsad i. a.h. 913/1608), Dom 309 {Maqsad i. a.h. 937/ ^ Jk-z" 3 of the third volume of the Habib al-siyar, in which he is described as still alive, was completed in Bhu 1-Qa‘dah 929/lo23. 2 Some, if not all, copies of Maqmd ii end with ‘Alfs return from the Battle of the Camel, a.h. 36. 3 The author’s intention (expressed in his preface) of devoting Maqsad ii to the Sabiibah ((1) men (2) women) and Maqsad iii to (1) the Tdbi'un, (2) the Tubba"" al’Tdhi'my (3) the Imams of the subsequent period was evidently abandoned. 190 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 1530-1), A^saSyah ii p. 878 nos. 155 (a.h. 939/1532-3), 20 (n.d.), 6 (n.d.), 56 (n.d.), Ithe 145 {Maqsads i, ii, hah i and part of iii. A.H. 954/1547. Written by author's son apparently), 146 {Maqsach i, ii, bah i and part of iii. a.h. 1121/1709), 147 {Maqsad i. a.h. 984/ 1576-7), 148 {Maqsad i. a.h. 1044/1635), 149 {Maqsad i. K.d.), 150 {Maqsad i. Kd.), 151 {Maqsad i, defective), 152 {Maqsad i, defective), 153 {Maqsad n, hcibi, a.h. 1094/1683), 154 {Maqsadii, hdb i.), 155 {Maqsad ii, bdb i), 156 {Maqsad ii, bdb i and part of Maqsad iii), 157 {Maqsad iii. a.h. 1107/1695), 1.0. D.P. 649a (A.H.* 1126/1714), {Maqsad ii), 649c (a.h. 1143/1730-1), Faid Allah EJendi 1456 = Tauer 253 {Maqsad i. a.h. 960/ 1553, copied from an autograph), Hakimo^lu ‘Ali Pasha 751 = Tauer 256 {Maqsads i and ii. a.h. 962/1555 and a.h. 965/ 1558), Rieu i 146a^ (lacks part of Maqsad ii and whole of Maqsad iii. 16th cent.), 1476 {Maqsad i. a.h. 964/1557), 148a {Maqsads i and ii. 16th cent.), 148a {Maqsads i and ii. 16th cent.), 148a {Maqsads i and ii. 16th cent.), 1486 {Maqsad i and part of the life of ‘All (from ii ?). a.h. 1013/1604), 1486 (life of ‘Ali and the Imams, i.e, Maqsad iii (?). a.h. 1262/1846), Khalis Efendi 4899 = Tauer 255 {Maqsad i. a.h. 964/1557), Lindesiana p. 123 no. 130 (a.h. 973/15^-6), no. 408 {Maqsad ii only. a.h. 1231/ 1815-16), SaHm A^a 794 = Tauer 258 {Maqsad i. a.h. 985/ 1578), Turin 95 (a.h. 986/1578), Ivanow 53 {Maqsad I a.h. 999/ 1590-1), 54 {Maqsad i. a.h. 1029/1620), 55 {Maqsads i and ii, defective at end. a.h. 1060/1650), 56 {Maqsad ii), 57 {Maqsad ii. 18th cent.), 58 {Maqsad iii, defective in middle. ^ah-‘Alam's reign (1759-1809)), Curzon 12 {Maqsad i. 18th cent.), 13 (part of Maqsad i. 18th cent.), 1st Suppt. 921 {Maqsad ii. a.h. 1029/ 1620(?)), As‘ad 2113 = Tauer 259 {Maqsads i and ii. am. 989/ 1581), Lalah-H 1782 = Tauer 260 {Maqsad iii. a.h. 995/ 1587), R.A.S. P. 18=MorIey 5, P. 19 = Morley 6 {Maqsad i, ending with a.h. 4. a.h. 999/1590), Lala Isma^il 344 = Tauer 265 {Maqsad i. Circ. a.h. 1000/1591-2), 345 {Maqsads ii and iii. A.H, 1007/1599), Eton 15 {Maqsad i. Owner's date 1091/1680-1), Blochet i 378 {Maqsad i. a.h. 1003/1594), 379 {Maqsad i. A.H. 1088/1677), 380 {Maqsad i, incomplete. 18th cent.), 381 {Maqsad ii. a.h. 1013/1604), 382 {Maqsad ii. a.h. 1027/1617), Deconrdemanche S.P. 1853 (end of 16th cent.), BanMpur vi B, ; THE PEOPHETS, EARLY ISLAM, ' ETC, : , MUHAMMAD 19l' 496 {Maqsads i and ii. 16tli cent.), 497 (Maqsads ii ei^nd iii. IStli cent.), Edinburgh 191 (Maqsad i. a.h. 1011/1602), 420 (all thiee Maqsads, the 2nd (incomplete) dated a.h. 1027/1617), Buhar 19 (all three Maqsads, a.h. 1281/1865), 20 (all three Maqsads. a.h. 1294/1877), 21 (Mag'5a{Z i. 17th cent. Fine copy), Raghib Pasha 1014 = Taner 268 (all three Maqsads, llth/ 17th cent.), Majlis 546 (a.h. 1130/1718), 547 (^^ Da/to- ’’ i), 548 (^^ Dafiar ii ’’). Browne Snppt. 715 (a.h. 1172/1768-9. Eing^s 192), Browne Coll. J. 20 (10) {Maqsad i. N.d.), Berlin 653 {Maqsad i), {Maqsad ii), 555 {Maqsad iii), Bodleian 131 {Maqsad i), 132 {Maqsad i), 133 (fragment of M.aq§ad i), Bukhara Semenov 76, Cairo p. 503 (def. at end), Lahore Panjah Univ. Lib. (|ee Oriental College Magazine, voL ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926), p. 59), Leningrad Mns. Asiat. (see Melanges asiatiques vii (1876), p. 400), Peshawar 1420, 1421 (1st half), tJpsala Zettersteen 632 (Maqsad i). Edition : [Lucknow,] 1297/1880-2°. Abridgment : MuntaMiah i Eaudat al-aJtbdb : Buhar 22 (a.h. 1045/1635-6). Turkish translation by Mahmud al-Maghnisawi : Constanti- nople 1268/1852 (see Mdanqes asiatiques v (St. Petersburg 1864-8), p. 470). Description : Hainmer-Purgstall in Wiener Jahrbucker, voL 71, Anzeige Blatt, pp. 26-27. (2) Tuhfat ahahihhal ft mandqib Al al-Ahd\ on the merits of Muhammad, "Ali, Fatimah etc., divided into two matlabs : Ethd 145 foil. 406&-4416 (a fragment only, part of the muqaddiniaJi of the first Matlab, a.h. 954/1547 (?)). This second work as well as another entitled Riydd al-siyar is mentioned by ‘Ali Sher Qani^ in his Tuhfat al-hirdm. In the Ency. Isl, Jamal al-Husaini is identified with 'Ata’ Allah b. Mahmud al-Husaini, the author of a work on prosody (called Tahnll al-sind'ah), of which an autograph copy dated 925/1519 is mentioned in Na^ir Ahmad 304 (^Ali Husain Library, Haidarabad, cf. Asafiyah i p. 166 no. 247, no. 251, ii p. 1734 no. 31 (12), Cairo p. 524 etc.), but this is incorrect (see Rieu Suppt. 191 (3)). 19*2 IL HISTOEY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. {Bdhm-mmali tr. A. S. Beveridge i 282 ; iii 3, p. 348 ; Haft iqVvm no. 209 ; Majdlis d-mu'mim Tabaqdt i Shdh-Jalidm ; Tulifat al-Mrdm ii 70-1 ; Yddgdr i Bahadur i fol. 263; Eieu i 147, iii 1081&; Raiddt alfartndt 439-^1 ; Eney. IsL under Djamal al-Husaini.] 237. AJtoad b. Taj ai-Din Hasan b. Saif al-Din Astarabadi must have written his Atfmr i Ahmadl between 900/1494—5, the date of the Baiidat al-ahhdh on which it is based, and 964/1556-7, the date of the manuscript Ivanow Curzon 351. A^dr i Ahmadt^ a biography of the Proj)het followed by a Mmtwmh on the first four Caliphs and the twelve Imams, abridged from the Raudat ahaJibdb (see p. 189 supra) : Ivanow Curzon 351 (a.h. 964/1556-7), Ivanow 69 (18th cent.), A§afiyah ii p. 876 no. 59 (a.h. 1076/1665), Berlin 660, 561, Browne Coll. J. 14 (11) (defective). 238. At present unascertained is the authorship of the Mashdriq aHtawdriMi^ an Arabic work on the pre- Islamic prophets and the life of Muhammad, his family and his companions with a Midiifnah on the Imams : no copies recorded. Persian translation made at Adrianople in 956/1549 for the Shah-zadali Salim son of Sulaiman I by Nazar b. Hasan al- Jilani al-Dailami al-Ki^wari known as {aVnm'ntf bi-) al-Naqib (in the preface — ^miii nuqaha’ al-Ki^war) : Aya Sufiyah 3022 = Taiier 284 (a.h. 956/1549, autograph). 239. Saiyid ‘Abd al-Awwal b. ‘Ali al-Din b. Hasan Husaini Zaidpuri, a member of a family which before his time had come to the Deccan ( = Gujarat ?) from Zaidpurnear Jaunpur, was a man of wide learning and the author of many commentaries and other Tvorks, such as Faid ahBdrl, a commentary on al-Bu^ari's Sahih, a metrical work on the law of inheritance and a Persian work on the soul At the invitation of Bairam Khan, the Khan- j^anan of Akbar's reign, he migrated to Delhi, where he died in 968/1560-1. In 941/1534 he sought to achieve the double purpose of averting the invasion of the troops of Khurasan '' (i.e. Humayun’s armies), which were marching against Gujarat , B,. THE FBOPHETS, EABLY: ISLAM, ETC. .MUHAMMAB 193 from DeM, and of checking .an epidemic of the piagne by. composing his {Siyat i Nahawt) or {Muntal^b i hitab i Sufar al-sa^adah), a collection of trad.itio,ns relating to the Prophet extracted from the Sufar ' al-sa'ddah (see p. 180 sujyra) and divided .into, ..ten, bdbs : Ivanow 996 (a.h. 1084/1673-4), Aj^afiyah ii p. 878 no. 75. Presumably different from this is the same author’s work ah Sait wa-H-suluk^ which likewise occurs in the section Siyar ifdrisl : AsaSyah ii p. 878 no. 107 {a.h. 1084/1673-4). [ATMdr al-a khy dr ; Kalimdt al-sddiqm no. 101 (see Bankipilr viii p. 43) ; Eahman 'Ali 106.] 240. Ya‘q[ub ‘‘ Sarfi ” b. Sh. Hasan Gana’i 'Asimi KaA- mlri was a Sufi and a kkaUfah of Sh. Husain Khwarazinl (d. 956/ 1549 in S 3 n‘ia, see Safmat al-auliyd' no. 364, p. 191), whom he visited at Samarqand as he visited various other famous men in the course of extensive travels. He enjoyed the favour of Humayun and Akbar and died in 1003/1595 ^ in Ka^mir. He began but left unfinished at his death a large commentary on the Qur'an and he wrote several ma^nawis, a commentary on al-BulAari, some Immsln and other works. Maghdzi ^hNabiy a life of Muhammad in verse : Lahore PanjalfUniv. Lib. (a.h. 1226/1811. See Oriental College Magazine vol. ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 60). Editions : Lahore 1879*, 18851, 1888^ 1899°. [Nafd'is ahnia'dtMr (cf. Sprenger p. 50) ; Haft iqUm no. 602 ; Bada’uni MuntaMmh al-tawdrikh (cf. Sprenger p. 60) ; A'm i Akharl p. 250 ; Saflnah i Khwushgu ii (Bodleian 376) no. 293 ; Wdqi'dt i Kashmir ; Siraj Diwdn i muntaMah (cf. Sprenger p. 161) ; MaMzan al-gJmrdHb no. 1307 ; Khazlnat al-a$fiyd' ii 338-40 ; Eahman ‘Ali 255.] 241. ‘Afi£ [al-Din] b. Nur [al-Din] Kashani wrote his Maidli^ ahanwdr in the 10th/16th century, according to Ivanow, who ^ According to Khwushgu and others. The Mal^mn al-ghamHb gives the date 991/1583. The statement of Ragman ‘AH that he was bom in 978/ 1570-1 is clearly incorrect. 194 II. HISTOEY, BIOaEAPHY, ETC. does not give his reasons for assigning the work to this (not at all improbable) date. MatdW ahanwdfy a life of Muhammad in 17 fasls followed by an 18th on the first four Caliphs, a 19th on the Umaiyads, a 20th on the building of the Ka'bah and a 21st on eschatology : EtM 163 (A.H. 1088/1677), 164 (a.h. 1206/1791-2), LO. D.P. 741 (a.h. 1212/1710), Ivanow 62 (17th cent.), 63 (18th cent.), 64 (late 18th cent,), Curzon 747 {a.h. 1186/1773), Browne Suppt. 1204 (A.H. 1153/1740-1. Corpus 205^), Buhar 40 (a.h. 1238/1823), A§afiyah ii p. 880 no. 57, Bodleian 141, 142, Madras. 242. Nur al-Din M. h. Abi ’1-Qasim Habib AlEh, a preacher, of Isfahan, composed for the use of Shah "Abbas I (reigned 996/1588-1038/1629) his Majmd al-^ansah^ a genealogy of the Prophet and his descendants, including the and nvqabd' of numerous towns in Asia and Africa : Dom 311. 243. *Abd al-HaqoL ""Haqqi” b. Saif al-Dln Dihlawi Bu^ari Turki, a great saint, an eminent traditionist and a prohfic author, was born at Delhi in 958/1551. In 996/1587 he went on a pilgrimage to Mecca and remained there for more than two years, studying the Traditions and Sufism under "Abd al-Wahhab Muttaqi and others. He died in 1052/1642 and was buried at Delhi in a tomb which still exists. He is said to have written more than a hundred works. Among the best Imown are AMbdr al-a kJiy dr, on the lives of saints, JaM al-qulub ild diydr ahMahbub, a history of ahMadinah, and the D Mkr al- muluk or TariM i Haqq%, a sketch of Indian history. For his commentary on al-Firuzabadi’s Svfar al-sa'ddah see p. 181 supra, Madarij aJ-ntcbuwwah^ a detailed biography of the Prophet in five qisms and a takmilah : Ivanow 65 (a.h. 1048/ 1638-9 (?)), 66 (section dealing with Muhammad's personal appearance), 67 (same section), Curzon 352 (Takmilah only. A.H. 1136/1723-4), 1.0. D.P. 717 (a.h. 1095/1684), BanMpur vi 490 (a.h. 1162/1749), Rieu ii 863& (section on Muhammad's B. , ' 'THE ^ PEOPHETS, EABLY' ISLAM, ETC., ! MEHAMMAB • 195 . personal appearance, 18tli cent.), AiaSyahi i p. 402 no, 940 IntiMidb i: Maddfij al-nyhuwwah^'), ii p. 880 no. 19, Yolers 900 (defective at beginning). Editions: [Lucknow?]' Mazhar al-'^aja’ib Press, 1271-4/ 1854-7^, LBcknow 1867^ 1880^' The Risdluh i liilyah ijandb i Risaht-nia^db (Asafiyah ii p. 1342 no. 105. A.H. 1195/1781) and the Risdlah dar s^md'il i An Radrat (Asafiyah ii p. 878) and the Risdlah i miilMamr dar hay an i dddb i libds i i Saiyid al-ba^ar (Rieu ii 8636, Berlin 14 (25), 53 {2))—i)astur i fd'id dl-nur (Ethe 2658, Ivanow 1004-5) are probably extracts from the Madd/rij ahmibuwwah, [Autobiographies in AM^dr al-akhydr (Midiwmh) and in the untitled work (beginning with the words Panmrdgdr i 'dlam and ending with the author’s own list of his works entitled Ta’Uf qalb al-alif bi-hitdbat fihrist al-tawdUf), which S. Shams Allah Qadirl has published under the title of TaMcirah i mumn- nifm i DihU as a supplement to vol. i pt. iii-iv of the Urdu periodical TdnJch (Haidarabad [1929 or 1930]) and of which an abridged English translation is given in Elliot and Dowson History of India vi 483-92 (for MSS. see Rieu iii 1011a, 10476, Ivanow 1006), Bsidsi’ iml MuMaMab aldawdriJA iii 113 ; Tabaqdt i Shdh-Jalidm ; ^Abd ai-Hamid Pddi^dh-ndmah i 341-2 ; Mir' at al-dlam ; Khaztnat al-asfiyd' i 164 ; Elliot and Dowson History of India Yi 175-8, 483-92; Rieu i 14, 223; Rahman ^Ali 109-10 ; Ency. IsL under ^Abd ahHakk ; Bankipur vi 490 ; TdriMi (Urdu periodical), Haidarabad, vol. i, pt. iii-iv [1929 or 1930], supplement.] 244. For Mir M. Salih (d. 1061/1651), who left an unfinished work entitled Pjdz i Mustafawl on the Prophet, the early Caliphs and the Imams, but who is best known for his Mandqib i Murtadaw% see pp. 214-15 infra, 245. M. b, Mahmud Khawand-ShaJi is probably identical with Mu'in al-Din b. Siraj al-Din Mahmud Khawand~Shah, who wrote in 1073/1662-3 a Sufistic work entitled Ganj i sa'ddat or Kanz al-sa'ddah and dedicated to Aurangzeb (see Ivanow 1275). 196 II. HISTOBY, BIOGBAFHY, ETC. Ahsan al-qasas {?), a detailed life of Mutamniad : Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 937 (breaks off in the 7tli year of the Hijrah. Late 18tli or early 19tli cent.). 246. Sa'd Allah. Masih or “ Masiha ’’ Kairanawi Panipati was the adopted son of Muqarrab Khan (ShailA Hasan), also a Kairanawi, Jahangir’s surgeon and friend, who became governor successively of Gujarat, B^ar and Agrah and is often mentioned in Jahangir’s memoirs. It was to Jahangir that '' Masiha ” dedicated his abridged verse translation of the Rdmayana (for which see Eieu ii 689a, Eth4 1967-9, Bodleian 1315, Ivanow Curzon 265). Probably this Masiha ” is the Mulla Masiha ” who in 1050/1640-1 completed his Paighdmbar-ndmah^ a metrical biography of Muhammad : Lahore^Panjab Univ. Lib. (a.h. 1251/1835-6, See Oriental College Magazine vol. ii no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 60). [Ma'd&ir ahumarff iii 382 ; Khuldsat al-haldm (Bodleian 390 no. 62 ; Bankipur viii p. 145 no. 42) ; MaMzmi al-gharWib no. 2573.] 247. The celebrated Shail^ aUslam Mulla M. Baqir b. M. Taqi b. Maqsud 'All al-Majlisi al-Isfahani, ‘'perhaps the most notable and powerful doctor of ‘the Shi'a w^ho ever lived ’’ (Browne), was born at Isfahan in 1037/1627-8 (see Bankipur vi p. 133) or 1038/1628-9. His father and teacher, M. Taqi Majlisi, was Shailh al-Islam there before him. Mulla M. Baqir became extremely influential in the reigns of Shah Sulaiman (a.h. 1077/1666-1105/1694) and Shah Sultan Husain (a.h. 1105/ 1694-1135/1722) and zealously promoted the Shfite creed. ‘Abd ah'AzIz Dihlawi goes so far as to say in his Tulifah i I^m- ^Askxrtyah (quoted by ‘Abd al-Muqtadir, Bankipiir Cat, vi p. 134) that the ^fite religion might properly be called the religion of AMiund Baqir Majlisi, since he gave it splendour (ramiaq) and a prestige that it had not previously possessed. He died in 1110/1698-9 or 1111/1699-1700. His works were numerous. A list of ten in Arabic (the most famous being the immense collection of traditions entitled Bihar al-anwdr, for which and other Arabic works including the popular devotional manual B. /THE PROPHETS, EABLY' ISL^ MUHA.MMAB. ■ 1,97 Zdd,aUfm'ad see Ellis ii 325-6) and forty-nine in Persian was compiled by M. ' ‘Ali al-Hasani (see Berlin 17 {2), where the titles are given, and cf. Ivanow Cnrzon 391 i). ■. (lyHqyat' al-qulub:, lives of the Prophets and the Twelve Imams in three volumes, the first completed in Shawwal 1087/ 1676, the last incomplete ((1) Pre-Islamic Prophets, (2) Muham- mad, (3) the Imams) : I.H. 1043, BanMpfir vi 601 (vol i only, A.H, 1090/1679), Ivanow il22 (vol. i. 12th/18th cent.), 1123 (vol ii. A.H. 1206/1790-1 (?)), Curzon 387 (vol. ii, defective at end. 12th/18th cent.), 2nd Suppt. 1029 (vol. iii, a.h. 1292/1875), Lindesiana p. 192 no. 411 (circ. a.d. 1800), LO. D.P. 632a (defective at both ends), 632b (a.h. 1229/1814), Berlin 11 (9) (extract only), 12 (?) (extract), 14 (extract), (16) (extract), Mashhad i 4, p. 33 (vol. ii, defective at end), Salemann-Rosen p. 14 no. 615. Editions : Tihran N.d. (see Zenker no. 916), 1240/1824M260/ 1844°, 1 1261 /i845*-1267/1850-P— 1284/1867* (cf. isafiyah ii p. 876 nos. 86-88), Tabnz 1240-1/1824-6 (see Melanges asiatiqms v(1868), p. 518), Persia 1274/1857-8* (vol. i only ?), [Lneknow^] 1291/1874* (vol. iii only), Lucknow 1878-9 ‘^*,1883-4t. English translation of vol. ii : The life and religion of Moham- med, as contained in the Sheedh traditions of the Hydt-ul-Kulooh. Translated . . , by Rev, J. L. Merrick, Boston [Mass.], 1850°. German translation of extracts : Die Mythen des Lebens Jesu, Auszuge aus „Haiat ul Kuluh, oder Geschichte Muhameds, beschriehen nach der Schiitischen Tradition von Muhaimd Bachir^\ Nebst einem das „Leben Jesu von Dr. Strauss' ‘ betreffenden Anlianq herausqeqeben von. M. Chr. G. Barth, Stuttgart, 1837°. ^ According to Edwards vol. iii may have been published at Tabriz. A vol. ii dated 1241/1826 and belonging no doubt to this edition is in the India Office. As in the case of the 1240-60 edition, the third volume of the 1261-84 edition is not uniform, being a lithograph, whereas vols. i and ii are printed. It is also without place of publication. In such cases there is difficulty in ascertaining whether the three volumes should be regarded as forming a single edition, but it is interesting to see that the volumes of 1261, 1267 and 1284 apparently occur together not only in the India Office but also in the Asafiyah Library. 198 IL HISTOBY, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. (2) Jild^ al-^uyuriy lives of Mtitammad, Fatimali and the Imams, completed in Mnharram 1089/1678 : I.H. 772, Rehatsek p. 192 no. 31 (anthor not stated, a.h. 1101/1690), BreM and BMhhar p. xxxvi (ch. 5 (al-Husain) only. a.h. 1110/ 1698-9), Berlin 562 (a.h. 1129/1717), Princeton 459 (a.h. 1143/ 1731), Rieu i 1546 (18th cent.), 1.0. D.P. 48 (Bilg. 680) (a.h. 1221/ 1806), 1.0. 3816, Mashhad i 4, p. 29 (begins with al-Hnsain. A.H, 1225/1810), BanMpur vi 500 (19th cent.), Bflhar 29 (19th cent.), Bodleian 140 (n.d.), A§afiyah i p. 684 no. 447. Editions : Tihran 1240/1825°, 1262/1846°. Sometimes ascribed to M. Baqir Majlisi (but wrongly acc. to I.H. 502, cf. Rieu Suppt. p. 306) ^ is the (3) Tadhkirat al-a^immah^ evidences of the divine mission of Muhammad and of the holiness of the Twelve Imams completed a.h. 1085/1674-5 : I.H. 502, Asafiyah ii p. 1556 nos. 38, 48 (a.h. 1179/1765-6), Lahore Panjab Urdv. Lib. (a.h. 1244/ 1828-9. See Oriental College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 61), Rieu Suppt. 44 (a.h. 1260/1844), Rehatsek p. 191 no. 30 (a.h. 1264/1848), Ross and Browne 232 (transcript of the preceeding. a.h, 1281/1864), BanMpur vi 502 (19th cent.). Editions : Tihran 1259/1843 (see Mashhad iii p. 121), 1260/ 1844 (see Ma^had iii p. 120), 1300/1883°, [Persia] 1277/1860-1 (see Melanges asiatiques v (1868), p. 518). [Qisas al-Khdqdm (Rieu i 190) fol. 158a ; Hazin,’’ Tadhkirat al-ahwdl, tr. Belfour, p. 32; Ltdlu'atd 'l-BaJirain 44-9; Mir' at ah ahwdl i jahdn-numd, Matlab ii ; S. 1‘jaz Husain Kinturi Shudhur aViqydn (in Arabic, see Buhar Arab. Cat. 278) ii fol. 56 ; Randdt ahjanndt 118 ; Qisas al-ulamd' 161-79 ; Rieu i 20 ; Bankipur Cat. vi pp. 133-5 ; Browne Lit. Hist, iv 403-4, 409-10, 417-18 etc.] 248. M. Kazim, a physician entitled Ha;^iq al-Mulk and calling himself, as a poet, Hadhiq,’’ was a native of Shu^tar and a son of the mujtahid Haidar ’Ali Tnstari Najafi. ^ In the Lu^lu^ata H-Bahrain it is ascribed to M. Baqir Majlisi, in the Riya^ (by Mirza ‘Abd Allah, a pupil of M. Baqir Majlisi) to an unnamed contemporary of his, in the Rav4^t al-janmt to M. Baqir b. M. Taqi Lahiji (see Ma^had iii p. 120). B. THE TEOPHETS, EAKLY ISlIM, ETC. : MUHAMMAD : 199 WlieH lie was upwards of seventy years old lie wrote Ms Farah- mmah i Fatim% (p. infra) to complete an nnfinislied poem on the life of Fatimali by MnMbb ‘Ali Khan “Hikmat % whose Saulat i Safdar% a continuation of '' BajMil's ’’ 'HmnlaJi i if aidan, was composed in 1143/1730. Ahsan al-siyar^ a Mstory of the prophets, more especially Muhammad, the early Caliphs and the Imams composed A.H* 1114/1702--3 : Biihar 30 (19th cent.), 31 (18th cent.). [Sprenger 314, Rieu ii 708.] 249. Shaili Habib AUah Qanaujl Siddiqi was learned in the ^ulum i darsiyah and profoundly versed in Sufism. Among his works were (1) Jatvdhir i Mamsah, (2) TadMirat al’auliyd\ (3) Anis aVdfifm (for a MS. at Rampur see Na^ir A^ad 30) and (4) Raudat al-Nabl. He died at Qanauj in 1140/1727-8. Raudat al-Nahty a life of the Prophet in Arabic, written A.H. 1120/1708. Persian translation : NLadxfiat ah^ilm by ^ailM Muham- mad b. ShaiMi Pir Muhammad Paruqi Bilgrami, a disciple of the author: Bankipur vi 491 (18th cent.), 492 (apparently tran- scribed from the preceding). [Rahman All 46.] 250. Mirza M. Rafi^ ** Ba^il ”, entitled Raff Khan, was born at Delhi. His father, Mirza Mahmud Ma^hadi, had migrated from Mashhad to India in the time of Shah-Jahan with his uncle M. TaMr, subsequently Wazir Khan, whom Aurangzeb (reigned a.h. 1069/1659 - 1118/1707) appointed Governor successively of Burhanpur, Akbarabad and Malwah and who died in 1088/1677-8. Ba^l became Biwdn to Prince Mu^izz al~Din and subsequently Governor of Gwalior and Bareilly. After Aurangzeb’s death, wHch occurred in 1118/1707, he lost his appointment and lived in retirement at Delhi, where he died in 1123/1711-12 or 1124/1712-13. Hamluh i Haidari^ a rm&nawi on the life of Muhammad and his early successors based largely on the Ma^drij aVnuhuwwah (for which see p. 187 supra) and brought down to the death of 200 II* HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. ‘U&man, at wMch. point tlie autlior left it incomplete at Ms deatli, but supplied with continuations by several later poets including (1) “ ISTajaf wbo baving long desired to complete tbe poem was spared tbe trouble of doing so Mmself wben in 1135/ 1722-3 be came across and appended to it an epic on tbe bfe of ‘Ali by S. Abu Talib Pindariski Isfabani,^ tbe son of a sister of Mir Abu ’1-Qasim Pindariski (author of tbe Ma^rifat al-sanffi' (Eieu ii 8156 etc.), wbo died at Isfahan between a.h. 1046/ 1636-7 and 1052/1642), (2) ‘^Azad’’, i.e. M. SMq ^^Azad” (d. 1159/1746), wbo after finishing bis Dilguim-namah or MuMtdr-namah (Bankipur iii 373, Eieu ii 7196) was requested by Ba&iFs cousin, M. Palfc al-Din, to complete tbe Hamlah i Haidan, (3) Mubibb 'Ali Khan Hikmat whose continua- tion, completed in 1143/1730-1, is called Sauht i Safdan, (4) Miyan Ahsan, whose continuation is called Muhdrabah i ghgdctnfan or Takmilah i Hamlah i Haidan, (6) S. Pasand ‘All Biigrami, whose continuation is called Tahmilah i Hamlah i Haidan: Sprenger no. 153, Blochet iii 1925 (defective, a.h, 1128/1716), 1921 (with ‘‘Najafs” continuation, a.h. 1153/1742), 1922 (with “Azad’s” continuation. Late 18th cent.), 1923 (with Azad’s ’’ continuation, a.h. 1169/1756. Pictures described in Revue des bibliotheques, 1899, p. 40), 1924 (with “Azad’s’’ continuation, a.h. 1223/1808. Pictures described in Revue des biblioth^ues, 1898, p. 446), Berlin 557 (defective, a.h. 1146/1733), 566 (defective), BuMr 409 (a.h, 1147/1734-5), Bodleian 519 (defective. a.h. 1152/1739), 518 (defective), Browne Suppt 419 {A.H, 1198/1783-4. King’s 139), 418 (a.h. 1226/1811), 417, Eieu ii 704a (with ‘‘ Najafs” continuation, slightly defective at end. 18th cent.), 7046 (first half of the poem. 18th cent.), 706a (second half of the poem. a.h. 1207 /1792), 706a (with “ Azad’s ’’ continuation, a.h. 1206/1791), Suppt. 336 (with Azad’s ” continuation. 19th cent. Pictures), BanMpur iii 374 (with “AzM’s” continuation. 18th cent. Pictures), 375 (with “Azad’s’’ continuation. 19th cent. Pictures), 376 (with “Azad’s” continuation, a.h. 1252/1836-7. Pictures), 377 (without continuation. 19th cent.), Ivanow 829 (18th cent.), ^ Cf. Bankipur viii p. 140, ' , B. THE PROPHETS, EARLY ISLAM,- ETC. *. MUHAMMAB 201 liaflyaii i p. 238 no. 200 (a.h. 1215/1800-1), EtM 900, ii 3039, Boss and Browne 174 (a.h. 1245/1829-30), R.A,S. P. 311 (Pictures), P. 312. Editions : [Lncknow ?] 1267/1851°^ Muttra [, 1895^]. Hikmat’s ’’ continuation : Saulat i Safdan^ Rieu ii 708a (18tli cent.). Ahsan’s continuation : Muhdmhah i ghadanfan maMiur bah Tahnilah i Hamlah i Haidarl, Edition : MurMabad 1309/1891^. Pasand "Alfs continuation : Tahnilah i Hamlah i Haidan, Edition : Agrah 1305/1888^ [Kalimdt al-^u'arff (Sprenger p. 110) ; Hamishah bahdr (Sprenger p. 119) ; Safinah i Ehwu^gu (Bankipur viii p. 91) ; Riydd al-^u^ard' ; Sarw i dzdd ; Siraj Dlwdji i muntaMab (Sprenger p. 150) ; Khuldsat al-Jcaldm (Bodleian 390 no. 10, Bankipur viii p. 140) ; Suhnf i Ibrahim (Berlin p. 633 no. 67) ; Khuldsat al-afkdr no. 44 ; MaMzan al-ghard'ib no. 368 ; Rieu ii 704 (where some further references will be found).] 251. On the 1st of Dh u ’1-Hijjah 1127/28 Nov. 1715 in the fourth year of Earrulisiyar’s reign Qutb al-Din b. Saiyid Shah b. Saiyid M. al-Sadiq al-Qadiri al-Husaini al-Hanafi al-Madani and/or ahHamawi {mautin"^^ asll'if'^) al-Islamabadi ^ {wilMaf^ wa-suhunaf^) completed his Tabsirah i anwdr wa-tadhkirah i asrdr i Saiyid ah abrdr^ a life of Muhammad in seven maqdlahs and a Mdtimah : Berlin 548 (slightly defective at end). 252. Kamal Allah b. M. Pir Siddiqi wrote in 1185/1771-2 his Tarjamat ahasvdVy a history of Muhammad and the early Caliphs, followed by chronograms for the dates of saints, chapters on the duties of a Muslim, eschatology etc. : Buhar 32 (19th cent.), Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 995 (mid 19th cent.). ^ Pertsch annotates Islamabad, in Kasmir ” without giving his authority for this identification. There is an Islamabad in Kasmir, but other towns also were so called, e.g. Chittagong in Eastern Bengal, 202 II. HISTOET, BIOGRAPHYj ETC. 253. M. *A1 Ekm Aniari, the author of the Balir aUnmmmj, a general historjj and of the Tunkh i Miimffan, a history of the Indian Timurids) (for whom see p. 144), composed in 1208 /1793~4 his TdllfiMuhamniadly on the Prophets, the first four Caliphs, the Twelve Imams and other learned and pious persons to the author’s time, in five bahts subdivided into maujs : Berlin 426. 254. S. M. Ahii Turab b. S. Ahmad Ridawi wrote in 1221/1806 at Mir 'Alam’s request the Qutb-numd i 'dlmn (see Ethe 2840), ■which is virtually identical with the HaMqat aVdlmn (cf. Rieu i 3246). Farhat aU^dlam^ a life of Muhammad (?) ^ : Asafiyah ii p. 880 no. 133 (a.h. 1221/1806, described as a printed edition but probably a MS.). 255. M. Wasi‘ wrote in the time of M. Akbar Shah (i.e. the Indian Timurid Atbar II, reigned 1221/1806-1253/1837). Durr i bhbaha^ an ornate history of Muhammad and his jSrst two successors : Berlin 659 (a.h. 1230/1815). 256. Maulawi *Abd al-RaMm b. 'Abd al-Karim SaHpM wrote a number of works including Muntahd 'l-arab f% lughdt aFArabf an Arabic-Persian dictionary -w^ell-known in India (Editions: Calcutta 1252“7/1836-41, Lahore 1871), Audah al- masdlik ild Alflyat Ibn Malik, an Arabic commentary on Ibn Malik’s Alflyah (Edition : Calcutta 1832), Darurat al-adib, an Arabic tract on the Arabic genders (Editions : [Calcutta 1821] and appended to several Indian editions of the Kdfiyah), Hall ah ituwahid, an Arabic commentary on the poetical citations in the Kdfiyah (Edition : Calcutta 1236/1821), Ghdyat ahbaydn fl Him ahUsdn, a Persian work on Arabic accidence (Edition : Calcutta 1828) and al-Masdlik ahbahlyahfl %qawd'id ahnahwlyah, a Persian work on Arabic syntax (Edition: Calcutta 1828). He edited several of the Arabic and Persian works published at Calcutta in the first quarter of the 19th century, e.g. the Surah ^ This work occurs in the section Siyar i farm in the Asafiyah catalogue, but its precise subject is not stated. B. THE PEOPHETS, EAELY ISLAM, ETC. : MUHAMMAD 203 {jointly) in 1812, JainI's al-Fawffid ahDiyavyah in 1818, and the Mu^allaqdt in 1823 (see Ellis and Edwards ^). The date of his death was ■unknown to Rahman h4.]i, who on p. 119 of the TaMcirah i ‘ulamd i Hind mentions five of his works without giving any biographical information. Nut al-lmdny on the genealogy, miracles, merits, quahties, prerogatives, distinctions and other particulars of Muhammad and his companions : Buhar 43 (19th cent.). Edition : place ? 1299/1881-2 (?) (see Asafiyah ii p. 882 nos. 100 and 80). 257. ‘All Akbar “ Bismil ” SMrazi was sadr of the province ■of Ears and a favourite of Husain ‘All Mirza, the Farman-farma. His TaMcirah i dil-gushd (on contemporary poets) is mentioned below. In the Majma' al-fusaW (ii p. 82) Eida-Quli Khan, writing in 1283/1866-7, says that 'Ali x4.kbar had died a few years previously. An extract from the TaMhirah i dil-gu^ giving a list of his works (which include a tafsir and a hd^iyah on al-Baidawi) is quoted in Berlin 667. Bohr ahla^dli\ commenced a.h. 1256/1840 and planned to consist of 14 volumes (on Muhammad, Eatimah and the Twelve Imams respectively) : Rieu Suppt. 48 (vol. i only (a Shf ite life of Muhammad, completed a.h. 1257/1842). a.h. 1258/1842). [Tad^imh i dil-gushd^ Mdtimah ; Anjuman i Khdqdn (Rieu Suppt. 120) foL 416 ; Nigdristdn i Ddrd (Rieu Suppt. 123) fol. 866 ; Majma' al-fusahd' ; Pertsch Berlin Pers. Cat. no. 667 ; Browne Lit, Hist, iv 304-5.] 258. M. ^Ubaid (or ^Abd ^) ahRahman known as (%r/) ‘Abd Allah Mushtaq composed in 1279/1862-3 his Tdrikh i Nahawl. Edition : place ? 1279/1862-3 (see Asafiyah i p. 230 no. 784 and ii p, 876 no, 178). ^ The British Museum catalogue identifies ‘Abd al-Rahim Safipuri with the “ Maulavi Abd-ur-Rahim, Arabic Professor Calcutta Madrasah ” who edited the Bdd^ak-namah (Calcutta 1867-8) and the first two volumes of the Ma'd^tir ^tUurmrd'' (Calcutta 1888 and 1890) for the Bibliotheca Indica, but it seems improbable that a man who was editing texts in 1812 can have been still engaged on the same kind of work in 1890. ® So according to Asafiyah ii p. 876. 204 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 259. Farhad Mirzi, Mn'tamad al4)aiilah, b. ^Abbis b; Fath^ ‘All Shah was the uncle of Msir al-Din Shab Qajar, and during Ms nephew's reign he was twice Governor of Fars. His administra- tion w’as oppressive and unpopular and during the four jrears of his second term of office (ending about 1880, according to E. G. Browne) “ he is said to have caused no less than 700 hands to be cut off for various offences He had a great reputation for piety and in 1292-3/1875-6 he performed a pilgrimage to Mecca of wffiich his diary was published under the title of Hiddyat al-sabil iva-kifdyat al-dalil in two editions, Shiraz 1294/ 1877'^ (362 pp.) and Tihran 1294/1877^ (385 pp.). He had some knowiedge of English and wrote a translation of W. Pinnock's Comprehenswe system of modem geography and history^ published at [Tihran] in 1273/1856° under the title of Jam i Jam, as well as a versified Enghsh-Persian vocabulary Nisdb i inglm published at Tihran in 1866° (see E. G. Browne A year amongst the Persians, London 1893, pp. 105-6). He died in 1888. Qamqdm i zaMiMidr wa-samsdm i battdr^ notices of Muhammad, the Caliphs and the Imams, followed by a list of works on the subject (713 folio pp.). Edition : [TiMn,] 1305/ 1887°. [E. G. Browne A year amongst the Persians, London 1893, pp. 105-8 etc. (see index).] 260i Appendix {a) Titled or quasi-titled works (1) Ahsan ahqasas or Tdri^ i Nahi (chronogram = 1273/ 1856-7), by Maulawi Ihsan Allah, of Lucknow. Edition: Lucknow 1883t. (2) AMildq ahNdhi : Rieu ii 8636 (18th cent.). (3) "^Asr i sa^ddatj by Sh. ^araf, translated (from the Turkish?) by S. Rida Ali-Zadah. Editions: Lahore 1344/ 1926*, 1345/1927*. (4) Diyd^ ahmv^mimnf- a ma&nawi on the life and ^ TJiis title does not occur in the text. B. THE PBOPHBTS, BTC. : MUHAMMAD : APPENDEX 205 legends of the Prophet and various members of his family: Berlin 574 (defective at end). {b) IJayat i Fakhr i kd’inat, by Lutf Allah A^ad, translated (from the Turkish?) by S. Rida ‘Ali-Zadah. Edition : Lahore 1345/1927* (3 vols.). (6) ydmi‘ i Taiyibi dar haydn i ahwdl iNabiy a short life of Muhammad (83 pp.), by ^ah Taiyib Ni'mat-Allahi. Editions: Cawnpore 1877°*, 1888t. (7) Jang-ndmahy a versified account of the life and wars of Muhammad, Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, by Ahmad Khan “ Sufi ”. Edition: Lucknow 1299/1882°. (8) Maddnb al-mmhakkikln ft ansdb al-sdddt al- muntajablny rules to determine true descent from Muhammad, by S. Mahdi Najafi Ka^miri. Edition : Lucknow 1894°. (9) Maqsad al-tdliby on the ancestors of Muhammad and Abu Talib. Edition: Bombay 1311/1893°. (10) Maulud i Barzanjl ^ mamum farm. Edition : Lucknow 1344/1925-6*. (11) Afaw/Mcf aZ-iVafej by Maulawi Pir M. Hadrat. Editions; Lucknow 1882t,1885t. (12) Mi‘rdj~ndmak ^ : A§aflyah ii p. 880 no. 3 (a.h. 1032/ 1622-3). (13) Mi‘rdj-ndmah : AsaSyah ii p. 882 no. 78. (14) Mi‘rdj-ndmah: Bodleian 143 (cf. Berlin 27(1), defective at beginning). (15) Mi‘rdj-ndmah : LO. D.P. 63 (?) (Bilg. 1210) (defective at end. 19th cent.). (16) Mi‘rdj-ndmahy in verse, by “ ^uja‘i ”. Edition ; [Persia,] 1272/1856°. (17) Muntdkhnh al~aMbdr, a history of the Prophets, especially Muhammad, the first four Caliphs and the Imams, by 1 For the Arabic accounts of Muhammad’s birth by more than one Barzanji see Ellis. ^ There exists a short tract (Sharif i Mi^raj or Eisalah dar Mi^rdj) ascribed to Ibn Sina (Rieu ii 4386, 8156, Ivanow Chirzon 487, Bodleian 1422 (4), I.O. D.P. 1193 (a) (Bilg. 1043)) in which the experience is explained as a vision, but it is added that this explanation is not meant for the vulgar. 206 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. Baia’ al-Din b. Sa‘d al-Din : EtU 166 (a.h. 1148/1735), 167 (modem). (18) MmtaM^b ahmandqib^ a history of Muhammad, the first Caliphs and the Imams : Leningrad Mus, Asiat. (a.h. 1134/1721. See MilamgeB asiatiques iii (St. Petersburg 1859) p. 494). (19) Nabt-ndmah oxHamlah i Ahmadt^ a metrical account of Muhammad, by Ahmad Khan Sufi Edition : Agrah 1300/1882-3°. (20) Nasah-ndmah i Rasul i maqbul:, an annotated gene- alogy of the Prophet. Editions : Lahore 1289/1872°*, 1886t, 1888t, 1889t, Bombay 1290/1873*, [Lucknow,] 1291/1874*. (21) Nasab-ndmah i Sarwar i anhiyd Edition: place ? date % (see Asafiyah ii p. 1778 no. 130). (22) Nathr ahjawdhir^ a life of Muhammad, being a translation by Auhad al-Din Mirza ]^an of ‘Alim Allah Husaini's Nazm al-durar. Edition: Lahore 1902°. (23) Nazm ahdurar : see Nathr al-jawdhir above. (24) Nut ahaMd>dr ft ta^nMi al-Nabt wa-dlihi 7- akhy dr^ by S. *Ali Naqi al-Ha’iri. Edition : place? 1309/ 1891-2 (see Asafiyah ii p. 882 no. 81), (25) Risdlah i shaqq al-qamar : see p. 25 supra, (26) Riydd ahuns^ a detailed biography of the Prophet divided into raudahs : Ivanow 70 (fragments only. Late 18th or early 19th cent.). (27) al-Saif al-md^ li-qaf aUqaul li-munkin ^nshiqdq ahqarmr ft H-mddi (“ Persian and Arabic ?), by Maulawi ‘Abd Allah. Edition : Benares 1879t. (28) Slrat al-Nahl manzum : Peshawar 1446. (29) {Siyar ahNabt)^ anecdotes and legends of the Prophet and his companions (beg. : Rdwiydn i aJMdr u Mmddwanddn i asrdr) : Bodleian 344 (a.h. 1052/1642). (30) Tadhkirah i sjtaqq ahqamar (“Arabic and Persian ’’?), proofs of the miracle of splitting the moon, by Maulawi Najaf 'Ali Khan. Edition: Benares 1878f. B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : MUHAMMAD : APPENDIX 207 (31) Tanwlr al-ain ft hdl ahwdlidain^ on the parentage of Muhammad, by Sa'd al-Din JalalabadL Edition : DelM 1308-9/1890-1^ (32) Tdvtkh i Naht : see Ahsan ahqasas above. (33) Tuhfah i Rasultyak^ a mathmvn on the Prophet, by Ghulam-Muhyi ’l-Din Qasuri. Editions : Lahore 1847'^, 18771, 1881t, 18841, 1891 1, WOOf. (34) Wafdt-ndmah i fdrisiy in verse. Edition: Delhi 1889t. (6) Untitled works (1) Biography of Muhammad divided according to the events (wdqd'i\ wdqi^ah) of the particular years : Berlin 549 (defective at both ends). (2) Detailed history of Muhammad divided into fusul : EtM 136 (large portion ending with Fasl 30 (a.h. 3). N.d.). (3) Legends of Muhammad, his mother Aminah and other members of his family (beginning ^AndaUbdn i hustdn i ghard'ib i hihdydt) : Berlin 46 (5). {c) THE EAELY CALIPHS AND THE IMAMS 261. Abu M. Ahmad ^ Ibn A‘&am al-Kufl, who died circ. A.H. 314/926-7 ^ according to Fraehn’s Indications biblio- graphiques (p. 16), wrote in Arabic a popular and romantic ^ His name is so given in the Persian translator’s preface, in the Nigaristan of Ahmad al-Ghaffari and the Rau^at al-atfhdbi both of which often <jnote the work, in the Majdlis in H.IOi. (ed. Flijgel, but not in the Constantinople ed.) iv p. 380 (where he is said to have died a.h. 1003/ 1594-5 !}. In the Habib al-siyar (Bombay edition, p. 7) he is called M. b. ‘All b. A'tham, while in H.Kh. iv p. 385 he is called M. b. ‘Ali known as A‘tham al-KufL 2 According to Abdul Muqtadir he is mentioned in the Taj al-qisas (see p. 159), which was composed a.h. 475/1082-3. 208 II. HISTOEY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. Mstoiy of the early Caliphs from the accession of Abu Bakr to that of Yazid ^ and especially of the Muhammadan conquests made in that period. The work does not seem to be mentioned by Arabic historians, and it is not certain that any copy of the Arabic original has been preserved, since the Gotha MS. (Pertsch Die arabischen Handscliriften etc. iii p. 219, no. 1592 (containing only the Caliphates of Abu Bakr, "Umar and "U'&man)), even if really a copy of Ibn A'dam’s work, may be a retranslation from the Persian. In 596/1199-1200, or soon after, M. b. Ahmad ^ al-Mustaufi al-Harawi undertook a Persian translation of the work at the request of his patron, a ivazir whose name he does not mention but whom he calls Mid aiy id al-Mulh Qiwdm al-Daiilah wa-l-Dln Taj al-Isldm . . . IftiMdr i ahabir i Khimrazm u ^urdsdn ^ and who at the time was staying at the Madrasah of Tayabad [? = Tayabad, near Bu^anj]. iiter finishing the greater part of Abu Bakr’s Caliphate M. al-Mustaufi died, and the translation was completed by M. b. Altoad b. Abi Bakr al- Katib al-Mabamabadi. [This information comes from Bodleian 124, which, however, seems to differ from other copies, in which no such statement occurs.] Futuh i Ibn iA^tham^ H.Kh. iv p. 385, Ivanow 47 (defective at beginning, a.h. 977/1569-70), 48 (a.h. 1113/1701-2), Rieu i 151a (16th cent.), 152a (defective. 16th cent.), 152a (17th cent.), BanMpiir vi 493 (16th cent.), Lala Isma‘il 331 == Tauer 285 (A.H. 1009/1600), Eth^ 131 (a.h. 1013/1604), 132 (a.h. 1098/ 1687 or 1099/1688), 133 (a.h. 1103/1692), 2830 (n.d.), LO. D.P. 750 (18th cent.), Blochet i 367-8 (a.h. 1026/1617. Pictuees (later) (see Revue des hihliotheques 1898 p. 21), 369 (16th cent.), Lindesiana p. 189 no. 183 (before a.h. 1059/1649), no. 831 (circ. A.B. 1650), no. 184 (circ. a.b. 1730), BuMr 16 (a.h. 1074/ 1663-4), Leyden v p. 200 no. 2613 (a.h. 1111/1699-1700), Nur i "UttoaniyaJi 3064 = Tauer 286 (a.h. 1154/1741), R.A.S. P. 21 = Morley 8 (a.h. 1242/1826-7), Mashhad iii p. 76 (a.h. 1296/ ^ Some copies end with the death of al-Husain. 2 Or Muhammad. 3 p’oj. tjjg Blochet i 367-8. B. THE PEOPHBTS, ETC. I EAELY CALIPHS ASD TMA\ r p 209 1879), i p. 232 no. 769, Berlin 431 {‘^niclit neu 432 (modern), Bodleian 124 (lacnnge), 125, 126 (defective), Browne Snppt. 890 (King's 105), Bn^ari Semenov 11, Edinburgli 192 (old), 193 (not later than 1168/1765), Madras, Salemann-Eosen p. 17 nos, 127, 137 ('‘vol i"), 279, 280, 581. Editions : ^ Bombay 1300/1882-3 (see Ma^had hi p. 115, Geuthner's EpMmeride 124, no. 12464), 1305/1887°. Extracts with English translations : W. Ouseley Oriental Collections i 63-9 {History of the Conquest of Zoos tr. B. Gerrans), i 160-5 {The Flight and Murder of Yesdejherd tr. B. G.), i 333-6 {The Invasion of Nubia). The same extracts are given in E. Wilken's Institutiones ad fimdamenta Ungtiae persicae cum Chrestomathia etc., Leipzig 1805, pp. 152-61 and a Latin trans- lation of them in his Auctariiim ad Chrestomathimn suam persicani, Leipzig 1805, pp. 31-7. [Ency. IsL ii 364.] 262. Abu Ja'far M, b. 'Ali b. al-Husain b. Musa Ibn Babawaib al-Qummi, called al-Shaildi al-Saduq, is famous as the author of the Kitdb man Id yaMuruhu 'hfaqih^ one of the four canonical collections of Shfite traditions. He died at Kaiy in 381/991 (see Ency. Isl. under Ibn Babuyah, Brockelmann i 187, Majdlis al-mu'minin 195-200, Rauddt al-janndt 557-60 etc.). ^Uyun akhbdr ahRiddy an Arabic work on the life and sayings of the Imam *Ali b. Musa al-Rida : H.^. iv 8380, AMwardt 9663, Amner Arab. Cat. 456, BanMpur Arab. Cat. XV no. 1050, Cureton-Rieu 1619, Loth 146, Majlis 550, Ma^had i 4, MSS., pp. 57-60, de Slane 2018 (1). Edition: [Persia,] 1275/1859° (see Fulton-Ellis, col 641). Persian translations : ( 1 ) Tuhfdh % Malakif written by 'Ali b. Taiftir al-Bistami ^ in the reign of 'Abd Allah Qutb-Shah (a.h. 1035/1626-10*83/1672): I.H. 561, BanMpur vi 507 (apparently defective, a.h. 1110/1698), Ivanow 1108 (18th cent,). ^ The adjective Malahl is in allusion to a Shrite divine, Shaikh Malik Muhani' mad al-An^ari, at whose request the translation was made. For the form of the nisbak see Wright, Arabic Grammar, i, p. 159. ® For this author's Tubfah i Qutb>>Shah% advice to princes, see Bodleian 1471, For his translation of the Makarim of a!-Hasan b. al-FafH al-TabarsI see Mabbub abalbab 105 and pp. 15 and 177 supra. :>10 TT. HISTORV, BIOGRAPH\% ET('. A copy dated a.h. 1069/1659 was offered for sale in Harrassowitz's Bticlier-Katalog 405 (1926) p. 70 no. 893. Abridgment of this Persian translation : Muntokhob ah hasandt by Hasan 'All snrnamed Shams abDm "Ali Khan : lYanow 1109 (defective at end. 18th cent.). (2) KdAif al-^niqdb (a translation and commentary), by M. Taql b. M. Baqir. Edition: [Persia] 1297/1880°. Ko. 894 ill Harrassowitz's Biicher-Katalog 406 (1926) is an edition of the 'Uyun published at Tihran in 1317/1899'~1900. It is included among the Persian works, but nothing is said about the name of the translator. 263. Baha' al-Din *Aii K *isa b. Falfc al-Din Abi d-Fath al-Irbiii, called Ibn al-Fa^r, served for a time at least in the Biwdn (ilAnsha/ at Bagdad. He died a,h. 692/1293, leaving a large fortune. He was the author of a dmdn and other works, of which the most famous and perhaps the only one extant is the Arabic Kashf ahglmmmah ft ma^rifat ahA^immah^ lives of Muhammad, Fftimah and the Twelve Imams, completed in Eamadan 687/1288 : v p. 211 no. 10726 (inacemate), I.H. 2641. A§afiyah ii p. 1552 no. 21, Aya SMyah 3381, Bankipur Arab. Cat, xv no, 1053, Mashhad i 4, MSS., pp. 76~7, Edition : [Puran?] 1294°. Persian translations : ( 1 ) Tarjamat al-mandqiby written in 938/1531-2 for the Amir Qiwam al-Din Muhammad by Ali b. al-Hasan al-Zawari (for whom see p. 14 supra) : Mashhad i 4 p. 20 (a.h. 992/1584), Bankipur vi 509 (Pt. ii only, Fatimah to M. al-MahdI. 17th cent.), Aberystwyth 19 (1) (small fragment only). (2) A translation (of Pt. i only) apparently different from the preceding (beginning Bugshd ba-thand i Haq zabdn-ru) : Majlis 553 (a.h. 946/1538-9). (3) Iksir al-tawdrlkh wa-siyar ahAHmmah^ mi abridged translation, preceded by a short life of the Prophet by the publisher Mirza M. Malik al-Kuttal), Edition : Bombay 1308/1891°. [Fawdt (xhWafaydt ii 83-6 ; Amal al-dmil 54; Raiiddt al- janndt 396.] „ B. THE . PEOPHETS5, ETC.' ; . ■ EABLY CALIPHS AND IMAMS 211 264. Tlie date of M.' b. AH Zaid b. 'Arab-Shab b. Abl Zaid al-Hiisaini al-^Alawi al-Waramini does not seem to be known, but, since Dorn 312 is dated a.h. 837/1433, be cannot have lived later than tbe fifteenth century. Ahsan al-kibdr ft ma^rifat al-AHmmat ahathdfy a large work on the Twelve Imams : I.H. 110, Dom 312 (a.h. 837/ 1433. Pictures), 313 (Pictures), LO. D.P. 573. Abridgment (with additions and alterations) ; Lawdmi^ al-anwdr {ild ma^rifat ohAUmmat ahathdr^ acc. to the Rauddt ahjanndt], by ^Ali b. al-Hasan al-Zawari (see p. 14 supra), written in 950/1543 by order of Shah Tahmasp I : Rauddt ah janndt 407, Buhar 27 (a.h. 1244/1828). ’* 265. Shihab al-Din b. Shams al-Din b. 'Umar Daulatabadi died in or before 849/1445 (see p. 10 above). Mandqih al-sdddt^ on the merits and prerogatives of tbe descendants of the Prophet : Asafiyah i p. 686 no. 577 (a.h. 1091/1680), ii p. 882 no. 71 (n.d.), no. 76 (n.d.), BauMpdr xiv 1187 (19th cent.), 1188, Buhar 18 (a.d. 1889), LO. D.P. 109 (a.h. 1194/1779), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. CShamf ah sdddt.'' A.H. 1229/1814. See Oriental College Magazine, voh ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 62). [See pp. 9-10 above.] 266. Mahmud b. M. al-Iji called Najib seems to have lived about the middle of the 9th/15th century. A history of Muhammad and the Caliphs to the end of the 'Abbasid Caliphate of Bagdad : Eieu Suppt. 43 (a.h. 883/ 1478), Nur i ‘Uthmaniyah 3088 = Tauer 287 (a.h. 952/1545). 267. Amir Jamal [al-Din] 'Ata’ Allah b. Padl Allah al- died in 926/1520 (see p. 189 supra), ( 1 ) Raudat al-ahhdh ft siyar al-^Naht wa-hAl wa- H-ashab : see p. 189 supra, (2) Tuhfat ahahihbS ft mandqib Al al-Ahd ^ : see p. 191 supra. 212 n. HISTOEY, BIOSEAPHY, ETC. 268. 9usam b. ‘All Wa‘iz KSshifi d. 910/1504-5 (see p. 12 swpra, vbere the Cbristian date should be corrected). Raudat al-slmhada^i lives of Muhammad, ‘All, Fatimah, Hasau, Husain and others in ten hahs and a composed apparently in 908/1502-3 : H.^. iii 6648, Aya §ufiyah 3222-3 = Tauer 272 (a.h. 926/1519), 3221 = Tauer 273 (a.h. 933/1527), 3220 = Tauer 276 (a.h. 938/1531), 3223 (1) = Tauer (a.h. 940/1534), 3219 = Tauer 279 (llth/17th cent.), Fatih 4368 = Tauer 274 (a.h. 934/1527-8), Nur i ‘TJthmaniyah 3302 = Tauer 275 (a.h. 937/1530 (?)), 3301 (1) = Tauer 278 (A.H. 1058/1648), Blochet i 386 (a.h. 962/1554), 387 (a.h. 969/ 1561), 388 (A.H. 970/1562), 389-393, Browne Suppt. 719 (a.h. 973/1565-6), Pers. Oat. 65 (def.), BanMpur vi 498 (a.h. 976/1568-^9), 499, Berlin 569 (a.h. 1016/1607), 570-1, 572 (PiCTUEES), 573 (extracts), Bodleian 134 (a.h. 1133/1720), 135 (a.h. 1034/1625), 1964 (a.h. 1229/1814), Lindesiana p. 154 no. 376 (A.H. 1049/1639-40), Ivanow 59 (a.h. 1076/1665-6), 60, Curzon 14 (def. 19th cent.), 1.0. D.P. 651A (a.h. 1094/1683), 651B (A.H. 1133/1721), Eth4 158 (defective at end), Rehatsek p. 201 no. 60 (A.H. 1125/1713), Rieu i 1626-153& (6 copies, mostly 18th cent.), Agaiiyah i p. 240 nos. 245, 989, i p. 438 no. 190/1 (all of these early 19th cent.), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (a.h. 1229/1814. See Oriental College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926), p. 61, Bohar 25 (a.h. 1290/1873), Glasgow {J.R.A.S. 1906, p. 596, no. 4), Cairo pp. 503-4 (n.d.), EtM 158 (def at end), 159 (n.d.), Peshawar 1469. Editions; Lahore 1287/1870“*, 1873*, 1331/1913*, Lucknow 1873“*, Bombay 1301/1883“, Cawnpore 1891°. Abridgments, etc. ; (1) MuntaMiub i Baudat al-Auhada’, Eth5 160 (A.H. 161 (def at end), (2) Blochet i 394 (partly a.h. 1040/1630-1), (3) DaJi majlis, I.O. D.P. 1201 {b) (defective, a.h. 1197/1782), (4) Dah majlis, Bodleian 136 (similar to, but not identical with, Ethe 160. a.h. 1118/1706), (5) Bodleian 137 (a similar work. a.h. 1058/1649), (6) Dah majlis (identical with no. 3 ?), Lindesiana p. 130 no. 146 (circ. A.D. 1700), (7) Fatih 4342 = Tauer 281 (a.h. 974/1567), .. B. '„ THE /PROPHETS, ETC/: ■ .EARLY CALIPHS AND IMAMS 213 (8)WahM Efena!1240 = Taiier 282 cent.), (9) Mals Efendl 2345 = Tauer 283 (circ. a.h. 1100/1688-9), (10) Dah majUs, Bmwne Suppt. 492 (Corpus 194), 493 (Eng’s 185), Biliar 85, Ivanow 1106, Ivanow Ctirzon 373, Eieii i 1656. Turkish translation (with additions) : Hadlqat al-su'add\ by ^‘Fucliili” (d. 963/1555-6 or 970/1562-3, 'see Emy. M ii 124), H.IOi. iii 4456, Fliigel ii 1216 (a.h. 1000/1591-2), TFjpsala 305 (a.h. 1000/1592), Leyden v p. 232 no. 2643 (a.h. 1002/1693-4). Editions: BulaQ[ 1253/1837 (see Fliigel ii p. 379), 1261/1845 (see G. i. P. ii 360), Istanbul 1273/1856-7 (see G. i P. ibid,). Metrical paraphrase in DakhanI : Raudat al-shuJiadd' by "'Wall” composed a.h. 1130/1718, Blumhardt, 1.0, Hindustani Cat. 112, 122 iii (cf. Ethe 162). Editions : Bombay 1876, 1879. Description: Browne Lit, Hist, iii 441. For a collection of anecdotes on "la vie mystique ” and " la morale religieuse ” bearing on the first page the title Manaqib al'-aiiliyd' and an ascription to Husain Wa'iz see Blochet i 142. 269. An author whose name does not occur in the only recorded manuscript, which is defective at the beginning, composed, or at any rate began, in 937/1531, his Mandqih al-khidafd^ wa-tuhfat ahsu^add\ a short treatise on the Sunnite tradition concerning the first four Caliphs and "A’ishah in four fasls, a fakmilaJi and a Mmtimali^ the last dealing with the punishments prepared in the future life for Shfites and Eiarijites : Ivanow 995 (a.h. 1086/1675-6). 270. Wahid al-Din M. known as (mashhur bi-) Mir Khan b* Zain al-Din al-Jami al-SFEGHabadi [?] says that in 907/1501-2 there arose in Bagdad a body of men who abused the Asl)M> and persecuted the Sunnis. This lasted for a number of years and extended to Khurasan. In 944/1537-8, therefore, he com- posed his Raudat al-ashdb with a view to making the merits of Sunnism known. Raudat ahashdh^ on the history and merits of Abu Bakr, "Umar, "U^man and "Ali : Buhar 26 (18th cent.). 214 II. HISTOEY, BIOaitAPHY, ETC. 27L Abu Dharr Salman b. Ahmad ^arlf Fall had long cherished the idea of writing a in Persian, when he received from one of his friends an Arabic work on the subject. This he translated into Persian in the year 94671539--40 in the reign of a Mzam-Shah, who must have been Burhan (I) Mzam- Shah, an uncompromising Shi'ite (Euler of Ahmadnagar a.h. 914/ 1508-^961/1553). MuWitar-ndmah : BanMpur vi 504 (see also pp. 211-12. A.H. 947/1540). 272. Husain b. Hasan Farigh ” GilM wrote his poem on the life of 'All in 1000/1591-2, the year in which Gilan was conquered by Shah 'Abbas I, who is eulogised at the beginning of the poem. Kitab i Fdrigll^ i Glldnty a poem on the (legendary) life of 'All : Rieu ii 6696 (defective at end. 17th cent.). Edition : [Persia] 1274/1858'' (cf. Sprenger p. 397). 273. *AM al-Haqq DiblaM died a.h. 1052/1642-3 (see p. 194 supra). Fadd^il i AHmmah i Itjmd-a^ar : Peshawar 1462 (2), 1.0* D.P. 661 (a) {Ahwdl i A'immak i Ithnd-'a^ar). 274. M3r M. Salih ‘‘Kashfi ” Husaini Tirmi&I was the son of the poet and calligraphist of Akbar's time, Mir 'Abd Allah " Wasfi” Tirmi^i entitled Mu^hm-Qalam,^ and was himself a skilled calligraphist. In 1056/1646 he was appointed ddroghah of Shah-Jahan’s library. As a Hindi poet he used the ta^aUus "Subhanl”. He died a.h. 1061/1651 ^ and, according to Beale, lies buried at Agrah. Of his Majmu'ah i rdz, a Sufistic tarj%‘~band composed in 1030/1620-1, an edition was litho- graphed at Lucknow (Masiha’i Press) without date (see Sprenger p. 456 and for MSS. Rieu ii 737a, iii 1090a). (1) Mandqib i Murtadawl^ an account of 'Ali b. Abi Talib and his merits in twelve chapters : BanMpur vi 494 ^ A biography of Mushkin-Qalam entitled Fatih al-quluh is described in Ethe (no. 650). ® In 1060/1650 according to the KhaziriM ai-asfii/d ' . B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : : EARLY' CALIPHS AKD IMAMS 215 (A.H. 1076/1665-6), 495 (a.h. 1108/1696-7), IvaHOW Ciirzon 375 (17th cent.), 749 (defective. 19tli cent.), Ivanow 68 (a.h. 1197/ 1783), Lindesiana p. 196 no. 484 (circ. a.d. 1790), I-O. D.P. 725 (ISth cent.), 1.0, 4425, Asafiyahiip. 1558 nos. 39 (a,h. 1245/ 1829-30), 41 (A-H- 1231/1816), Buhar 28 (a.h. 1277/1860-1), Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (see Oriental College Magazine, voL ii no* 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 61), E.A.S. P. 20 = Morley 7. (2) Fjdz i Mustafawly a history of the Prophet, the early Caliphs and the Imams in mixed prose and verse left unfinished by Kashfi ” at his death and completed a.h. 1157/1744“5 by Mir 'Abd Allah Wasifi” b. Mir Ha^m Shah-Ni'mat- Allah! Husaini apparently in Khurasan : Eieu i 154a (18th cent.), ['Abd a] -Hamid Padishdh-ndmah ii 505 etc. ; ‘Amal i sdlih (see also Elliot and Dowson History of India vii 123) ; Mir' at al- 'Siam (B.M. Add. 7657), fol. 462; TadMirah i Miwusk-naioisan p. 101 ; Khazlnat al-asfiya' ii 350; BbbIq Oriental Biographical Dictionary under Kashfi.] 275. A certain Sikandar composed a.h. 1050/1640-1 in Berar MiY^dt al-madhdhih ft ka^f al-mandqtby on the merits of ‘Ali: Nadhir Ahmad 93 (a.h. 1111/1699-1700. Wajid Husain, Lucknow). 276. To 'Abd Allah Qutb-Shah (reigned a.h. 1035/1626- 1083/1672) an unknown author who had come to Muhammad- abad, his capital, and had eventually been appointed one of his ministers, dedicated A work on the ImdmSy divided into a muqaddimah (in 2 usul), a bdb (in 12 fusul) and a hhdtimah : Dresden 382 (defective at end). 277. Yusuf b. Aqa Beg Dih^waraqani composed in 1069/ 1658-9 for Shah ^ Abbas II his Nauhat al-ahzdUy on the martyrdoms : Ma^had i 4 (MSS.), p. 100 (A.H. 1071/1660-1). 278. M, Baqir b. M. Taqi MajlisL who has already been mentioned (pp. 196-8 supra) as the author of the Hayat al-qulub 216 II. mSTOEY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (lives of tlie Prophets etc. completed in 1087/1676) and of the J %la[ aVuyun (lives of Muhammad, Fatimah and the Imams completed in 1089/1678), had compiled before these works a large collection of Shf ite traditions entitled Bihar which has been lithographed more than once in Persia (cf. Ellis i col. 325 and Harrassowitz's Biicher-Katalog 405 (1926), nos. 62-4, 430 (1931) no. 667). Parts of this work are of historical or biographical interest and of these the following Persian translations exist ( 1 ) Tarjamah i mujallad i duwazdahum i Bihar al- anwdVy on ‘Ali b, Musa al-Rida (etc. 1), a translation made in 1308/1890-1 by Ismail b. S. M. Taqi Musawi Zanjani ^ : Majlis 537. (2) Kashf al-anwdr^ a series of traditions chiefly concerning Muhammad, ‘Ali and the Imams translated by M. Taqi b. M. Baqir. Edition: [Persia] 1295-1878^ 279. In the preface to the Tuhfat ahniajdlis the author calls himself Ibn Taj al-Din Hasan Sultan Muhammad, which is a Persian way of saying Sultan Muhammad b. Taj al-Din iHasan.^ The British Museum Catalogue of Persian printed books, no doubt on the authority of one or both of the editions there described, appends to the name the words “ called Fazil Hindi”. If this identification is correct,^ the author is a well- known Shiite scholar, who in the Bauddt al-janndt (p. 548 bis ^ For a translation of vol. i {which is not historical) by the same translator entitled Ka^f al~asrar see Majlis 552. 2 Apparently through an oversight the name appears in the British Museum Catalogue of Persian printed books (col. 256) as Hasan ibn Muhammad (Taj al-Dlii), called Fazil Hindi. ® There seems to be nothing improbable in the identification, although the Tuhfai al-majalis is not mentioned in the Maudat al-jannat among the works of al-Fadii al-Hindi. I‘jaz Husain Kinturi does not mention the work at all. It is a late production, which quotes, for example, the Bi^r al-anwdr [of M. Baqir al-Majlisi, d. 1110/1698-9 or 1111/1699-1700]. If al-Fadil al-Hindi’s name was Sultan Muliammad, he may have dropped the Sultan in his Arabic works for the purpose of conforming to Arabic ideas of nomenclature, just as, apparently for this reason, Siddiq Hasan b. Auiad Hasan b. Aulad ‘AK (see p. 27 supra) calls himself Siddiq b. Biasan b. ‘Ali in at least one of his Arabic works. ; ;b. ' the prophets, etc. : early caliphs and 217 = vol. iv p. 109) is called Balia’ al-Din M. b. Taj al-Din Hasan b. M. al-Isfabani al-mnlaqqab bi-l-Fadil al-Hindi. He was born in 1062/1652 at or near Isfahan, was taken to India as a child and having spent a number of years there became known as al-Fada al-Hindi on his return. He was a precocious boy and began to write books in his twelfth year. His works (mainly commentaries or super-commentaries, it seems) desl inter alia with grammar and rhetoric as well as law and theology. Among them were Munyat al-haris ^ala fahm Shark ahTalJcMs (I.H. 3197), w^hich he wrote in his nineteenth year having previously written more than ten works, Ka^f al-UAdm 'an Qawd'id al-aJiMm (I.H. 2628, where it is called Ka^f al-ihhdm fl itarh Qawd'id al-aMdm), aUMandliij al-sawlyah fl shark al-Raudat al-halilyah skxrh al-Lum'at al-Dimainfiyah (I.H. 3140) and a large Persian commentary on the Qur'an entitled al-Bahr aVmawwdj, He died at Isfahan on 25 Eamadan 1137 ^/1725. Tuhfat al-majdlis^ an account of the miracles performed by Muhammad and the Imams. Editions: [Persia,] 1274/1858°, 1275/1859J, 1297/1880*, Tabriz 1278/1861-2° [Rauddt al-janndt pp. 548 6^5-550 his = vol. iv pp. 109-111 ; Qisas al-'ulamd' 243-4.] 280. It was by desire of Shah-‘Aiam Bahadur-Shah (reigned 1118/1707-1124/1712) that ShaM Atoad b. Mahmud Muham- mad! al-Akbarabadi compiled his Tadhkirat ahsadat^ on the names, kunyahs, laqabs, dates of birth and death and similar matters connected with the Prophet, Fatimah and the Twelve Imams, together with genealogical information concerning their descendants, including some of those who came to India. Edition : Allahabad 1880*. 281. In 1125/1713 an anonymous author wrote and dedicated to Shah Sultan Husain his 1 This, according to the BaudM ul-jmmat, was the date inscribed on his tombstone. I‘jaz Husain Kinturi gives the date 1135/1722-3. Another mentioned in the Rau4di al-jannaf is 1131/1718-19. 218 II. HISTOEY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC, Jannat ahl^ulud (a clironogram), a small book (35 foil.) on traditions relating to tbe Imams, festivals, tbe ascertainment of latitude and longitude and otber matters: Majlis 539 (A.Ha261/1845). 282. Mirza M. §adi<i ** AzM ”, a Tibrani, it appears, by origin, was evidently resident in Ka^mir when he completed Ms BiZ- gu^d-namali. This work he began in Safar 1131/1719-20 and it took him six years to complete. He died in 1159/1746. He is the author of a continuation of Basil’s ” HamlaJi i Haidan, written after the Dul-gudid-nmnah at the request of BadhiFs ” cousin M. BaWir al~Din (see p. 200 supra). Dil-gusjtd-ndmah:, or Mu^tdr-ndmah^ a matknaivl giving an account of al-MuHitar : Sprenger 147, BanMpiir iii 373 (a.h. 1159/1746), Rieu ii 7196 (18th cent.). [Bankipur vi 373 (where it is shown that Rieu was mistaken about the identity of the author).] 283. Muhibb 'All ^an Hikmat ” was one of those who wrote continuations to the unfinished Hmnhh i Haidan of '' BaAil ’k His continuation, the Saulat i Safdarl, was composed in 1143/1730 (see p. 201 supra). Subsequently he began but left unfinished a poem on the life of Fatimah. This was completed by M. Kazim Hadhiq ”, whose Ahsan al-siyar, composed in 1114/1702, has already been mentioned (p. 199), and who gave his continuation, four times as long as the original poem, the title of Farah-ndmah i Fdtiml. Farah-ndmah i Fdtim% a Shfite poem on the life of Fatimah : Sprenger 314, Rieu ii 708 (preceded by " Hikmat's untitled fragment. 18th cent.). 284. M. Nadir refers to the Takmil ahimdn of 'Abd al-Haqq Dihlawi, and he consequently cannot have written earlier than the 17th century. Tadhkirat ahma^sumlny lives of Muhammad, the Twelve Imams and the fourteen martyrs of Karbala' in 15 chapters : Biihar 39 (19th cent.). B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS AHD IMAMS 219 285. Wali Allah DMawi, who died a.h, 1176/1762-3, has already been mentioned as author of the Fath al-Rahnan and of al-Fauz al-kablr (pp. 20-2 supra), and of the translation Surur ul-mahzun (p. 179 supra), Qurrat al-ainain fi tafdil ahShaiMtaiU:, on the merits of Abu Bakr, ‘Umar and ‘U^man : A^afiyah ii p. 1352 no. 316, Buhar 128 (19th cent.), 1 . 0 . D.P. 702, D.P. 82(r (Bilg. 1396). Edition: Delhi 1310/1892^ 286. M. Naqi, called also *Ali Naqi b. Ahmad Burujirdi> wrote his ^Ain al-huka/ at Ka^an in 999/1590-1 (according to ‘Abd al-Muqtadir) or in 1199/1784-5 (according to Ivanow, who describes the earlier date as wrong). (1) ^Ain ahhukd^^i accounts of the martyrs of Karbala' and other descendants of the Prophet. Possibly Ivanow Curzon 380 (1) (32 majdlis ^ only. a.h. 1248/1832-3) is a (defective ?) copy of this work. (2) Lubb i ^Ain aUbukd^^ an abridgment of the preceding in 73 (or 74) majdlis intended for recitation in Muharram : BtoMpur vi 506 (a.h. 1241/1825), Ivanow Curzon 380 (2) (63 majdlis, the last incomplete, a.h. 1254/1838). 287. Mahdi b. AM Dharr ahKa^ani al-Niraqi^ was born at Niraq, lived at Ka^an and retired to Najaf, where he was buried. He was a pupil of M. Baqir al-Bihbahani (b. a.h. 1117/ 1705-6 or 1118/1706-7, d. circ. 1208/1793-4), of Yusuf b. Ahmad al-Bahrani (b. 1107/1695-6, d. 1186/1772) and of other distinguished scholars. The date of his death is not mentioned in the Rauddt al-janndt or the Qisas aVulamd\ but according to the Ma^ihad catalogue (i, 4 (MSS.), p. 91) it occurred in 1209/1794-5. Several works of his are mentioned in the Rauddt al-janndt, all of them apparently unknown to I‘jaz Husain. His son Ahmad Niraqi (d. 1244/1828-9) was also a scholar of note (cf. Browne Lit, Hist, iv 411), ^ According to ‘Abd ai-Muqtadir, the author described his ‘Am al-huW as consisting of twenty-two chapters. ^ Niraq “ ‘ala wazn ‘Iraq ” is in the neighbourhood of Kadian according to the Bav4at al-janTmi, 220 II. HISTOBT, BIOGEAPHY, ETC. Muharnq al-'^qulid)^ ^ Shiite Mstorj of the martyrs of the Prophet's family in two muqaMimahs and twenty majalis : Mashhad i 4, p. 91 (a.h. 1240), Berlin 567 (a.h. 1245/1829™30), 568 (lacks first foL a.h. 1233/1818), A§afiyah i p. 252 no. 518 ^(a.h.:1264/1848);' Edition: Tabriz [?] 1248/1833 (see Melanges asiatiques y (St. Petersburg 1868) p. 616 and Dorn Asiat Mus, p. 88, the latter of which gives Tihran as the place of publication). [Rauddt al-janndt iv 136-7 ; Qisas aVulmnd' 105-7.] 288. M. Mubin b. Muhibb Allah b. Ahmad lAbd al-Haqq Lakhnawi Hanafi Ansari died at Lucknow on 2 Rabf ii 1225/ 7 May 1810. His best-known work is the Mifdt al-skuruh, an Arabic commentary on Muhibb Allah al-Bihari’s Siillmn al- 'ulum, an Arabic treatise on logic (For editions (Lucknow 1871, 1882, 1904 (this last edition, on the margin of Ahmad Abd al- Haqq's similar commentary, contains the first part {tasaivunirdt) only), Cawnpore 1311/1893, 1896) see Ellis and Fulton-Ellis.) He -wrote also an Arabic commentary on the Musallam al-tkiibut, an Arabic work on the principles of Muhammadan law, also by Muhibb Allah al-Bihari, Arabic annotations on Mir M. Zahid’s commentary on Qutb al-Din al-Razi’s 'l4asawwur wa-lrtasiiq and other works (several of which are mentioned by Rahman 'Ali). Wastlat al-najdt^ lives of the Twelve Imams. Edition : Lucknow 1895° (with marginal Urdu translation by M. Had! All Khan). [Rahman 'AJi 211.] 289. M* ‘Alim b. M. Musa Yahya’i Afdali liahabadi was the grandson of a well-known 8uf% ]^ub Allah (properly M. Yahya) liahabadi (d. 1144/1731, see Rahman All 58). Ghdyat ahhimmah ft dhikr al-sahdhah wa-l-aHmmah or Risdhh i Muliammadlyah^ written originally a.h. 1206/1792, completed after revision a.h. 1209/1795, a history of the Prophet, the early Caliphs and the Imams : BanMpur vi 608 (defective at end. Early 19th cent.). B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS AE'D IMAMS 221 290. M. ‘AH h. M. Fapl wrote in 1218/1803-4 Ma'din al-sulahd^ dar haydn i Saiyid al-Shukadd ^ : A§afiyah ii p. 1656 no. 45. 291. Mufti Ikram al-Din, a great grandson of 'Abd al-Haqq Diblawi (for whom see p. 194 supra), composed in 1220/1805-6 Sa^ddat ahkaunain fl haydn faddHl al-Hasanainy a legendary account of tbe deaths of al-Hasan, al-Husain and the martyrs of Karbala’ : Buhar 33 (19th cent.), LO. D.P. 676 (A.H. 1239/1823). Edition : Delhi 1893 1 (presumably, since it was registered on 2.1.1894). 292. MuUa Bamiln *Ali “ Raji ’’ Kirmani was a Zoroastrian convert to Islam according to Sprenger, who was told that he died at Bombay not many years ago ” (Sprenger’s Oudh Catalogue was printed in 1854). (1) Hamlah i Haidarl^ matJmaivi on the life of 'Aii' written a.h. 1220/1805-6 by order of the Shahzadah Ibrahim Khan : Sprenger no. 461, Berlin 558 (about the first half of the poem). Editions : Bombay 1244/1828-9 (see Sprenger no. 461), 1264/ 1848^*, [place?] 1266/1849-60 (Asafiyah ii p. 876 no. 113), Tihran 1270/1854'', [Persia, probably Tihran,] 1283/1866'^, [place ?] 1276/1859-60 (Asafiyah i p. 238 no. 467). (2) Ddstdn i ghazwah i Hunaim Edition : Bombay 1848*. “ [Sprenger no. 461, Rieu ii 7046.] 293. Fadl i ‘Ali b. Aqa Mahmud b. Aqa Ahmad al-Isfahani began in 1208/1793-4 and completed in 1222/1807-8 his Muhit ahghahrd\^ on the martyrdom of the Imams, divided into 20 hahrs : Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 940 (early 19th cent.). 294. M. Hasan b. ai-Hajj Ma‘§mn al-QazwM was a pupil ^ Iranow writes MuhMt al’^ira\ wMch I have ventured to emend as above. 222 II. HISTOBY, BIOGBAPHY, ETC. of tile distingiiislied Shi^ite theologian Aqa M. Baqir b. M. Akmal Bihbahanl, who died in 1205/1790-1 or 1208/1793-4.^ It was to Husain hHi Mirza, third son of Bath-^ All Shah and Governor of Bars a.h. 1214/1799-1800—1250/1834-5; that he dedicated his Riyad al-sjtahddah ft dkikr masa^ib al-Sddaky com- pleted A.H. 1227/1812, a history of Muhammad and the Imams divided usually into three volumes consisting respectively of four, eighteen and eight majalis : Rieu i 1556 (vol. ii (18 inajdlis relating to al-Husain, his relatives etc. and al-Mulitar). 19th cent.), Suppt. 45 (vol. i (4 nmjdUs relating to Muhammad, Batimah, ‘Ali and al-Hasan). a.h. 1228/1813), 46 (vol. ii (18 majalis as above), a.h. 1238/1823), 47 (vol iii {8 majalis lelating to the Imams from Zain al-'Abidin to al-Mahdi). Early 19th cent.), BanMp^ vi 503 (vol. ii (18 majalis above)), Princeton 458 (A.H. 1262/1846). Edition: [Bombay P] 1273-4/1857-8^ 295. M. Husain al-Sharif b. M. hill Kirmani was over fifty years of age when he began the compilation of his Raidat ah Husaimyak, which he dedicated to Bath-' All ^ah (a.h. 1211/ 1797-1250/1834) probably towards the end of his reign. Raudat ahHusainiyahy on the martyrdoms of the Imams, their miracles etc., in 72 and a Mdtimah: Ivanow 1st Suppt. 824 (probably shortly before a.h. 1246/1830). 296. Qurban b. Ramapn ''Bidil” al-Badashti al-Eudbari al-QazwM wrote in 1248/1832-3 his Mdtam-kadahy on the martyrdom of al-Husain and others. Editions : [Tihran] 1274/1858° [this is given as the date of vol. ii, the only one in the B.M.], Tihran 1277 /1860 (see Melmiges asiatiques v (St. Petersburg 1868), p. 516). 297. Maulawl M. Sib^at Allah b. M. Ghauth entitled Mufti Badr al-Daulah 'Azim-Nawaz Khan Bahadur Mu'tamad-Jang 'Umdat al-'ulama’ (presumably an official at one time in the ^ For further information see Mau^at dl~janmt 123, Qisas aVulama" 157-161, Bvjum al-sama^ 342. B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS AY£> IILLmS 223 employ of tlie Nawwab of the Carnatic ‘Azim al-Daulah (d. 1819) or his successor ‘Azim-Jah (d. 1825)) wrote his Dastan i ghmn in 1250/1834-5. Dastan i gham, a Sunnite (prose) account of al-Husain and his martyrdom" based on an Arabic work by the same author. Edition : Madras 1258-9/1843*. 298. In 1250/1834-5 a Madrasi poet dedicated to M. Ghauth Khan, the last titular Nawwab of the Carnatic (born 1239/1824, died 1855),^ his Bakr i gham (a chronogram), a metrical account of the martyrdom "of al-Husain and his associates : Ivanow Curzon 313 (A.H. 1262/1846). 299. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz b. Wall Allah DiMawi, whose Fath al- ‘Aztz or Tafsir i ‘AztzJ has already been mentioned (p. 24 supra), was born in 1159/1746 and died in 1239/1824. Sirr al-shahddatain-, an Arabic account of the martyr- dom of al-Hasan and al-Husain. Editions : Lucknow 1257, 1841*, 1873°*, Delhi 1285/1868-9*, Saharanpur 1296/1879°*. Persian commentary : Tohrir al-shahddatain^ by M. Salamat Allah “ Ka^fi ” b. Sh. Barakat Allah Badayuni Kanpuri, who died at Cawnpore in 1281/1864 (see Rahman 'Ali 77-80). Editions : Lucknow 1844*, 1874*, 1882°. Persian translation ; Izhdr al-sa^ddah ft tarjamat Asrat al-shdhadah completed in 1251/1835 at Ghazipur by Maulawi ‘All Kabir commonly called (ma'riif bah) M. Miran-jan b. S. Ja'far (MuhammadI JunaidI Ilanafi) Ilahabadl. Edition : Calcutta 1253/1837* (with the Arabic text). 300. Hajji M. §alib al-Bur^ani completed in Shawwal 1256/1840 his MaMzan al-hukcd ft musibat Saiyid al-Shuhadd\ on ^ For his life see beiow in the section Biography : Poets, where the taMkirahs Subl i watan and Gulzdr i nominally compiled by him are mentioned. 224 II. HISTOKY, biogeaphy; etc. al-Hiisain's martyrdom. Edition : [PersiaJ 1273/1856-7 (see Melanges asiatiques v (St. Petersburg 1868), p. 515). 301. S. 6halam-*AH Miisawi Eidawi Jahan^magM wrote iE l263/1847 Hs . Hamlah i Husaim^ a nmAnawl on tbe battle of Karbala’ : BanMpur iii 439 (19tb cent.). 302. Qurban-'Ali {mulaqqab wa-mutaMallis hi-) ‘*Kamyab” b, M. Eafi‘ Pazawari Mazandarani bimself gave Dorn a copy of bis ^Umman al-huW at Barforu^, no doubt in 1860 when Dorn visited tbe town. Mirza Kamyab/’ says Dorn, '' est regarde comme un des premiers savants du Mazanderan.” ^UmtHdn ahiukd^^ on the martyrdom of al-Husain and others. Edition : Tihran 1276/1859-60 (see Melanges asiatiques V (St. Petersburg 1868), p. 516). 303. Eida-Quli toan ''Hidayat” died a.h. 1288/1871 (see p. 151 supm). Mazdhir al-anwdr ft mandqib al-aHmmat ahathdr. Edition : [Tabriz,] 1280/1863°. 304. M. ^Ali b. Musa b. Ja^ar b. Mahmud b. Ghulam-'AII al-Najafi al-Asadi al-Kazimi came to Bombay in 1262/1836-7 after making a pilgrimage to Mecca and to the shrines of the Imams. Subsequently he travelled much and visited among other places Lucknow and London. He was the author of (1) Euzn al~mu'minm, ^"ite elegies [Edition ; place ? ^ 1260/ 1844, see Asaftyah i p. 238 no. 425], (2) Lismi al-waHzm, in praise of the family of ‘All, and (3) Surur ahmu^inhuny a history of ^Ali and his family to the death of aLMu^tar, written in 1281 /1864 for S. Hasan Shah Aqa Khan and divided into 31 majdlis and a T^timah : Berlin 575. 305. S. Sadr al-Din Ahmad b. Karim al-Din Ahmad ^Alawi Musawl Hanafi Qadiri Buhari Bardawani was born in 1259 /1843 ^ Probably Bombay, of course. B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS ANB I^LIMS 225 at Buhar in tlie Bardwan District of Bengal. His great-grand- fattier Mun»^i S. Sadr al-Dln b. S. M. Sadiq (d. 1211/1797) was Mir Mun^j and subsequently Maddr al-mahumm to Mir Ja'far, Na^wwab of Mur^idabad, assisted Warren Hastings in the settlement of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, and founded the J alallyali Madrasah with 'Abd al-'Ali "'Bahr al-'ulum'' as principal. To this madrasah Mun^i Sadr al-Din attached the library which his great-grandson greatly augmented and which in 1904 he presented to the Government of India. This library, designated the Buhar Library, is preserved in the Imperial Library at Calcutta and its contents are known to Orientalists through the catalogues of Persian and Arabic manuscripts published in 1921 and 1923 respectively. Maulawi Sadr al-Din died in 1905. RawdHh al-Mustafd min azhdr ahMurtaddy a large work on the Imams, some of their descendants and various saints begun a.h. 1302/1885 and completed a.h. 1303/1886 : BanMpiir Adii 724-5 (a.h. 1304/1886, autograph). Edition : Cawnpore 1305/1889"^. \RQmWidi a"o 1. ii, at end ; Catalogue of the Persian mmiuseripts in the BiiMr Library, Calcutta 1921, preface; Calcutta Review N.S. A'oI. iv, no. 3 (Sept, 1922) ; Bankipur viii 724.] 306. M. Hasan I^an Mara^i, entitled Sani^ al-Daulah and afterwards I‘tmiad al-Saltanah, died at Tihran in 1896 (see p. 154 supra), Hujjat ahsa'ddah ft hijjat ahs^ahddah^ an account ofthe martyrs of Karbala’, followed by a summary of the events of A.H. 61 throughout the world. Editions : [Tihran,] 1304/ 1887% Tabriz 1310/1893% 307. AbuT-Hasan Khurram ^irazi, entitled Sadr al- ^u^ara% was a poet of the time of Nasir al-Din Shah Qajar. Shajd^at al-'Htisainty a poem on the martyrdom of ah Husain and his companions. Editions : Bombay 1309/1891 (containing also the same author’s Mandqib al-AHimnah, poems in praise of the Imams, 22r> II. HrSTOBY, BIOaRAPHy, etc. and Malla' al-amvdr, poems in praise of Nasir al-Din Mh and the royal family of Persia, etc.), 1328/1910°* (containing also the same author’s MciulM-mnmh, b. 'gomi on the Twelfth Imam, Mandqih al-A'immaJi, Matk^ dl-armm and f Khmmmr or HadiqaJt i ddnish, on prosody), 308. M. ‘Abbas was the son of Ahmad b. 31. al-Yamani al-^irwani.^ He settled at Bhopal and is described by Siddiq Hasan in the Shmn‘ i aiijummi (1875) as Miihtawim i imhkamah i tartib i dastur <il-‘amal i r^dsat, no doubt a temporary employment. A work of his entitled Qalffid al- jawdhir J1 almdl al-Bawdhif composed in 1287/1870“'l and published in 1301/1883--4 is mentioned in the Asafiyah Catalogue (i, p. 248). Other works written by Mm were the Bultdn-ndmah, a short history of the Ottoman Sultans ending with a brief account of the Russo-Turkish war of 1877 written in 1304/1886-7 (Editions: Bombay 1304/1887°*, 1307/1890°), and the TdnMi i Qaimr i Rum (Edition : Cawnpore 1281/1864°). a translation of Ibrahim Efendrs Misbdh al-sm, an Arabic history of the Sultans of Turkey. ^ There is some biographical information about A. b. M. al-A^amanl al- 8hirwani (derived mainly from Jawad Sabat’s Arabic work al-Bardhln al- ^dbdijyah fl-im Uistaqlmu hihi al-millat ahMuljbCunmctdiyah, Calcutta 4229/1814) in Mauiawi Abdul Wall’s Life and work of Jawad Sabat, an Arab traveller^ icrikr and apologist, together zvith a review of kis romantic career, as a ( 'hristian and Mzislim, Calcutta and >SimIa 1925*, pp. 5, 6, 10, 12, 14, 20, 21, 22, 2;h 24, 27, 33, 34, 42, 51-3, 80~1. According to Jawad Sabat A. b. M., w'horri 8abat often calls al-Jurji, was born at Huclaidah, his father, Mirza M. Taqi, having come thither from Shirwan and married the daughter of Saiyid Haidar, a (Jurji) merchant (dalial) of Bagdad. In 1808 [apparently, see Roebuck, Annals of the College of Fort William, appendix, p. 47] he became attached to tile Arabic Department of the College of Tort William and while there he com- jaied or edited a number of Arabic works for the use of the students, e.g, Nafhat al-Yawian (1811), I^wdn al-safa" (1813), Hadiqat ahafrdJi (1813), al^Ajab al- "ujf'tb (letters, mostly original. 1813), Diwdn ahMutanabbi' (1814), Alflailak wa-lailah (1814-18), al-Qdmus (1817), ^AjdHb al-maqdur (1818). In 1235/1820 liis paneg 3 Tric‘ on ^azi al-Dln Haidar entitled al-AIandqib aUHaidariyah w^as jmblished at Lucknow. Rahman ‘All mentions a work of his entitled Shams aUiqhdlft mandqib Malik Bhopal, According to Abdul Wali he died at Poonah in 1256/1840. He was a Shi‘ite. Cf. Brockelmann ii 502, Rahman ‘All 19, Buhar Arabic Cat. no. 434. B. THjE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS AND IMAMS 227 Tdri^ i Al i amjdd, an account of Muhammad and some of his descendants and successors : Edition : DelM 1312/1895°. [i^m‘ i anjuman ^.182.} 309. Mirza ‘Abhas-Quli Khan “ Sipihr ” b. M. Taqi Lisan al-Mulk Kashani,^ the author of the Tadhkirah i Ndsirl, verse and prose eulogies of Nasir al-Din Shah and the events of his reign ([Tihran] 1304/1887°), wrote also (1) Ahwdl i hadrat i Bdqir, a life of the Imam M. al-Baqir, completed in 1323/1905-6 : Majlis 663 (Supplement to vol. ii only ?). Edition: [Tihran,] 1323-4/1905-6°. (2) Tirdz a life of Zainab, written A.H. 1314/ 1896-7.* Editions : Bombay 1322/1904-5 (“ Tirdz al-mudMJihah i MumffarV’ See Asaflyah i p. 246), Tihran 1323/1905-6 (see Ma^had iii p. 137). 310. Mulla ‘Abbas “ Tuti ” b. Mulla M. A^rafi Mazandarani wrote in 1332/1913-14 his Nazm al-shuhadd " 3 a metrical account of the martyrdoms : Ma^ad i 4, p. 101 (autograph). 311. Appendix (a) Titled or quasi-titled works (1) Ansdb i Tdlihiym : see Bahr al-ansab below. (2) Anwar al-shahaddh, a collection of traditions relating to the events of Karbala’, by Hasan b. ‘Ali Yazdi KTHNWI : Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib. (a.h. 1294 /1877. See Orkthtal College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 62, where it is stated that a printed edition exists).® ^ For M. Taqi Lisan al-Mulk see p. 162 m'pra, ^ Perhaps this was the Anwar al-d^hadah ascribed to M. Hasan published at Lahore in ISSSf. 228 ' II. HISTOEY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (3) Asds ahimdn^ on the lives and attributes of the Twelve Imams in 12 sections, by '' Walih ^ : Browne Suppt. 45 .(A.H. 1128/1716):'. ' (4) Asrdr al’-shahddah (/7 hmjdn ahwdl ^ukada Karbala), by ^Abbas bilL Edition: Persia 1277/1860-1 (see Cairo p. 498). (5) Asrdr al-shahadah:^ an account in mixed prose and verse of the life and martyrdom of hlli and his family followed by elegies, by Ismahl Klxan Sarbaz ’’ Burujirdi. Edition : [Tihrani] 1284/1867% Persia 1296/1879 (see Harrassowitz’s Bucher-Katalog 430, no. 879). (6) Atash’-kadah (?), a detailed legendary account of the martyrs of Karbala’ in mixed prose and verse, by '' Jauhari who cannot have lived earlier than the 17 th century, since he quotes M. Baqir Majlisi : BuMr 41 (defective at both ends, opening with the 10th skii'laJi of the fifth dtash-hadah, 19th cent.). (7) Badr i musha^sha\ on the descendants of Musa al- Mubarqa', son of M. al-Taqi, the 9th Imam, by Mirza Husain Nilrl TabarsL Editions : [Bombay,] 1308/1890% 1893 f/ (8) Bdhr al-ansdb^ an Arabic work.^ Persian translation : Kitdh dar baijdn i ansab i Tdliblyln, by Khwajah Mir b. Hmad al-Din M. b. Amir S. 'All al-Husaini, a detailed genealogy of the descendants of Abu Talib in three hctbs ((1) 'Alfs offspring, (2) Ja'far s offspring, (3) 'AqiFs offspring) : Ethe 168 (a.h. 1081/ 1671). (9) Bahr ahansah : see Kanz al-ansdb below. (10) Bohr aUmandqib : see Durr BaJir ahmandqib below. (11) Bait al-ahzdn^ on the martyrdoms of 'All and his family, by 'Abd al-KhMiq b. 'Abd abRahim Yazdl (al-asl) Madihadi (al-mmkin). Edition: Tabriz 1275/1859"^ (of. Melanges asiatiques v (St. Petersburg 1868), p. 515). ^ Presumably a iaMiallus. The author cannot be ‘AK-QuK Khan “ Walih ’’ Daghistanl, who was born in 1124/1712. - Possibly identical with M. Ibrahim “Jauhari” b. M. Baqir al-Marwi, author of the THJm aUbuka* mentioned below. ® There are several Arabic works with this title. B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS AND IMAMS 229 (12) Ddstan i Karbala" : VelyaminoY-Zernov p. 863 no. 6. (13) Dhakhtrat al- uqhd ft fada^l aHmmai aUhudd^ by 'Adiiq 'All Kban : Asafiyah ii p. 1556, no. 64 (a.h. 1253/ 1837-8, probably a printed book tbougb described as a MS.). Edition : Calcutta 1253/1837^. (14) Durr hahr ahmandqib ft fadl ^AU b. Abi Tdlib^ by 'All b. Ibrabim surnamed Darwi^ Burban Ba^dadi, an abridgment of tbe author’s Arabic work Balir al-mandqih : Majlis 542 (a.h. 984/1576-7), 543 (defective. Old), 544, Berlin 664 (def. at end. Old), Ivanow Curzon 379 (a.h. 1218/ 1803), Rieu ii 857a (a.h. 1230/1815), Asafiyah ii p. 1556 no. 47. (15) Fada"il al-d^immah^ by M. Taqi Isfahan! known as Aqa Najafi. Edition: place? 1306/1887-8 (see Ma^bad iii p. 20). (16) Fada"il al-drifln : see Shams al-duM below. (17) Hikdyat i Muhammad i Hanaftyah^ ‘"history of Muhammad, son of the Hanafiyyah, from the time when the tidings of his brother Husain’s death reach him to the time when he releases the latter’s son, Zain ul-"Abidin, from captivity, and finds the charred body of the accursed Yazid at the bottom of a well.” Apparently this and no. (51) infm are "" detached portions of a late composition exhibiting the Shi"ah legend in its most exuberant growth ” : Rieu ii 819a (a.d. 1721). (18) Jang-^ndmah^ a versified account of the life and wars of Muhammad, Abu Bakr and 'Umar, by Ahmad Khan " Sufi ” : Lucknow 1299/1882°. (19) Jang-ndmah i Husain^ a life of al-Husain preceded by a short notice of al-Hasan : Buhar 42 (Bengali Samwat 1252/ A.D. 1844). (20-23) Kanz al-ansdb wa-bahr aUmusdb (so Asafiyah ii 1778 no. 127, while the title-page of the 131*6 edition has Kanz al~ansdb ma^ruf hah Bohr al-ans^), genealogies of the Twelve Imams and their descendants ascribed in the Asafiyah catalogue to Abu Mi^naf (for whom see Brockelmann i 65 and Ency, IsL)^ a work written originally in Arabic, brought to Persia a.h. 653/ 230 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. 1255 by a certain S. Abu Talib, wbo died a few years later at Sab^awar (see Eieu iii 10616, 1081a, where the work is called Ansab-ndmali), and translated into Persian by a writer of the same century, S. Murtada "Alam al-Huda,^ best known as the author of the Tabsirat aVatvdmm, an account of religions and sects, mainly those of Islam (see Eieu i 140, iii 1081a) : AsaSyah ii p. 1778 no. 117, Eieu iii 10616 (extracts only). Probably identical with this is '' Abu Michnaf b. Lut b. Jahja Chusaiy’s Bahr al-ansdh preserved in the Asiatic Museum at Leningrad {see Melanges asiatigms iv (St. Petersburg 1863), p. 54). Editions : Bombay 1302/1884 (Asafiyah ii p. 1778 no. 127), 1316/1898^2 (24) Karbala i mu^alla^ a metrical account of the martyr- doms at Karbala’, by Muzaffar 'Ali Khan '' Asir Editions: Lucknow 1880^ Cawnpore 1899f. (26) KhasdHs al'-Husaintyah^ by Ja'far b. Husain Shu^tari. Edition: Bombay 13*13/1895®. (26) Lisdn ahdhdkirin^ lives of the Imams with some account of events in the life of Muhammad etc., by M. Had! Na’inL Edition: Tihran 1296/1879®, (27) Majdlis al-dhzdn^ on the deaths of Muhammad, Eatimah, ‘Ali, al-Hasan and al-Husain in 10 majdlis dedicated to Prince M. Buland-Alitar : Ivanow Curzon 377 (18th cent.). (28) Majdlis i Saiyid al-ShuhadW : A§aHyah ii p. 1556 no. 50 (from 4th to 10th whajlis, a.h. 1231/1816). (29) Majmaj al-mandqiby lives of Muhammad and the Imams written by ^Ali b. Ja'far Isfahani in India at the age of fifty: Buliax 36 (18th cent.), 37 ’(a.h, 1274/1858). (30) Mandqih i ddblnyah : see Shams al-dukd below. (31) Mufarrih al’-quluh : see MuMitdr-ndmah below (no. 40). ^ See Rau^at aUjannM 565 bis (vol. iv p, 126). ® In the British Museum catalogue this work will be found under ‘AH ibn uI-Husain ibn Musa, i.e, the celebrated al-Sharif ahMurtada, a much earlier ^Alam al-Huda (for whom see Mnc^, 1st under Murtada). B. THE PEOPHBTS, ETC. * EAELY CALIPHS AND IMAMS 231 {$%) Muhaiyi] ahahzdn^ by Hasan b. M. -All abYazdi (asP^) in {mashin^'^)^ an account of al-Husain’s martyx- dom. Editions : [Phran ?] 1271-2/1854-6°,* [Persia,] 1277/ 1860-1 (see Melanges asiatiques v (St. Petersburg 1868), p. 516). (33) Mu^jizdt wa-'hikdydt Mauldya . . . Amir ah Mlfmintny on ‘All, Ms miracles etc. Edition : [Persia,] 1305/ 1887°. (34) MukhtdV’-ndmah^ in 24 majalis beginning aVHamdu li4lah , . . Bi-ddn hill tasalU i dil wa-rakat i jdn i ^Viydn i muMlis (cf. no. 41) : Berlin 4 (27) (ten majalis only. a.h. 1027 / 1618), *4 (29) {Majdlis 14-16). (35) MuT^tdr-ndmah or Qissah i Muhtar y in 23 majdlis beginning al-Hamdu li-lldhi Robb aVdlamln . . . ammd ha'd tasalU i dil i mumindn ii rnhat (cf. no. 41 infra ) : Rieu i 156 (A.H. 927/1521). (36) Mu^tdr-^ndmahy in 14 majdlis : Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 939 (A.H. 1220/1805). (37) MuMdr-ndmahy in 18 majdlis beginning al-Hamdu li-lldh Rabb ahdlamln . . , ammd ha^d M/uddwand i aJchbdr . . , : Ivanow Curzon 378 (a.h, 1069/1649), BanMp^ vi 505 (18th cent.). (38) Mu^tdr-ndmah : I.O. 3716. (39) MukhtdT’-ndmah : Lindesianap. 198 (circ.A.n. 1750). (40) Mukhtdr-ndmahy or Mufarrih al-qulub, in eleven majdlis beginning al-Hamdu li-lldh alladM shfiralia sidura'm . . . : Berlin 677 (a.h. 1233/1817). , (41) MulMdr’-ndmahy in 21 majdlis beginning al-Hamdu li- lldh Rabb al-dlamln wa-4-^dqibatu li-l-muttaqln . . , ammd bad tasalU i dil i muminm wa-rdlmt i jdn i majruhdn i muTMis qissah i MuMdar ast : Berlin 676 (1) (a.h. 1225/1810). (42) Aiukhtdr-ndmah : see Surur al-mdmimn below. (43) Mukhtasar (beg. al-H. I, Rabb al-d, wa-l-s. wa-l-s, did jchgir J^alqih M. wa-dlih wa-aulddih wa-aHmmah i ithnd d^ar dlaihim al-s. ajmaUn), a history of the Twelve Imams and their descendants literally translated by a certain “ ShaM 232 n. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. al-huffaz ” from an Arabic original : Berlin 563 (1) (a.h. 1149/ 1737). (44) Musibat-namah, by M. Baqa Wari^ : Battira Semenov 106. (45) {Muslhat-ndmah ) : Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 941 (defective at both ends. Early 19th cent.). (46) {Mmihat-namaK) : Ivanow 2nd Suppt. 942 (defective at both ends. Mid. 19th cent.), (47) Nasab-ndmah i dimmah i mdsumtn : Browne Suppt. 719 (a.h. 973/1565-6). (48) Nihdyat al-su’ul ft mandqib raihdnat al-Rasul, by ‘Abd al-Wahhab b. M. Ghauth Shafi'i : A§afiyali ii p. 1558 no. 8 (A.H. 1238/1822-3). (49) Nur al-absdr ft aMM al-thdri by S. M. Ibrahim b. M. Taqi, Mujtahid, of Lucknow. Edition : place ? date ? (see Asafiyah ii p. 882 no. 149). (50) Nur al-shuhadd^ by S. Nur al-asfiya’ : A|aHyah i p. 258 no. 381. (51) Qissah i Amir al-mdmvmn Hasan u Husain, a legendary history apparently extracted from some late work : Eieu ii sloa (a.d. 1721). (52) Qissah i Mukhtdr : see MuMtdr-namah. (53) Qissah i Slur i mardan '’Ah i Murtadd, fabulous narratives relating to ‘All ; Eieu ii 856® (18th cent.). (54) Raudat al-dimmah, lives of the Twelve Imams, by S. Tzzat ‘All EidawL Edition: place? 1271/1854-5 (see Asafiyah i p. 240 no. 433 and of. Peshawar 1452). (55) Raudat al-Mulafd’,^ by Husain b. Isma'il al- BEHAEl [?] : Aiafiyah i p. 240 no. 372 (defective at beginning. A.H. 1112/1700-1). ^ This work occurs in the section Tariff ifarisi in the Asafiyah catalogue, hut its precise subject is not stated* B. THE PEOPHETS, ETC, : EABEY OAEIPHS AND IMAMS 233 (56) Raudat ahmujahidin or Mu^tdr-ndmahy by Allali b. Husam al-Wa‘k. Edition: Tiliran 1261/1845°. ahansdhtyah^ on the fortunes of those bUids who were banished by the Marwanids 115 years after the death of Musaiyib b. Khuza'i and who then migrated to Tali- ^istan and Dailaman in Gilan : Berlin 663 (2) (a.h. 1149/1737), (58) Riydd ah^uhadd^ ^ an account of the rebellion of ah MulAtar in four fads, beginning al-Hamdu li4ldM 'lladffb abld auliySaku bi-l-'mihan wa-l-masffib : Ross and Browne 232 (2) {A.H. 1281/1864). (59) Saiyid al-sdddty a metrical account of 'Alb Fatimahj al“Hasan and al-Husain, by Mazhar al-Haqq : Lahore Pan jab Univ. Lib. (a.h. 1230/1815. See Oriental College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926) p. 62). (60) Shajardh i taiyihah^ on Musa al-Kazim and his descendants with special reference to the Safawids, by M. 'All ^an called Nawwab i Daulah. Edition : Farrukhabad 1314/1896°. (61) Shams al-duhd:, or Mandqib i dahmyah or FadaHl aF^driftn^ on the merits of the Imams, by Maulawl Safdar Husain. Edition: Lucknow 1298/1881°. Shaukat i ^Arab^ a historical poem by Ghulam- Muhammad Khan Khabir ” Khatak written in opposition to the Shdli-ndmah to celebrate the conquest of Persia by Sa'd b. [Abi] Waqqas. Edition : Lucknow 1875^*. (63) Surur al-mu^mimn or MuMitdr-ndmahy by Mulla M. Husain Na’inL Editions : [place ?] 1270/1853-4 (see Berlin p. 545), [Persia] 1281/1864-5 (see Melanges asiatiqiies v (St. Petersburg 1868) p. 526, no. 106). (64) Tdri^ i futuh i shdm^ translation of an Arabic history of the conquest of Syria : Ethd 134. (65) Tdrlkh i^Umaft^ a history of the Caliph 'Umar said to have been written in Arabic for Harun al-Eashid and translated into Persian by M. Husain b. 'Abd al-Salam for Mahmud b. Subuktigin : Rieu hi 10416 (extracts only. Circ. a.b. 1860). 234 II. HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, ETC. (66) Tufan ahbukd^^ Uves of Muhammad, Fatimali, 'All and the Imams, by M. Ibrahim " Jauhari ’’ b. M. Baqir al- MarwL Iditioiis : Tihran 1259/1843 (see Asafiyah i p. 246 no. 443), 1263/1847°, Tabriz 1274/1857-8 (see Ma.^had i 4 (printed books) p. 18), place? 1294/1877 (ibid.), Persia n.d. (see Melanges asiatiques y (St. Petersburg 1868) p. 516). (67) Tuhfat aha^awain ft mandqib al-Shaikhain^ on the merits of Abu Bakr, 'Umar, 'U^man, Mii'awiyah and some of the Ashdh, divided into a muqaddmah, four fasls, a Midtimah and B, tabsirak : Bodleian 1796. (68) Tuhfat al-dhdkinny on the life of al-Husain and other members of the Prophet’s family, by " Bldil ” [identified in the B.M. catalogue with the well-known poet 'Abd al-Qadir " Bidil ”, b. at Patna a.h. 1054/1644-5, died at Delhi a.h. 1133/ 1720, but this is probably incorrect]. Edition : Tihran 1280-1/ 1863-4° (3 vols.). (69) Tuhfat al-Ridawiyah^ a life of ['All b. ?] Musa al- Rida, by Nauruz 'Ali b. M. Baqir Bistami.^ Edition: Tabilz 1281/1865°. (70) Wasllat al-najdt^ on the death of al-Husain and other martyrs, by M. Husain b. M. Rida. Edition : [Tihran,] 1284/1867° (71) Wasilat ahnajdty on the events of 'Ashurd\ by Nauruz 'Ali b. M. Baqir al-Bistami ^ : Lahore Panjab Univ. Lib, (see Oriental College Magazine, vol. ii, no. 3 (Lahore, May 1926), p. 62). Edition: [Persia,] 1300/1883 °.3 (&) Untitled works (1) Account of al-Husain’s martyrdom : Lindesiana p. 152 no, 776 (circ. a.b. 1770). (2) Kitdb darfadllat i liadmt i 'All : A§aSyah ii p. 880 no. 77. For another work by this author see Wasilat al-najat below. 2 For another work by this author see Tuhfat aUBidawiyah above. The British Museum catalogue describes this work as a tract on Moslem rites, whereas according to the OrierUal College Magazine it relates to the events of ^AimTa\ B. THE PROPHETS, ETC. : EARLY CALIPHS AND IMAMS 235 (3) Legendary Mstory of the deatli of al-Husaiii and other martyrs, divided into miMcats subdivided into misbdhs : Berlin 565 (begins in Mishkdt vii, 3Iisbdh 3 and breaks off in MishMt, ix, MisbdJi 2), 566 (begins with MiMcdt ix, Misbdh 3, ends in xii).' ■ (4) Narratives of the martyrdoms of the Imams divided into majdlis: Browne Suppt, 1453 (defective at both ends).^^^ (5) Popular history of the Imams and their partisans from the death of al-Husain to the overthrow of the Uniaiyads : Browne 1452. (Q) Risdlah dar f add' il i Saiy id abshuhadd' : AsaSiyah ii p. 1556 no. 40. (7) Stories of al-Husain etc. : Upsala Zettersteen 407. (8) Work in prose and verse on the martyrdom of al-Husain, by M. Hadi b. Abi 1-Hasan al-Sharif al-Na’im (presumably identical with the author of the Kiidb i Yusuf lyaJi mentioned on p. 172 supra) : Rieu i 156a (small fragment only. 19th cent.).